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Jezebel (1938 film)

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Jezebel
Theatrical release poster
Directed byWilliam Wyler
Screenplay by
Based onJezebel
(1933 play)
by Owen Davis Sr.
Produced byWilliam Wyler
Starring
CinematographyErnest Haller
Edited byWarren Low
Music byMax Steiner
Production
company
Distributed byWarner Bros. Pictures
Release dates
  • March 10, 1938 (1938-03-10) (New York City)
  • March 26, 1938 (1938-03-26) (United States)
Running time
103 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$1.25 million[1]

Jezebel is a 1938 American romantic drama film released by Warner Bros. Pictures and directed by William Wyler.[2] It stars Bette Davis and Henry Fonda, with George Brent, Margaret Lindsay, Donald Crisp, Fay Bainter, Richard Cromwell, Henry O'Neill, and Spring Byington in supporting roles.

The screenplay was adapted by Clements Ripley, Abem Finkel, and John Huston from the 1933 play by Owen Davis Sr. The film tells the story of Julie Marsden, a headstrong, young woman during the Antebellum period whose actions cost her Preston Dillard, the man she loves.

In 2009, Jezebel was included in the annual selection of 25 motion pictures added to the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant and recommended for preservation.[3][4][5][2]

Plot

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Fonda and Davis in a trailer for the film
Julie waiting to see Pres on his return from the North

In 1852 New Orleans, spoiled, strong-willed belle Julie Marsden is engaged to banker Preston "Pres" Dillard. In retaliation for Pres refusing to leave an important business meeting to accompany her to the last fitting of her ball gown, Julie buys a brazen red satin dress. The Olympus Ball is the most important social event of the year, and unmarried women are expected to wear virginal white. All of Julie's friends are shocked by her choice of red, but no one can dissuade her from wearing it.

At the ball, Julie's attire is met with shock and disgust by all. She begs Pres to take her away, but instead he forces her to dance with him while the other couples abandon the floor. Pres later leaves Julie, implicitly breaking their engagement. In a final act of spite, Julie slaps him in the face. He later goes north on business, and Julie secludes herself at home.

A year later, Pres returns, and Julie comes back to life. She plans a celebratory homecoming party in his honor and prepares to humble herself before him. What Julie does not know is that Pres is accompanied by his new wife Amy Bradford. Stung, Julie prods her longtime admirer, skilled duelist Buck Cantrell, to quarrel with Pres. The scheme goes awry as Pres's younger brother Ted is goaded into challenging Buck. Julie tries to get Buck to skip the duel, but to no avail. To everyone's surprise, it is Buck who is killed.

In the meantime, a deadly yellow fever epidemic breaks out in New Orleans. The people fight it with cannon and smoke. They believe the fever is highly contagious, and a rigid quarantine mandates that those trying to escape the city be shot. Pres is stricken and is ordered to be sent to the leper colony on Lazaret Island. Julie sneaks into the city to nurse Pres. Later, the family arrives, having been granted a pass to enter New Orleans.

When the leper wagon comes to pick up Pres, his wife Amy begs to accompany him, but Julie tells her that she is too unfamiliar with Southern culture to be able to deal with the desperate conditions and people there. Julie begs to go in her place to try to redeem herself. Before agreeing, Amy asks if Pres still loves Julie. Julie declares that he loves only his wife. Amy blesses them, and Julie accompanies Pres on a wagon loaded with other victims and caregivers.

Cast

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Bette Davis as Julie Marsden Henry Fonda as Preston Dillard
George Brent as Buck Cantrell Donald Crisp as Dr. Livingstone
Fay Bainter as Aunt Belle Massey

Background

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Turner Classic Movies states that the lead role of Julie Marsden was offered as compensation for Bette Davis after she failed to win the part of Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939),[6] but David O. Selznick never seriously considered her for it. Jezebel was her second win for the Academy Award for Best Actress after winning for Dangerous three years earlier.[7][2]

Selznick reportedly hired Max Steiner to score Gone with the Wind on the strength of his work on Jezebel.[8] Warner Bros. Pictures originally sought to cast Cary Grant for the role of Preston Dillard, but the studio balked at his salary demand of $75,000 and cast Henry Fonda.

Reception

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Bette Davis in the titular role

Contemporary reviews were generally positive and praised Davis' performance, but some found her character Julie's redemption at the end of the film to be unconvincing.

The movie premiered at the Radio City Music Hall, and Frank S. Nugent of The New York Times wrote that the film "would have been considerably more effective...if its heroine had remained unregenerate to the end. Miss Davis can be malignant when she chooses, and it is a shame to temper that gift for feminine spite...It is still an interesting film, though, in spite of our sniffs at its climax."[9]

Variety reported that the film was "not without its charm" and "even completely captivating" at times, but found it detracting that the main character "suddenly metamorphoses into a figure of noble sacrifice and complete contriteness" and described the ending as "rather suspended and confusing."[10]

The Film Daily called it "a really outstanding screen triumph for Bette Davis. She plays an emotional role that calls for running the gamut of emotions, and she handles the part with consummate artistry."[11]

Harrison's Reports called it "Powerful dramatic entertainment...It is not what one would call cheerful entertainment, and may not appeal to the rank and file, but it should please those who like good acting."[12]

John Mosher of The New Yorker wrote, "Something went wrong with Jezebel, possibly nothing more than the plot, and all its rich dressing-up can't make it alive...no scene quite comes off, and at the end, when the she-devil suddenly turns into a saint and a martyr, one isn't even interested. This Jezebel just seems daffy."[13]

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 94% based on 23 reviews, with an average rating of 7.6/10.[14]

Accolades

[edit]
Bette Davis in Jezebel
Award Category Recipient Result Ref.
Academy Awards Outstanding Production Warner Bros. Nominated [15]
Best Actress Bette Davis Won
Best Supporting Actress Fay Bainter Won
Best Cinematography Ernest Haller Nominated
Best Scoring Max Steiner Nominated
National Board of Review Awards Top Ten Films Jezebel 8th Place [16]
National Film Preservation Board National Film Registry Inducted [17]
Venice International Film Festival Mussolini Cup (Best Foreign Film) William Wyler Nominated
Special Recommendation Won

In 2002, the film ranked No. 79 on AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions.[18]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Top Films and Stars". Variety. January 4, 1939. p. 10.
  2. ^ a b c O'Dell, Cary (April 19, 2023). "Happy Birthday Bette Davis–You "Jezebel"!". Now See Hear! National Audio-Visual Conservation Center. Library of Congress. Retrieved August 17, 2023.
  3. ^ "25 new titles added to National Film Registry". Yahoo! News. December 30, 2009. Retrieved December 30, 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  4. ^ "Complete National Film Registry Listing". Library of Congress. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  5. ^ "Michael Jackson, the Muppets and Early Cinema Tapped for Preservation in 2009 Library of Congress National Film Registry". Library of Congress. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  6. ^ "Jezebel: Trivia". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on August 24, 2011.
  7. ^ Haver, Ronald (1980). David O. Selznick's Hollywood. Bonanza Books. p. 243. ISBN 978-0-5174-7665-9.
  8. ^ "Jezebel (1938) – Articles". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on August 24, 2011. Retrieved October 15, 2022.
  9. ^ The New York Times Film Reviews, Volume 2: 1932–1938. New York: The New York Times & Arno Press. 1970. p. 1479.
  10. ^ "Film Reviews". Variety. March 16, 1938. p. 15. Retrieved January 28, 2024.
  11. ^ "Reviews". The Film Daily. March 11, 1938. p. 6.
  12. ^ "Jezebel". Harrison's Reports. March 26, 1938. p. 50. Retrieved January 28, 2024.
  13. ^ Mosher, John (March 19, 1938). "The Current Cinema". The New Yorker. pp. 73–74.
  14. ^ "Jezebel". Rotten Tomatoes.
  15. ^ "The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 16, 2011.
  16. ^ "1938 Award Winners". National Board of Review. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
  17. ^ "Complete National Film Registry Listing". Library of Congress. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  18. ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions" (PDF). American Film Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 24, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2016.

Bibliography

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jezebel (film).
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