John Leonard Orr
John Leonard Orr | |
|---|---|
| Born | April 26, 1949 |
| Other names | The Pillow Pyro |
| Occupation(s) | Fire captain, arson investigator |
| Conviction(s) | Arson, mass murder |
| Criminal penalty | Life imprisonment |
| Details | |
| Date | October 10, 1984 |
| Killed | 4 |
| Weapons | Incendiary timing-device |
John Leonard Orr (born April 26, 1949) is a former fire captain and arson investigator for the Glendale Fire Department in Southern California and novelist who was indicted and later convicted for serial arson. Orr had originally wanted to be a police officer, but had failed his entrance exam; instead he became a dedicated fire investigator and career fire officer. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s Los Angeles was plagued by a series of fires that cost millions of dollars in damages and claimed four lives. John Orr was found to be the cause of most of those fires.[1] During his arson spree, Orr was given the nickname The Pillow Pyro by arson investigators.[2]
His modus operandi was to set fires using an incendiary timing-device, usually comprising a lit cigarette, three matches wrapped in ruled yellow writing paper and secured by a rubber band, in stores while they were open and populated. He would set small fires often in the grassy hills, in order to draw firefighters, leaving fires set in more congested areas unattended.
1984 South Pasadena fire
On October 10, 1984, in South Pasadena, California, a major fire broke out at an Ole's Home Center hardware store located in a shopping plaza.[3] The store was completely destroyed by the fire, and four people died in the blaze, including a two-year-old child named Mathew. On the following day, arson investigators from around southern California converged on the destroyed store, and declared the cause to be an electrical fire.[4] However, John Orr, as an arson investigator, insisted that the cause was arson.
Investigations later showed that the fire started in highly-flammable polyurethane products, which caught fire very quickly, causing the fire to flashover very rapidly.[5] After his arrest in 1991 and subsequent conviction for a series of other arson fires not related to the 1984 Ole's fire, Orr was charged with arson in the blaze by investigators due to a forensic re-evaluation of the causes of the fire, circumstantial evidence and a highly detailed description of a similar fire in his novel Points of Origin that bore several almost perfect similarities with the real-life 1984 fire. Orr was convicted and sentenced to life in prison in 1998.[6]
Investigation
In January 1987, a convention for arson investigators from California was held in the city of Fresno. During and after the convention, several suspicious fires were set in Bakersfield.[7] This, combined with the recovery of a single unmatched fingerprint left on a piece of notebook paper as part of a time-delay incendiary device,[8] led Captain Marvin G. Casey of the Bakersfield Fire Department (BFD) to suspect that an arson investigator from the Los Angeles area was responsible for these arsons.[9]
During March 1989, another series of arsons was committed along the California coast in close conjunction with a conference of arson investigators in Pacific Grove, California.[10] By comparing the list of attendees from the Fresno conference with the list of attendees at the Pacific Grove conference, Captain Casey of the BFD was able to create a short list of ten suspects. Orr was on Casey's short list, but all of the people on this short list were cleared of suspicion when their fingerprints were compared with the fingerprint that Casey had recovered from the piece of notebook paper found at one of the arson crime scenes.[11]
In late 1990 and early 1991, another series of arson fires broke out in southern California, this time in and around the Los Angeles metropolitan area.[12] As a result, a large task force, nicknamed the Pillow Pyro Task Force (a reference to the arson fires set in pillows) was formed to apprehend the arsonist.[13] On March 29, 1991, Tom Campuzanno of the Los Angeles Arson Task Force circulated a flier at a meeting of the Fire Investigators Regional Strike Team (FIRST), an organization formed by a group of smaller cities in and around Los Angeles County that did not have their own staff of arson investigators. The flier described the modus operandi of the suspected serial arsonist in the Los Angeles area. Scott Baker of the California State Fire Marshal's Office was at that meeting and told Campuzanno about the series of arsons investigated by Captain Casey of the BFD and about Casey's suspicions that the perpetrator was an arson investigator from the Los Angeles area. Consequently, Campuzanno and two of his colleagues met with Casey, obtained a copy of the fingerprint that Casey had recovered, and matched it to John Leonard Orr on April 17, 1991.[14]
Orr then became a serious arson suspect and the subject of investigation and surveillance for several months.[15] Orr was alerted to this surveillance effort on May 3, 1991, when he discovered and removed a tracking device that belonged to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) hidden under the bumper of the vehicle he was driving.[16] However, Orr was apparently unaware of the fact that a Teletrac tracking device was later installed behind his dashboard when he brought his city vehicle for service on November 22, 1991. Meanwhile, a federal grand jury handed down an indictment, and shortly thereafter Orr was present at the scene of a suspicious fire, so a decision was made to end the surveillance, obtain an arrest warrant, and effect an arrest.[17] Orr was arrested on December 4, 1991.[18]
Trial
On July 31, 1992, a jury in a federal court convicted Orr of three counts of arson in a five count indictment, and the judge in that case sentenced Orr to three consecutive terms of ten years in prison.[19] However, Orr maintained and still maintains his innocence, notwithstanding his subsequent guilty plea on March 24, 1993 to three more counts of arson pursuant to a plea bargain agreement for an eight count indictment that probably would have seen him paroled from federal prison in the year 2002.[20]
On June 25, 1998, a jury in a California state court convicted Orr of four counts of first-degree murder from the 1984 hardware store fire with special circumstances in a twenty-five count indictment, deadlocking on only one of the twenty-five counts, which was subsequently dismissed at the request of the prosecution.[5] When asked to sentence Orr to the death penalty, the same state court jury deadlocked eight to four in favor, and the judge in that prosecution sentenced Orr to life plus 20 years in prison without the possibility of parole.
After the trial, and legacy
Orr is currently serving time in California State Prison, Centinela to serve the remainder of his life sentence.[21]
Some arson investigators and an FBI criminal profiler have deemed Orr to be possibly one of the worst American serial arsonists of the twentieth century.[22] Federal ATF agent Mike Matassa believes that Orr set nearly 2,000 fires between 1984 and 1991.[23] Furthermore, arson investigators cited that after Orr was arrested, the number of brush fires in the nearby foothill areas decreased by over ninety percent.[8]
The story of John Orr has been chronicled by bestselling true crime author Joseph Wambaugh in a book entitled Fire Lover.[23] On several occasions, film and television have also presented the story of Orr's arson activities and eventual arrest and criminal conviction. An episode of the PBS science series Nova titled "Hunt for the Serial Arsonist" (aired November 14, 1995) chronicled the story of John Orr.[24] In addition, the investigation that led to Orr's arrest and conviction was recounted on the episode "Diary of a Serial Arsonist" A&E Network's true crime series Cold Case Files.[25] Most notably, a film entitled Point of Origin starring Ray Liotta as John Orr was released by HBO in 2002. The title of the film is a reference to a novel of the same name written by Orr about a serial arsonist who is also a fireman. Arson investigators believe that Orr's novel chronicles real acts of arson due to similarities with fires that they believe Orr actually set.[23] Orr states that the novel is a work of fiction and has no relation to any actual events.[12] In an interview, defending his manuscript, Orr has expressly stated:
"The character of Aaron Stiles was a composite of arsonists I arrested."
However, a retired L.A. Arson Investigator informed Mr. Wambaugh that Aaron Stiles is an anagram for "I set L.A. arson".
References
- ^ Petherick, Wayne (2006). Serial Crime: Theoretical and Practical Issues in Behavioral Profiling. New York, N.Y: Academic Press. p. 256. ISBN 0-06-009528-8.
- ^ Janet Maslin (2002-05-20). ""Books of the Times; A Firefighter Unable to Resist the Flame" - NY Times, May 20, 2002". New York Times. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
- ^ Wambaugh, Joseph (2003). Fire Lover. New York, N.Y: Avon books. ISBN 0-06-009528-8.
- ^ Wambaugh. p.17
- ^ a b "Firehouse Magazine Archives September 1998". Firehouse.com. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
- ^ Wambaugh. p.385
- ^ Wambaugh. p.66
- ^ a b Petherick. p.242
- ^ "LA Times. October 29, 2007". Latimes.com. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
- ^ Wambaugh. p.71
- ^ Wambaugh. p.74
- ^ a b "Additional material for Court TV's documentary, "The Firestarter - John Orr"". Courttv.com. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
- ^ Wambaugh. p.105
- ^ Wambaugh. p.110
- ^ "TR-141 Special Report: Firefighter Arson" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-02-07.
- ^ Wambaugh. p.125
- ^ ""Arson Investigator-Novelist Is Charged With Setting Fires" - NY TIMES, December 20, 1991". Glendale (Calif): New York Times. 1991-12-20. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
- ^ Wambaugh. p.151
- ^ Wambaugh. p.216
- ^ Wambaugh. p.227
- ^ Wambaugh. p.388
- ^ Wambaugh. p.1
- ^ a b c "Arson: The Scorched-Earth Obsession - Newsweek Magazine, November 5, 2007.
- ^ Hunt for the Serial Arsonist: Program Overview. PBS. Accessed June 29, 2012.
- ^ Diary of a Serial Arsonist/Lost Clue episode preview. A&E Television Networks. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
External links
- Court TV - The Firestarter - John Orr - In depth coverage with video, documents, and annotated links.
- John Leonard Orr at the Notable Names Database.
- Inside the Mind of a Serial Arsonist- The Profiling of John Leonard Orr - An article discussing the story of John Orr and how the FBI profiles serial arsonists, as well as a section on the similarities between serial arsonists and serial killers and how fire investigators can use their profiles to an advantage.