Jamaica national football team
Nickname(s) | The Reggae Boyz[1] | ||
---|---|---|---|
Association | Jamaica Football Federation | ||
Confederation | CONCACAF (North America) | ||
Sub-confederation | CFU (Caribbean) | ||
Head coach | Winfried Schäfer | ||
Captain | Rodolph Austin | ||
Most caps | Ian Goodison (128) | ||
Top scorer | Luton Shelton (35) | ||
Home stadium | Independence Park | ||
FIFA code | JAM | ||
| |||
FIFA ranking | |||
Current | 55 1 (5 May 2016) | ||
Highest | 27 (August 1998) | ||
Lowest | 116 (October 2008) | ||
First international | |||
Haiti 1–2 Jamaica (Haiti; 22 March 1925)[2][3] | |||
Biggest win | |||
Jamaica 12–0 British Virgin Islands (Grand Cayman, Cayman Isls.; 4 March 1994) Jamaica 12–0 Saint Martin (Kingston, Jamaica; 24 November 2004) | |||
Biggest defeat | |||
Costa Rica 9–0 Jamaica (San José; 24 February 1999) | |||
World Cup | |||
Appearances | 1 (first in 1998) | ||
Best result | Round 1; 1998 | ||
CONCACAF Championship & Gold Cup | |||
Appearances | 10 (first in 1963) | ||
Best result | Runners-up; 2015 | ||
Copa América | |||
Appearances | 2 (first in 2015) | ||
Best result | Group stage; 2015 |
The Jamaica national football team is controlled by the Jamaica Football Federation. Jamaica is typically one of the top ranked teams in CONCACAF and has won the Caribbean Cup six times, with their latest win being the 2014 Caribbean Cup when they beat Trinidad and Tobago in the finals.[4] It is the only Caribbean nation to reach a CONCACAF Gold Cup final, losing to Mexico in 2015.
Jamaica qualified once for the FIFA World Cup, in 1998. It is, along with United States, Honduras and Costa Rica, one of the rare teams from the CONCACAF region to draw against Mexico in the Estadio Azteca in a World Cup qualifier match.[5]
History
Early 20th century
Jamaica's first international appearance was against their Caribbean neighbours Haiti in 1925. They were invited to the French-speaking Caribbean island by Andre Chevalon, president of the United Sporting Society and it was for a three-match series between the 2 countries. Jamaica won all three games by 1–0, 2–1 and 3–0. The following year Jamaica hosted Haiti at Sabina Park and won by 6–0. Haiti remained frequent opponents and it was not until 1932 that their run of defeats was broken with a 4–1 home win in Port-au-Prince.[6]
Between 1925 and when Jamaica gained its independence in 1962, Jamaica had regular games with Trinidad and Tobago, Haiti, Cuba and clubs like Racing and Violette from Haiti, Corinthians of Britain, Tigres from Argentina, and even a series of matches with a Caribbean All Stars team in 1952. The Caribbean All Star team included such notables as Michael (The Ruin) Kruin from Suriname and also representing Jamaica were Lindy Delapenha and Gillie Heron. The four games were shared equally with Jamaica winning the second 2–1 and the fourth 1–0 and the All Stars winning the first 5–1 and the third 1–0.
Those friendly international games were the start of Jamaica's football journey with most of the home matches being played at Sabina Park. Many clubs were established during this time including Kensington, Melbourne, Kingston, Lucas and St. George's Old Boys, thus providing the talent Jamaica needed at the times.
Post independence (1962)
In 1965, under the leadership of Brazilian coach Jorge Penna, Jamaica made its first attempt at World Cup qualifying. This was for the 1966 World Cup finals in England. The preliminary group included Cuba and the Netherlands Antilles. Jamaica's first game was against Cuba which they won 2–0 at Jamaica's National Stadium. In the qualifying match against the Netherlands Antilles, Jamaica also had a 2–0 victory with both goals coming.
In the away games Jamaica was held to a goalless draw with the Netherlands Antilles and suffered an unexpected 2–1 defeat to Cuba. Jamaica then advanced to the final group of 3 which included Costa Rica and Mexico. The winner in this group would represent the CONCACAF region. Jamaica lost at home to Mexico 3–2 and in the return leg in Mexico City the high altitude proved too much for the Jamaicans and they were defeated 8–0.
1970s
In 1968, coach George Hamilton took leadership as Jamaica made an attempt to qualify for the 1970 World Cup Finals in Mexico. Jamaica had only a couple remaining players from the previous World Cup team and had to rebuild because most of the players had retired or migrated to North America and England.
Jamaica lost all of their qualifying games in that year. Jamaica's participation in the 1973 CONCACAF Championship qualification elimination saw the suspension of 17 players on the team because of poor behaviour on a tour to Bermuda. Jamaica withdrew from the elimination to restructure their team. For the 1978 FIFA World Cup qualifying, Jamaica was eliminated by Cuba after two losses (3–1 at the National Stadium and then 2–0 in Havana).
1980s
Jamaica did not participate in the qualifyings for the 1982 and 1986 World Cups, in the former due to insufficient funds and a poorly prepared team, and the later because the team was suspended for affiliation fees that were due to FIFA.
1990s
For the 1989 CONCACAF Championship qualification qualifying with coach Geoffery Maxwell, Jamaica won both preliminary games against Puerto Rico 1–0 in Jamaica and 2–0 at Puerto Rico. In the next round, the United States were their next opponents and the first leg was a goalless draw. Jamaica lost the return leg in the US 5–1, ending their qualifying attempt.
In qualification for the 1994 World Cup, Jamaica first beat Puerto Rico 2–1 and was then was put in a group with Bermuda, Canada, and El Salvador, from which two teams would advance to the final round. Jamaica tied 1–1 with Canada and Bermuda and then lost 2–0 to El Salvador, 1–0 to Canada, 2–1 to El Salvador. Jamaica then beat Bermuda 3–2 but did not qualify.
In 1994, Brazilian manager René Simões was hired, along with National coach Carl Brown, with the goal of qualifying for the 1998 FIFA World Cup. Simões searched for players – discovering some working at hotels, British players of Jamaican descent, and Jamaicans who played in English clubs – and funding. The Jamaican team became a "Powerhouse" in the Caribbean region and received "Best Mover" award by FIFA in 1996. Jamaica made history in 1997 becoming the first English-speaking Caribbean country to qualify for a World Cup.[7]
In the 1998 World Cup, Jamaica ended in Group H, along with Argentina, Croatia, and Japan. Their first game was a 3–1 defeat to Croatia in Lens, with Robbie Earle scoring Jamaica's goal. It was followed by a 5–0 defeat to Argentina at Paris' Parc des Princes. Jamaica ended its participation with a 2–1 victory over Japan in Lyon, with Theodore Whitmore scoring both goals. The team finished 22nd out of the 32 teams.
2000s
In the 2002 World Cup Qualification, Jamaica finished 5th overall at the CONCACAF's final round.
The squad struggled in 2006 and 2007, leading some Jamaicans to dub them The Reggae Toyz. The team did not make it past the first stage of 2007 Caribbean Cup qualifying despite hosting the round, eliminating Jamaica from the 2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup. The team also fell during the second round of the 2006 World Cup qualification.
In July 2006, ESPN FC reported that Sven-Göran Eriksson, who had just left England, had turned down the chance to manage Jamaica, as well as an unknown Champions League club.[8]
Theodore Whitmore lead the team to impressive victories over El Salvador and Guatemala in the latter part of 2007. However, with the return of former coach Renê Simões (who led Jamaica to the 1998 World Cup), there was heavy optimism in the Reggae Boyz camps. Jamaica started their Road To South Africa 2010 campaign in fine form beating Bahamas 7–0 at home, 6–0 away. They then fought to a hard 1–1 draw with Canada but lost to Mexico and Honduras due to what was considered poor team selection from Renê Simões, which then in turn led to his firing.
Jamaica announced that Jamaica-born John Barnes would take over as manager in November 2008, with former Reggae Boy Theodore Whitmore leading the team in the interim. Jamaica were at the bottom of Group 2 in the 3rd round, but high performances saw them move up in the table. The team battled hard to 1–0 victories over Mexico and Honduras. However, the Boyz fell just short of advancing to the final round.
They managed an impressive 3–0 victory over Canada in their final third round match but failed to move on as Mexico advanced on goal difference after a 1–0 loss to Honduras. After this Theodore Whitmore decided to begin early preparation for the 2014 FIFA World Cup. They vowed to play at least one friendly a month. The squad held South Africa to a goalless draw before 15,000 spectators at Vodacom Park, South Africa.
2010s
Jamaica played three friendly matches to start of 2010, a 1–0 win over Canada at the National Stadium in Jamaica during January, 21 scored by Ricardo Fuller; a 2–1 defeat to Argentina at Mar del Plata on February, with Ryan Johnson scoring a goal; and a 2–0 defeat to South Africa in Germany on April. In August, Jamaica started their preparations for defending their Digicel Cup title with a comprehensive 3–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago in Port of Spain. On 5 December 2010, Jamaica defended their Digicel Cup title with a 5–4 PK win in the 2010 Caribbean Championship.
Jamaica started off strong in their opening 2011 Gold Cup match against Grenada winning 4–0. Jamaica again showed a strong performance after beating Guatemala 2–0 (a brace from Demar Phillips), therefore qualifying to the quarterfinals where they faced the US. Jamaica's Gold Cup campaign ended as they lost 2–0 .
2014 World Cup qualification attempt
In 2012 Jamaica successfully advanced to the CONCACAF Hexagonal under the guidance of Theodore Whitmore.
After six matches under Theodore Whitmore, the coach resigned after a series of poor results which included two draws and four losses. In July 2013, the J.F.F. announced Winfried Schäfer as Head Coach for the remain of the 2014 World Cup qualification campaign.[9] The JFF continued changing their technical staff following the resignation of Alfredo Montesso as Technical Director.[10]
2014
Jamaica won the Caribbean Cup in November and qualified for the Copa América Centenario.
2015
Jamaica appeared at the 2015 Copa América in Chile as an invited team. The team was eliminated after losing all three of its Group B matches 1–0 – to Uruguay, Paraguay and Argentina.
A few weeks later, in Gold Cup 2015, Jamaica reach their first final of this tournament finals after beating USA 1–2 in the semi-final. Previously, the Jamaican team qualified first of their group, and beating Haiti 1–0 in the quarter-finals.
Stadium
The team plays their games at Independence Park, known locally as The Office, which is located in Kingston. The stadium opened in 1962 and holds 35,000 people. It got its name The Office from their 50 match unbeaten run from 1995–2001.
Kits
The kits used from 2008 to 2015 were from Italian kit provider Kappa, they debuted in their current set at the beginning of the World Cup qualifying campaign against The Bahamas. Previously there were outfitted by Uhlsport, a German apparel company. The JFF has received significant support from the United Arab Emirates-based sporting company, through a kit contract which will see all 11 national teams, both male and female, being outfitted by Romai Sportswear.
The home kit is a yellow shirt, black shorts, and yellow socks. The away is a green, yellow, and green set. There is also a black away kit.
Honours
Competitive record
World Cup record
FIFA World Cup record | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Round | Position | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA |
1930 to 1962 |
Did Not Enter | |||||||
1966 to 1970 |
Did Not Qualify | |||||||
1974 | Withdrew | |||||||
1978 | Did Not Qualify | |||||||
1982 | Did Not Enter | |||||||
1986 | Withdrew | |||||||
1990 to 1994 |
Did Not Qualify | |||||||
1998 | Group Stage | 22nd | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
2002 to 2014 |
Did Not Qualify | |||||||
2018 | To be determined | |||||||
Total | Group Stage | 1/20 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
CONCACAF Championship record
- 1963 – 1st round
- 1965 – Did not enter
- 1967 – Did not qualify
- 1969 – 6th place
- 1971 – Did not qualify
- 1973 – Did not enter
- 1977 – Withdrew
- 1981 – Did not enter
- 1985 – Withdrew
- 1989 – Did not qualify
Gold Cup record
CONCACAF Gold Cup record | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Result | Position | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA |
1991 | Group Stage | 8th | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 12 |
1993 | Third Place | 3rd | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 10 |
1996 | Did Not Qualify | |||||||
1998 | Fourth Place | 4th | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 4 |
2000 | Group Stage | 12th | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
2002 | Did Not Qualify | |||||||
2003 | Quarter-Finals | 7th | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
2005 | Quarter-Finals | 8th | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 10 |
2007 | Did Not Qualify | |||||||
2009 | Group Stage | 10th | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
2011 | Quarter-Finals | 5th | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 2 |
2013 | Did Not Qualify | |||||||
2015 | Runners-up | 2nd | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 6 |
Total | 4/9 | 0 titles | 35 | 13 | 5 | 18 | 40 | 55 |
Caribbean Cup record
- 1989 – Did not qualify
- 1990 – Tournament abandoned before third place match, which Jamaica was due to play
- 1991 – Winners
- 1992 – Second place
- 1993 – Second place
- 1994 – Did not qualify
- 1995 – Group stage
- 1996 – Group stage
- 1997 – Third place
- 1998 – Winners
- 1999 – Third place shared
- 2001 – Group stage
- 2005 – Winners
- 2007 – Did not qualify
- 2008 – Winners
- 2010 – Winners
- 2012 – Group stage
- 2014 – Winners
Copa América record
The Copa América includes two invited teams, with Jamaica first appearing as an invitee for the 2015 tournament. In addition, they have qualified as winners of the 2014 Caribbean Cup for the special Centernario tournament in 2016.
- 2015 – Group Stage (as invitees)
- Centenario, 2016 – Qualified
Schedule and recent results
Matches in last 12 months, as well as any future scheduled matches
2015
27 March 2015 Friendly | Jamaica | 2–1 | Venezuela | Montego Bay, Jamaica |
Barnes 15' Mattocks 58' |
Report | Cichero 13' | Stadium: Montego Bay Sports Complex Attendance: 2,000 Referee: Kimbell Ward (Saint Kitts and Nevis) |
30 March 2015 Friendly | Jamaica | 3–0 | Cuba | Montego Bay, Jamaica |
Gordon 1' Parkes 10' Mattocks 34' |
Report | Stadium: Montego Bay Sports Complex |
13 June 2015 2015 Copa América | Uruguay | 1–0 | Jamaica | Antofagasta, Chile |
16:00 (UTC−3) | C. Rodríguez 51' | Report | Stadium: Estadio Regional de Antofagasta Attendance: 8,653 Referee: José Argote (Venezuela) |
16 June 2015 2015 Copa América | Paraguay | 1–0 | Jamaica | Antofagasta, Chile |
18:00 (UTC−3) | E. Benítez 35' | Report | Stadium: Estadio Regional de Antofagasta Attendance: 6,099 Referee: Carlos Vera (Ecuador) |
20 June 2015 2015 Copa América | Argentina | 1–0 | Jamaica | Viña del Mar, Chile |
18:30 (UTC−3) | Higuaín 11' | Report | Stadium: Estadio Sausalito Referee: Julio Bascuñán (Chile) |
8 July 2015 2015 Gold Cup | Costa Rica | 2–2 | Jamaica | Carson, United States |
20:00 (UTC−4) | Miller 33' Ramírez 37' |
Report | McCleary 13' McAnuff 48' |
Stadium: StubHub Center Attendance: 22,648 Referee: Fernando Guerrero (Mexico) |
11 July 2015 2015 Gold Cup | Jamaica | 1–0 | Canada | Houston, United States |
18:30 (UTC−4) | Austin 90+2' | Report | Stadium: BBVA Compass Stadium Referee: Yadel Martinez (Cuba) |
14 July 2015 2015 Gold Cup | Jamaica | 1–0 | El Salvador | Toronto, Canada |
18:00 (UTC−4) | McCleary 71' | Report | Stadium: BMO Field Attendance: 16,674 Referee: Walter López (Guatemala) |
18 July 2015 2015 Gold Cup | Haiti | 0–1 | Jamaica | Baltimore, United States |
20:00 (UTC−4) | Report | Barnes 6' | Stadium: M&T Bank Stadium Attendance: 37,994 Referee: César Ramos (Mexico) |
22 July 2015 2015 Gold Cup | United States | 1–2 | Jamaica | Atlanta, United States |
18:00 (UTC−4) | Bradley 47' | Report | Mattocks 30' Barnes 35' |
Stadium: Georgia Dome Referee: Ricardo Montero (Costa Rica) |
26 July 2015 2015 Gold Cup | Jamaica | 1–3 | Mexico | Philadelphia, United States |
19:30 (UTC−4) | Mattocks 80' | Report | Guardado 31' J. M. Corona 47' Peralta 61' |
Stadium: Lincoln Financial Field Attendance: 68,930 Referee: Joel Aguilar (El Salvador) |
4 September 2015 2018 World Cup Qualification | Jamaica | 2–3 | Nicaragua | Kingston, Jamaica |
Mattocks 69' Mariappa 78' |
Report | Rosas 5' (pen.) Chavarría 8' Galeano 48' |
Stadium: Independence Park Referee: Marlon Mejía (El Salvador) |
8 September 2015 2018 World Cup Qualification | Nicaragua | 0–2 | Jamaica | Managua, Nicaragua |
Report | Mattocks 13' Dawkins 90' |
Stadium: Dennis Martínez National Stadium Referee: Oscar Reyna (Guatemala) |
13 October 2015 Friendly | South Korea | 3–0 | Jamaica | Seoul, South Korea |
Ji Dong-won 34' Ki Sung-yueng 55' (pen.) Hwang Ui-jo 63' |
Stadium: Seoul World Cup Stadium,Seoul Attendance: 28,105 |
13 November 2015 2018 FIFA World Cup Q | Jamaica | 0–2 | Panama | Kingston, Jamaica |
Report | Quintero 43' Cooper 52' |
Stadium: Independence Park Referee: Roberto García Orozco (Mexico) |
17 November 2015 2018 FIFA World Cup Q | Haiti | 0–1 | Jamaica | Port au Prince, Haiti |
Donaldson 63' | Stadium: Stade Sylvio Cator Referee: Javier Santos (Puerto Rico) |
2016
25 March 2016 2018 FIFA World Cup Q | Jamaica | 1-1 | Costa Rica | Kingston, Jamaica |
Watson 16' | Acosta 67' | Stadium: The Office, Independence Park |
29 March 2016 2018 FIFA World Cup Q | Costa Rica | 3-0 | Jamaica | Costa Rica |
Borges 7' Ruiz 38' Venegas 77' |
5 June 2016 Copa América Centenario | Venezuela | v | Jamaica | Chicago |
Stadium: Soldier Field |
9 June 2016 Copa América Centenario | Mexico | v | Jamaica | Pasadena |
Stadium: Rose Bowl |
13 June 2016 Copa América Centenario | Jamaica | v | Uruguay | Santa Clara |
Stadium: Levi's Stadium |
2 September 2016 2018 FIFA World Cup Q | Panama | v | Jamaica | Panama |
6 September 2016 2018 FIFA World Cup Q | Jamaica | v | Haiti | Kingston, Jamaica |
- Key
Win Draw Loss
Players
Current squad
The following 40 players were preselected for Copa América Centenario
Caps and goals as of March 29, 2016 after the game against Costa Rica.
Recent call-ups
The following players have also been called up to the Jamaica squad in the past 12 months.
Pos. | Player | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Goals | Club | Latest call-up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GK | Dwayne Miller | 14 July 1987 | 38 | 0 | Syrianska | v. Nicaragua, 3 September 2015 |
GK | Damion Hyatt | 23 December 1985 | 0 | 0 | Arnett Gardens | 2015 Copa América preliminary squad |
DF | Shaun Cummings | 25 February 1989 | 2 | 0 | Millwall | v. South Korea, 13 October 2015 |
DF | Lance Laing | 28 February 1988 | 10 | 0 | Minnesota United | v. South Korea, 13 October 2015 |
DF | Richard Dixon | 23 February 1990 | 0 | 0 | Saint Louis | 2015 Copa América preliminary squad |
MF | Daniel Gordon | 16 January 1985 | 5 | 1 | Karlsruher | 2015 Copa América |
FW | Deshorn Brown | 22 December 1990 | 14 | 2 | Vålerenga | v. South Korea, 13 October 2015 |
FW | Michael Seaton | 1 May 1996 | 13 | 2 | Portland Timbers | v. South Korea, 13 October 2015 |
FW | Dino Williams | 31 March 1990 | 8 | 0 | Indy Eleven | 2015 Copa América |
Records
- As of March 29 2016
- Players in bold text are still active with Jamaica.
|
|
UB40s
The term UB40 is used in Jamaica to describe players born in the United Kingdom who have gone on to represent Jamaica at international football. The term is a nod to the reggae band UB40 whose members were born in the United Kingdom.[12][13]
Managers
Current coaching staff
Name | Nat | Position |
---|---|---|
Winfried Schäfer [17] | Head coach | |
Miguel Coley | Assistant coach | |
Warren Barrett | Goalkeeping coach | |
Patrick Walters | National Coordinator | |
Roy Simpson | Team Manager | |
Linnel McLean | Head of delegation |
Manager history
This article is missing information about section.(June 2015) |
Name | From | To |
---|---|---|
Geoffrey Maxwell | 1989 | 1990 |
Carl Brown | 1990 | July 1994 |
René Simões | August 1994 | February 2000 |
Sebastião Lazaroni | March 2000 | May 2000 |
Clovis De Olivera | June 2000 | September 2001 |
Carl Brown | December 2001 | August 2004 |
Sebastião Lazaroni | August 2004 | November 2004 |
Wendell Downswell | November 2004 | August 2006 |
Carl Brown | September 2006 | October 2006 |
Bora Milutinović | November 2006 | November 2007 |
Theodore Whitmore | December 2007 | January 2008 |
René Simões | January 2008 | October 2008 |
Theodore Whitmore | October 2008 | November 2008 |
John Barnes | December 2008 | May 2009 |
Theodore Whitmore | June 2009 | June 2013 |
Winfried Schäfer | June 2013 | present |
References
- ^ "Reggae Boyz". The Jamaica Football Federation. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- ^ Courtney, Barrie (5 June 2006). "Jamaica – List of International Matches". RSSSF. Retrieved 3 November 2010.
- ^ "Jamaica Men's National Football Team International Record". Jamaica Football Federation. Retrieved 3 November 2010.
- ^ "Reggae Boyz defeat T&T to take 2014 Caribbean Cup – News". Jamaica Observer.
- ^ "Mexico 0–0 Jamaica Match Report". fifa.com. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- ^ "History of Jamaica's Football". Jamaica Football Federation's. Retrieved 1 November 2010.
- ^ "The Reggae Boyz, Jamaica Football History and World Cup Qualifying Results". thereggaeboyz.com.
- ^ "Offers already rolling in for unemployed Eriksson". 9 July 2006. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
- ^ "Winning mentality – New coach Schafer says that's what it will take – Sport". Jamaica Observer.
- ^ http://www.jamaicafootballfederation.com/v1/statement-from-the-jff-re-technical-director/
- ^ a b Mamrud, Roberto. "Jamaica – Record International Players". RSSSF. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
- ^ Wright, Nodley (24 August 2000). "Hall hangs up internation [sic] boots". Jamaica Gleaner. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Player profiles – Jamaica 1998". Sports Illustrated. 1998. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
- ^ https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/sport/Brazilians-booted----Gama--Bracali-casualties-of-Carib-Cup-calamity_13313939
- ^ "Montesso appointed Reggae Boyz technical director – Sport". Jamaica Observer.
- ^ "Whitmore fired... Reggae Boyz coach asked to resign". Jamaica Gleaner.
- ^ "Schafer arrives today for new stint as national football coach – Sport". Jamaica Observer.
- ^ "VIDEO:Gama returns as Reggae Boyz TD". Jamaica Observer. Retrieved 13 May 2011.