Julius Kollmann

Julius Kollmann (24 February 1834, Holzheim am Forst – 24 June 1918, Basel) was a German anatomist, zoologist and anthropologist.

He studied at the Universities of Munich and Berlin, then furthered his education in London and Paris. In 1859 he received his doctorate, qualifying as lecturer at Munich in 1862. Beginning in 1878, he served as a full professor of anatomy at the University of Basel. In 1888 he was chosen as university rector.

Known for his work in the fields of descriptive anatomy and histology, he eventually became associated with studies involving evolutionary theory, developmental history and anthropology. As an anthropologist, he conducted analyses of prehistoric skulls found at Auvernier and Schweizersbild. In 1884 Kollmann introduced the term "neoteny" to define the transformation process where animals such as newts mature sexually while still in the larval form.

Selected works

• Atlas Der Allgemeinen Thierischen Gewebelehre Herausgegeben, 1861 (with Theodor von Hessling) Atlas of general animal histology.
• Mechanik des menschlichen Körpers, 1874 - Mechanics of the human body.
• Plastische Anatomie des menschlichen Körpers, 1886 - Plastic anatomy and the human body.
• Schädel aus alten Gräbern bei Genf (Corsier, Vernier, La Cluse, Petit Sacconez): Zwei Schädel aus Pfahlbauten und die Bedeutung desjenigen von Auvernier für die Rassenanatomie, 1886 - Skulls from ancient burial sites near Geneva.
• Lehrbuch der Entwickelungsgeschichte des Menschen, 1898 - Textbook on the developmental history of humans.
• Crania Ethnica Philippinica. Ein Beitrag Zur Anthropologie Der Philippinen, 1901 - "Crania Ethnica Philippinica", Contribution to the anthropology of the Philippines.
• Der Mensch vom Schweizersbild, 1901 - The human remains from Schweizersbild.
• Pygmaeen in Europa und Amerika, 1902 - Pygmies in Europe and America.
• Handatlas der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen, 1907 - Hand-atlas on the developmental history of humans.