Lambeth Homilies
The Lambeth Homilies are a collection of homilies found in a manuscript (MS Lambeth 487) in the Lambeth Palace Library in Lambeth, England. The collection contains seventeen sermons and is notable for being one of the latest examples of Old English, written as it was c. 1200, well into the period of Middle English.[1]
Date and provenance
Julius P. Gilson of the British Museum dated the manuscript 1185–1225.[1] It is copied from two very different exemplars in different orthographies, both from the twelfth century and both from the same area in the West Midlands; the older (E) contains eleventh-century documents transliterated into Middle English; the newer (L) contains only Middle English texts.[2] Until R. M. Wilson's 1935 investigation of the dialect, the collection was thought to be written in the Middlesex dialect of the London area; Wilson's West Midlands provenance is generally accepted.[3]
Since the devotional poem "On Ureisun of ure Louerde" ("An orison of Our Lord") which concludes the manuscript, is usually "associated with a group of texts written for or by women", it is considered possible that the manuscript was owned by a thirteenth-century woman.[4] Hope Emily Allen, in a 1929 article, could not prove that the author of the Homilies was to be identified as the author of the Ancrene Wisse, a twelfth-century religious tract written for an audience of female recluses, but considered it a possibility.[5]
Contents
According to R. M. Wilson, one of the seventeen sermons (no. 7) is certainly of Middle English origin; two (nos. 9 and 10) are adaptations in Middle English of material originally in Old English. The sermons are followed by an incomplete Poema Morale and a likewise unfinished "On Ureisun of ure Louerde", a brief devotional poem.[3] The sermons are written in one hand, by the scribe who also wrote the unfinished part of the Poema Morale, which breaks off on f.65a; a different scribe started the devotional poem on f.65b.[1] It shares five sermons (and the Poema Morale) with the Trinity Homilies.[2]
Sermon no.2 incorporates material from a sermon by Wulfstan; sermons 9, 10, and 11 incorporate material by Ælfric of Eynsham. The influence of Parisian schools of rhetoric was discerned in four sermons, and especially (the use of distinctiones) in nos. 13 and 17.[6] Recent scholarship has argued that the sermons should not be read as "back-ward looking", but that they rather should be located in "the broader historical developments in preaching and pastoral reform taking place during the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries", given their interest in addressing a lay as well as a clerical audience.[7]
References
Citations
- ^ a b c Sisam, Celia (1951). "The Scribal Tradition of the Lambeth Homilies". The Review of English Studies. 2 n.s. (6): 105–13.
- ^ a b Trips, Carola (2002). From Ov to Vo in Early Middle English. John Benjamins. p. 22. ISBN 9789027227812. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
- ^ a b Wilson, R.M. (1935). "The Provenance of the Lambeth Homilies with a New Collation". Leeds Studies in English. 4: 24–43.
- ^ Swan, Mary (June 2012). "London, Lambeth Palace, 487". The Production and Use of English Manuscripts: 1060 to 1220. Retrieved 6 September 2012.
- ^ Allen, Hope Emily (1929). "On the Author of the Ancren Riwle". Publications of the Modern Language Association. 44 (3): 635–80.
- ^ Edwards 2004, p. 11.
- ^ Millett 2007, pp. 43–64.
Bibliography
- Edwards, Anthony Stockwell Garfield (2004). A Companion to Middle English Prose. DS Brewer. ISBN 9781843840183.
- Millett, Bella (2007). "The pastoral context of the Trinity and Lambeth homilies". Essays in Manuscript Geography: Vernacular Manuscripts of the English West Midlands from the Conquest to the Sixteenth Century. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe. Vol. 10. Turnhout: Brepols. pp. 43–64.
Further reading
- O'Brien, S. M. (1986). An Edition of Seven Homilies from Lambeth Palace Library MS 487 (Thesis). Oxford University thesis.
- Mindt, Dieter (1971). Der Wortschatz der Lambeth Homilies: Das Adjektiv. Braunschweiger Anglistische Arbeiten. Vol. 2. Braunschweig: Technische Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina, Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik.