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José Campeche

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José Campeche y Jordán
José Campeche
(Self-portrait)
Born
José Campeche Jordán

(1751-12-03)December 3, 1751
San Juan, Puerto Rico
DiedNovember 7, 1809(1809-11-07) (aged 57)
San Juan, Puerto Rico
EducationTrained by Luis Paret y Alcázar
Known forPainting
Notable work
  • Virgen de la Soledad de la Victoria
  • Our Lady of Bethlehem
  • The Virgin of the Rosary
  • Saint John the Baptist
  • The Sacred Family
  • The Bishop of San Francisco de la Cuerda
  • The Vision of Saint Anthony
  • The Shipwreck of Power in honor of Ramón Power y Giralt
MovementRococo

José Campeche y Jordán[note 1] (December 23, 1751 – November 7, 1809) is the first known Puerto Rican visual artist and considered by art critics as one of the best Rococo artists in the Americas. Campeche y Jordán loved to use colors that referenced the landscape of Puerto Rico, as well as the social and political crème de la crème.[1][2]

Early life

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Campeche was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico. His parents were Tomás Campeche (1701–1780) and María Jordán y Marqués. His father was a freed slave-born in Puerto Rico and his mother was a native of the Canary Islands, so he was therefore considered to be mulato.[3] His father was a gilder who restored and painted religious statues,[4] and had an influence on the young Campeche's interest in the arts. Campeche was trained by Luis Paret y Alcázar, a Spanish court painter banished from Spain.[2][5][6]

Paintings

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In addition to his public work on churches and chapels throughout the island, Campeche distinguished himself with his paintings related to religious themes and of governors and other important figures. His work forms part of the art collections in the Ponce Museum of Art (MAP) and the Museum of Art of Puerto Rico (MAPR) in San Juan. Another large bulk of his work forms part of the Teodoro Vidal Collection of Puerto Rican History of the Smithsonian American Art Museum.[7] His most famous paintings and his best known portraits are of:[2][5][6]

Importance

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Not only did the Puerto Rican society of the time appreciate Campeche's personal and artistic merits but he is now considered to be amongst the most gifted rococo artists in the Americas. His works of art can be found in museums, churches and chapels, such as Capilla del Cristo in San Juan, and in private collections in Puerto Rico and Venezuela. Campeche died in the city of San Juan on November 7, 1809.[5][6]

José Campeche is also the namesake of Campechada, an annual cultural event dedicated to promotion and preservation of the arts, music and cultural heritage of Puerto Rico that was founded by the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture and has been celebrated since 2011.[8]

High-resolution images of works of art from Puerto Rico's museums are being digitized and made available online with the help of the Institute, Google Arts & Culture, Lin Manuel Miranda and other stakeholders. 350 such works were available online by November 7, 2019 including many works by José Campeche.[9][10][11][12]

Commemorations

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Notes

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  1. ^
    In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Campeche and the second or maternal family name is Jordán.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Tatum, Charles M. (2014). Encyclopedia of Latino Culture: From Calaveras to Quinceañeras. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-440-80099-3. OCLC 882253127. 882253127
  2. ^ a b c "José Campeche | Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico". www.mapr.org. Archived from the original on 2020-01-30. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
  3. ^ Puerto Rico. Office of Historian (1949). Tesauro de datos historicos: indice compendioso de la literatura histórica de Puerto Rico, incluyendo algunos datos inéditos, periodísticos y cartográficos (in Spanish). Impr. del Gobierno de Puerto Rico vol. 2. p. 10. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  4. ^ "Revista del Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña". Issuu. 13 October 2016. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  5. ^ a b c d "José Campeche y Jordán | Smithsonian American Art Museum". americanart.si.edu. Archived from the original on 2022-10-29. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
  6. ^ a b c d El Nuevo Dia Archived July 18, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ "Teodoro Vidal Collection of Puerto Rican History | Smithsonian Institution". www.si.edu. Retrieved 2025-10-09.
  8. ^ "CAMPECHADA". Archivo Virtual del Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-10-09.
  9. ^ Katz, Leslie (7 November 2019). "Lin-Manuel Miranda and Google introduce Puerto Rican art to everyone". CNET. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  10. ^ "Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, San Juan, Puerto Rico". Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  11. ^ "Una plataforma de Google digitalizará sobre 2,000 pinturas en Puerto Rico". El Nuevo Dia (in Spanish). 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  12. ^ "The Pictorial Solemnity of Campeche - Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña". Google Arts & Culture. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  13. ^ "After Hurricane Maria, struggling schools are a haven for students". wbir.com.[permanent dead link]
  14. ^ Nazario, Keysha (January 24, 2020). "26 Escuelas de Bayamón Podrán Abrir". Ciudad de Bayamón.
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