List of Roman consuls
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"List of rulers of the Roman Republic" redirects here. For a list of rulers of the Roman Empire, see List of Roman Emperors.
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This is a list of Roman consuls, the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic and a high office of the Empire. If the emperor was consul, it was the highest office; if not, it was a high administrative office and remained the basis of marking time in the fasti.
For the early Roman Republic this article observes the Varronian chronology, first presented by Marcus Terentius Varro, in which Year 1 AUC becomes 754–753 BC (the Roman year was split over two modern years). The first year of the republic is 245 AUC, or 509–508 BC. This chronology came to be widely accepted; in ancient times it was used in the Fasti Capitolini, and its use by Censorinus brought it to the attention of Joseph Scaliger, whose adoption in creating a scientific chronology of ancient times made it familiar and widespread in modern times.[1] However, other ancient sources for the list of Roman Republican consuls provide different dates for both the Founding of Rome, and for names of consuls.[2]
The dates of ordinary consuls is far more certain for the Imperial period; however, because suffect consuls were not recorded with the same attention as ordinary consuls (after whom the years were named), their identification and dating is far more controversial, and despite the efforts of generations of scholars, gaps in coverage remain.
For those individuals who served as Consul (usually Suffect, but some of the consuls in the breakaway Gallic Empire lack dates[3]), but whose period in office is uncertain, see List of undated Roman consuls.
For those individuals who were elected to the office of Consul but never actually served due to death, disgrace, or any other reason prior to the commencement of their term, see List of Roman consuls designate.
Contents
- 1 Key
- 2 6th century BC
- 3 5th century BC
- 4 4th century BC
- 5 3rd century BC
- 6 2nd century BC
- 7 1st century BC
- 8 1st century AD
- 9 2nd century
- 10 3rd century
- 11 4th century
- 12 5th century
- 13 5th century -after fall of Western Empire
- 14 6th century
- 15 7th century
- 16 8th century
- 17 9th century
- 18 Notes
- 19 References
- 20 Further reading
- 21 External links
Key[edit]
Abbreviations for titles[edit]
- Imp. = Imperator
- suff. = consul suffectus (information for all suffect-consuls is not available, so some may not be listed)
Abbreviations for praenomina[edit]
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Colors[edit]
6th century BC[edit]
(Unless otherwise indicated, the names and dates for this century are taken from Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. Philological Monograph No. 15, v.1. New York: American Philological Association, 1951.)
| Year | Consul prior | Consul posterior |
|---|---|---|
| 509 | L. Junius Brutus | L. Tarquinius Collatinus |
| suff. | Sp. Lucretius Tricipitinus | P. Valerius Poplicola |
| suff. | M. Horatius Pulvillus | |
| 508 | P. Valerius Poplicola II | T. Lucretius Tricipitinus |
| 507 | P. Valerius Poplicola III | M. Horatius Pulvillus II[4] |
| 506 | Sp. Lartius (Rufus or Flavus) | T. Herminius Aquilinus[5] |
| 505 | M. Valerius Volusus | P. Postumius Tubertus |
| 504 | P. Valerius Poplicola IV | T. Lucretius Tricipitinus II |
| 503 | Agrippa Menenius Lanatus | P. Postumius Tubertus II |
| 502 | Opet. Verginius Tricostus | Sp. Cassius Viscellinus |
| 501 | Post. Cominius Auruncus | T. Lartius (Flavus or Rufus) |
5th century BC[edit]
(Unless otherwise indicated, the names and dates for this century are taken from Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. Philological Monograph No. 15. New York: American Philological Association, 1951.)
| Year | Consul prior | Consul posterior |
|---|---|---|
| 500 | Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus | M'. Tullius Longus |
| 499 | T. Aebutius Elva | C. Veturius Geminus Cicurinus |
| 498 | Q. Cloelius Siculus | T. Lartius (Flavus or Rufus) II |
| 497 | A. Sempronius Atratinus | M. Minucius Augurinus |
| 496 | A. Postumius Albus Regillensis | T. Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus |
| 495 | Ap. Claudius Sabinus Regillensis | P. Servilius Priscus Structus |
| 494 | A. Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus | T. Veturius Geminus Cicurinus |
| 494 | Dictator: M'. Valerius Maximus | |
| 493 | Post. Cominius Auruncus II | Sp. Cassius Viscellinus II |
| 492 | T. Geganius Macerinus | P. Minucius Augurinus |
| 491 | M. Minucius Augurinus II | A. Sempronius Atratinus II |
| 490 | Q. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus | Sp. Larcius (Rufus or Flavus) II[6] |
| 489 | C. Julius Iulus | P. Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus |
| 488 | Sp. Nautius Rutilus | Sex. Furius Medullinus Tuscus |
| 487 | T. Sicinius (Sabinus?) | C. Aquillius (Tuscus?) |
| 486 | Sp. Cassius Viscellinus III | Proculus Verginius Tricostus Rutilus |
| 485 | Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis | Q. Fabius Vibulanus |
| 484 | L. Aemilius Mamercus | K. Fabius Vibulanus |
| 483 | M. Fabius Vibulanus | L. Valerius Potitus |
| 482 | Q. Fabius Vibulanus II | C. Julius Iulus |
| 481 | K. Fabius Vibulanus II | Sp. Furius Medullinus Fusus |
| 480 | M. Fabius Vibulanus II | Cn. Manlius Cincinnatus |
| 479 | K. Fabius Vibulanus III | T. Verginius Tricostus Rutilus |
| 478 | L. Aemilius Mamercus II | C. Servilius Structus Ahala[7] |
| suff. | Opet. Verginius Tricostus Esquilinus[8] | |
| 477 | C. Horatius Pulvillus | T. Menenius Lanatus[9] |
| 476 | A. Verginius Tricostus Rutilus | Sp. Servilius Structus |
| 475 | P. Valerius Poplicola | C. Nautius Rutilus |
| 474 | L. Furius Medullinus | Cn. Manlius Vulso |
| 473 | L. Aemilius Mamercus III | Vop. Julius Iulus[10] |
| 472 | L. Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus | P. Furius Medullinus Fusus |
| 471 | Ap. Claudius Sabinus Regillensis | T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus |
| 470 | L. Valerius Potitus II | Ti. Aemilius Mamercus |
| 469 | T. Numicius Priscus | A. Verginius Caeliomontanus |
| 468 | T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus II | Q. Servilius Structus Priscus Structus |
| 467 | Ti. Aemilius Mamercus II | Q. Fabius Vibulanus |
| 466 | Q. Servilius Structus Priscus Structus II | Sp. Postumius Albinus Regillensis |
| 465 | Q. Fabius Vibulanus II | T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus III |
| 464 | A. Postumius Albinus Regillensis | Sp. Furius Medullinus Fusus |
| 463 | P. Servilius Priscus | L. Aebutius Elva |
| 462 | L. Lucretius Tricipitinus | T. Veturius Geminus Cicurinus |
| 461 | P. Volumnius Amintinus Gallus | Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus |
| 460 | P. Valerius Poplicola II | C. Claudius Inregillensis Sabinus |
| suff. | L. Quinctius Cincinnatus | |
| 459 | Q. Fabius Vibulanus III | L. Cornelius Maluginensis Uritinus |
| 458 | C. Nautius Rutilus II | L. Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus[11] |
| 458 | Dictator: L. Quinctius Cincinnatus | |
| 457 | C. Horatius Pulvillus II | Q. Minucius Esquilinus[12] |
| 456 | M. Valerius Maximus Lactuca | Sp. Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus |
| 455 | T. Romilius Rocus Vaticanus | C. Veturius Cicurinus |
| 454 | Sp. Tarpeius Montanus Capitolinus | A. Aternius Varus Fontinalis |
| 453 | Sex. Quinctilius | P. Curiatius Fistus Trigeminus |
| suff. | Sp. Furius Medullinus Fusus II | |
| 452 | T. Menenius Lanatus | P. Sestius Capitolinus Vaticanus |
| 451 | Ap. Claudius Crassus Sabinus Regillensis | T. Genucius Augurinus |
| Decemviri | ||
| Ap. Claudius Crassus Sabinus Regillensis | A. Manlius Vulso | |
| T. Genucius Augurinus | Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus[13] | |
| Veturius Crassus Cicurinus[14] | P. Curiatius Fistus Trigeminus | |
| P. Sestius Capitolinus Vaticanus | T. Romilius Rocus Vaticanus | |
| C. Julius Iulus | Sp. Postumius Albus Regillensis | |
| 450 | Decemviri | |
| Ap. Claudius Crassus Sabinus Regillensis II | Q. Poetelius Libo Visolus | |
| M. Cornelius Maluginensis | T. Antonius Merenda | |
| M. Sergius Esquilinus | K. Duillius | |
| L. Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus | Sp. Oppius Cornicen | |
| Q. Fabius Vibulanus | M'. Rabuleius | |
| 449 | Decemviri | |
| Ap. Claudius Crassus Sabinus Regillensis III | Q. Poetelius Libo Visolus II | |
| M. Cornelius Maluginensis II | T. Antonius Merenda II | |
| M. Sergius Esquilinus II | K. Duillius II | |
| L. Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus II | Sp. Oppius Cornicen II | |
| Q. Fabius Vibulanus II | M'. Rabuleius II | |
| L. Valerius Potitus | M. Horatius (Tu?)rrinus Barbatus | |
| 448 | Lars (or Sp.) Herminius Aquilinus (or Coritinesanus) | T. Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus |
| 447 | M. Geganius Macerinus | C. Julius Iulus |
| 446 | T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus IV | Agrippa Furius Fusus |
| 445 | M. Genucius Augurinus | C. (or Agrippa) Curtius Philo |
| 444 | Consular Tribunes | |
| A. Sempronius Atratinus | T. Cloelius Siculus | |
| L. Atilius Luscus | ||
| suff. | L. Papirius Mugillanus | L. Sempronius Atratinus[15] |
| 443 | M. Geganius Macerinus II | T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus V |
| 442 | M. Fabius Vibulanus | Post. Aebutius Elva Cornicen |
| 441 | C. Furius Pacilus Fusus | M. (or M'.) Papirius Crassus |
| 440 | Proc. Geganius Macerinus | L. Menenius Lanatus or: T. Menenius Lanatus II[16] |
| 439 | Agrippa Menenius Lanatus | T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus VI |
| 439 | Dictator: L. Quinctius Cincinnatus | |
| 438 | Consular Tribunes | |
| Mam. Aemilius Macerinus | L. Julius Iulus | |
| L. Quinctius Cincinnatus | ||
| 437 | M. Geganius Macerinus III | L. Sergius Fidenas |
| suff. | M. Valerius Lactuca Maximus | |
| 436 | L. Papirius Crassus | M. Cornelius Maluginensis |
| 435 | C. Julius Iulus II | L. Verginius Tricostus |
| 434 | C. Julius Iulus III | L. Verginius Tricostus II[17] |
| 433 | Consular Tribunes | |
| M. Fabius Vibulanus | L. Sergius Fidenas | |
| M. Folius Flaccinator | ||
| 432 | Consular Tribunes | |
| L. Pinarius Mamercus | Sp. Postumius Albus Regillensis | |
| L. Furius Medullinus | ||
| 431 | T. Quinctius Poenus Cincinnatus | C. Julius Mento |
| 430 | C. (or L.) Papirius Crassus (II?) | L. Julius Iulus |
| 429 | Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus | L. Sergius Fidenas II |
| 428 | A. Cornelius Cossus | T. Quinctius Poenus Cincinnatus II[18] |
| 427 | C. Servilius Structus Ahala | L. Papirius Mugillanus |
| 426 | Consular Tribunes | |
| T. Quinctius Poenus Cincinnatus | M. Postumius Albinus Regillensis | |
| C. Furius Pacilus Fusus | A. Cornelius Cossus | |
| 425 | Consular Tribunes | |
| A. Sempronius Atratinus | L. Furius Medullinus II | |
| L. Quinctius Cincinnatus II | L. Horatius Barbatus | |
| 424 | Consular Tribunes | |
| Ap. Claudius Crassus | L. Sergius Fidenas II | |
| Sp. Nautius Rutilus[19] | Sex. Julius Iulus | |
| 423 | C. Sempronius Atratinus | Q. Fabius Vibulanus |
| 422 | Consular Tribunes | |
| L. Manlius Capitolinus | L. Papirius Mugillanus | |
| Q. Antonius Merenda | ||
| 421 | Cn. Fabius Vibulanus[20] | T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus |
| 420 | Consular Tribunes | |
| Quinctius Cincinnatus[21] | M. Manlius Vulso | |
| L. Furius Medullinus III | A. Sempronius Atratinus II | |
| 419 | Consular Tribunes | |
| Agrippa Menenius Lanatus | Sp. Nautius Rutilus | |
| P. Lucretius Tricipitinus | C. Servilius Axilla | |
| 418 | Consular Tribunes | |
| L. Sergius Fidenas III | C. Servilius Axilla II | |
| M. Papirius Mugillanus | ||
| 417 | Consular Tribunes | |
| P. Lucretius Tricipitinus II | Agrippa Menenius Lanatus II | |
| Sp. Veturius Crassus[22] | C. Servilius Axilla III | |
| 416 | Consular Tribunes | |
| A. Sempronius Atratinus III | Q. Fabius Vibulanus | |
| M. Papirius Mugillanus II | Sp. Nautius Rutilus II | |
| 415 | Consular Tribunes | |
| P. Cornelius Cossus | N. Fabius Vibulanus | |
| C. Valerius Potitus Volusus | Q. Quinctius Cincinnatus | |
| 414 | Consular Tribunes | |
| Cn. Cornelius Cossus | Q. Fabius Vibulanus II | |
| L. Valerius Potitus | P. Postumius Albinus Regillensis | |
| 413 | A. Cornelius Cossus II | L. Furius Medullinus |
| 412 | Q. Fabius Vibulanus Ambustus | C. Furius Pacilus |
| 411 | M. Papirius Atratinus[23] | Sp. Nautius Rutilus |
| 410 | M'. Aemilius Mamercinus | C. Valerius Potitus Volusus |
| 409 | Cn. Cornelius Cossus | L. Furius Medullinus II |
| 408 | Consular Tribunes | |
| C. Julius Iulus | C. Servilius Ahala | |
| P. Cornelius Cossus | ||
| 407 | Consular Tribunes | |
| L. Furius Medullinus | N. Fabius Vibulanus II | |
| C. Valerius Potitus Volusus II | C. Servilius Ahala II | |
| 406 | Consular Tribunes | |
| P. Cornelius Rutilus Cossus | N. Fabius Ambustus | |
| Cn. Cornelius Cossus | L. Valerius Potitus II | |
| 405 | Consular Tribunes | |
| T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus | A. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus | |
| Q. Quinctius Cincinnatus II | L. Furius Medullinus II | |
| C. Julius Iulus II | M'. Aemilius Mamercinus | |
| 404 | Consular Tribunes | |
| C. Valerius Potitus Volusus III | Cn. Cornelius Cossus II | |
| M'. Sergius Fidenas | K. Fabius Ambustus[24] | |
| P. Cornelius Maluginensis | Sp. Nautius Rutilus III | |
| 403[25] | Consular Tribunes | |
| M'. Aemilius Mamercinus II | M. Quinctilius Varus | |
| L. Valerius Potitus III | L. Julius Iulus | |
| Ap. Claudius Crassus Inregillensis | M. Furius Fusus | |
| 402 | Consular Tribunes | |
| C. Servilius Ahala III | Q. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus | |
| Q. Servilius Fidenas | A. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus II | |
| L. Verginius Tricostus Esquilinus | M'. Sergius Fidenas II | |
| 401 | Consular Tribunes | |
| L. Valerius Potitus IV | Cn. Cornelius Cossus III | |
| M. Furius Camillus | K. Fabius Ambustus II | |
| M'. Aemilius Mamercinus III | L. Julius Iulus |
4th century BC[edit]
(Unless otherwise indicated, the names and dates for this century are taken from Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. Philological Monograph No. 15. New York: American Philological Association, 1951.)
| Year | Consul prior | Consul posterior | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 400 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| P. Licinius Calvus Esquilinus | P. Maelius Capitolinus | |||
| P. Manlius Vulso | Sp. Furius Medullinus | |||
| L. Titinius Pansa Saccus | L. Publilius Philo Vulscus | |||
| 399 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| Cn. Genucius Augurinus | C. Duillius Longus | |||
| L. Atilius Priscus | M. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus | |||
| M. Pomponius Rufus | Volero Publilius Philo | |||
| 398 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Valerius Potitus V | L. Furius Medullinus III | |||
| M. Valerius Lactucinus Maximus | Q. Servilius Fidenas II | |||
| M. Furius Camillus II | Q. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus II | |||
| 397 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Julius Iulus II | A. Postumius Albinus Regillensis | |||
| L. Furius Medullinus IV | P. Cornelius Maluginensis | |||
| L. Sergius Fidenas | A. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus III | |||
| 396 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Titinius Pansa Saccus II | Q. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus | |||
| P. Licinius Calvus Esquilinus II | Cn. Genucius Augurinus II | |||
| P. Maelius Capitolinus II | L. Atilius Priscus II | |||
| 395 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| P. Cornelius Cossus | L. Furius Medullinus V | |||
| P. Cornelius Scipio | Q. Servilius Fidenas III | |||
| K. Fabius Ambustus III | M. Valerius Lactucinus Maximus II | |||
| 394 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| M. Furius Camillus III | L. Valerius Poplicola | |||
| L. Furius Medullinus VI | Sp. Postumius Albinus Regillensis | |||
| C. Aemilius Mamercinus | P. Cornelius II[26] | |||
| 393 | L. Valerius Potitus | Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis | ||
| suff.[27] | L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus | Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus | ||
| 392 | L. Valerius Potitus II | M. Manlius Capitolinus | ||
| 391 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus | L. Furius Medullinus VII | |||
| Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus | Agrippa Furius Fusus | |||
| L. Aemilius Mamercinus[28] | C. Aemilius Mamercinus II | |||
| 390 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| Q. Fabius Ambustus | Q. Sulpicius Longus | |||
| K. Fabius Ambustus IV | Q. Servilius Fidenas IV | |||
| N. Fabius Ambustus II | P. Cornelius Maluginensis IV | |||
| 389 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Valerius Poplicola II | A. Manlius Capitolinus | |||
| L. Verginius Tricostus Esquilinus (II?) | L. Aemilius Mamercinus II | |||
| P. Cornelius | L. Postumius Albinus Regillensis | |||
| 388 | Consular Tribunes[29] | |||
| T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus | Q. Servilius Fidenas V | |||
| L. Julius Iulus | L. Aquillius Corvus | |||
| L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus II | Ser. Sulpicius Rufus | |||
| 387 | Consular Tribunes[30] | |||
| L. Papirius Cursor | Cn. Sergius Fidenas Coxo | |||
| L. Aemilius Mamercinus III | Licinus Menenius Lanatus | |||
| L. Valerius Poplicola III | ||||
| 386 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| M. Furius Camillus IV | Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis | |||
| Q. Servilius Fidenas VI | L. Quinctius Cincinnatus | |||
| L. Horatius Pulvillus | P. Valerius Potitus Poplicola | |||
| 385 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| A. Manlius Capitolinus II | P. Cornelius | |||
| T. Quinctius (Cincinnatus?) Capitolinus II | L. Papirius Cursor II | |||
| L. Quinctius Capitolinus | Cn. Sergius Fidenas Coxo II | |||
| 384 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis II | P. Valerius Potitus Poplicola II | |||
| M. Furius Camillus V | Ser. Sulpicius Rufus II | |||
| C. Papirius Crassus | T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus III | |||
| 383 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Valerius Poplicola IV | A. Manlius Capitolinus IV | |||
| Ser. Sulpicius Rufus III | L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus III | |||
| L. Aemilius Mamercinus IV | M. Trebonius | |||
| 382 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| Sp. Papirius Crassus | L. Papirius Mugillanus | |||
| Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis III | Q. Servilius Fidenas | |||
| C. Sulpicius Camerinus | L. Aemilius Mamercinus V | |||
| 381 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| M. Furius Camillus VI | A. Postumius Albinus Regillensis II | |||
| L. Postumius Albinus Regillensis II | L. Furius Medullinus | |||
| L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus IV | M. Fabius Ambustus | |||
| 380 | Consular Tribunes[31] | |||
| L. Valerius Potitus Poplicola V | P. Valerius Potitus Poplicola III | |||
| Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis IV | Licinus Menenius Lanatus II | |||
| C. Sulpicius Peticus | L. Aemilius Mamercinus VI | |||
| Cn. Sergius Fidenas Coxo III | Ti. Papirius Crassus | |||
| L. Papirius Mugillanus II | ||||
| 379 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| P. Manlius Capitolinus | Cn. Manlius Vulso | |||
| L. Julius Iulus II | C. Sextilius | |||
| M. Albinius | L. Antistius | |||
| P. Trebonius[32] | C. Erenucius[32] | |||
| 378 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| Sp. Furius Medullinus | Q. Servillius Fidenas II | |||
| Licinus Menenius Lanatus III | P. Cloelius Siculus | |||
| M. Horatius[33] | L. Geganius Macerinus[33] | |||
| 377 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Aemilius Mamercinus | P. Valerius Potitus Poplicola IV | |||
| C. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus | Ser. Sulpicius Rufus IV or: Ser. Sulpicius Praetextatus | |||
| L. Quinctius Cincinnatus III | C. Quinctius Cincinnatus | |||
| 376 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| L. Papirius Mugillanus III | Licinus Menenius Lanatus IV | |||
| Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis V | Ser. Sulpicius Praetextatus II | |||
| 375 – 371 |
vacatio According to Livy (6.35), the tribunes Gaius Licinius Stolo and Lucius Sextius introduced new laws concerning debt reform, a limit to how much public lands one man might hold, and to restore the consulate with one consul being reserved for the plebians. This provoked strong resistance from the patricians. Licinius Stolo and Sextius resorted to using the tribunican veto to prevent either consuls or consular tribunes to be elected for five years. However, modern scholars strongly doubt that this happened, and the consensus instead is that the fasti for the fourth century was discovered to be missing 5 sets of eponymous magistrates. One solution for this omission was to insert four years without these magistrates; the other was to invent a series of fictional consuls; a third was to insert a number of dictator years. Unfortunately, the Varronian chronology added both a four year period without eponymous magistrates and four years of dictator years.[34] | |||
| 370 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| A. Manlius Capitolinus V | L. Furius Medullinus II | |||
| Ser. Sulpicius Praetextatus III | Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis VI | |||
| P. Valerius Potitus Poplicola V | C. Valerius Potitus | |||
| 369 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| Q. Servilius Fidenas III | C. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus II | |||
| A. Cornelius Cossus | M. Cornelius Maluginensis | |||
| Q. Quinctius Cincinnatus | M. Fabius Ambustus II | |||
| 368 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis VII | Ser. Sulpicius Praetextatus IV | |||
| Sp. Servilius Structus | T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus | |||
| L. Papirius Crassus | L. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus | |||
| 367 | Consular Tribunes | |||
| A. Cornelius Cossus II | M. Cornelius Maluginensis II | |||
| M. Geganius Macerinus | P. Manlius Capitolinus II | |||
| L. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus II | P. Valerius Potitus Poplicola VI | |||
| 366 | L. Aemilius Mamercinus | L. Sextius Sextinus Lateranus (first Plebeian) | ||
| 365 | L. Genucius Aventinensis | Q. Servilius Ahala | ||
| 364 | C. Sulpicius Peticus | C. Licinius Calvus[35] | ||
| 363 | Cn. Genucius Aventinensis | L. Aemilius Mamercinus II | ||
| 362 | Q. Servilius Ahala II | L. Genucius Aventinensis II | ||
| 361 | C. Licinius Stolo[35] | C. Sulpicius Peticus II | ||
| 360 | M. Fabius Ambustus | C. Poetelius Libo Visolus | ||
| 359 | M. Popillius Laenas | Cn. Manlius Capitolinus Imperiosus | ||
| 358 | C. Fabius Ambustus | C. Plautius Proculus | ||
| 357 | C. Marcius Rutilus | Cn. Manlius Capitolinus Imperiosus II | ||
| 356 | M. Fabius Ambustus II | M. Popillius Laenas II | ||
| 355 | C. Sulpicius Peticus III | M. Valerius Poplicola | ||
| 354 | M. Fabius Ambustus III | T. Quinctius Poenus Capitolinus Crispinus[36] | ||
| 353 | C. Sulpicius Peticus IV | M. Valerius Poplicola II | ||
| 352 | P. Valerius Poplicola | C. Marcius Rutilus II | ||
| 351 | C. Sulpicius Peticus V | T. Quinctius Pennus Capitolinus Crispinus II | ||
| 350 | M. Popillius Laenas III | L. Cornelius Scipio | ||
| 349 | L. Furius Camillus | Ap. Claudius Crassus Inregillensis[37] | ||
| 348 | M. Valerius Corvus | M. Popillius Laenas IV | ||
| 347 | C. Plautius Venno (or Venox) | T. Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus | ||
| 346 | M. Valerius Corvus II | C. Poetelius Libo Visolus II | ||
| 345 | M. Fabius Dorsuo | Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus Rufus | ||
| 344 | C. Marcius Rutilus III | T. Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus II | ||
| 343 | M. Valerius Corvus III | A. Cornelius Cossus Arvina | ||
| 342 | Q. Servilius Ahala III | C. Marcius Rutilus IV | ||
| 341 | C. Plautius Venno (or Venox) II | L. Aemilius Mamercinus Privernas | ||
| 340 | T. Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus III | P. Decius Mus | ||
| 339 | Ti. Aemilius Mamercinus | Q. Publilius Philo | ||
| 338 | L. Furius Camillus | C. Maenius | ||
| 337 | C. Sulpicius Longus | P. Aelius Paetus | ||
| 336 | L. Papirius Crassus | K. Duillius | ||
| 335 | M. Atilius Regulus Calenus | M. Valerius Corvus IV | ||
| 334 | Sp. Postumius Albinus Caudinus | T. Veturius Calvinus | ||
| 333 | Dictator: P. Cornelius Rufinus[38] | |||
| 332 | Cn. Domitius Calvinus | A. Cornelius Cossus Arvina II | ||
| 331 | C. Valerius Potitus | M. Claudius Marcellus | ||
| 330 | L. Papirius Crassus II | L. Plautius Venno (or Venox) | ||
| 329 | L. Aemilius Mamercinus Privernas II | C. Plautius Decianus | ||
| 328 | Plautius | Cornelius Scapula[39] | ||
| 327 | L. Cornelius Lentulus | Q. Publilius Philo II | ||
| 326 | C. Poetelius Libo Visolus III | L. Papirius Cursor | ||
| 325 | L. Furius Camillus II | D. Junius Brutus Scaeva | ||
| 324 | Dictator: L. Papirius Cursor[38] | |||
| 323 | C. Sulpicius Longus II | Q. Aulius Cerretanus[40] | ||
| 322 | Q. Fabius Maximus Rullianus | L. Fulvius Curvus | ||
| 321 | T. Veturius Calvinus II | Sp. Postumius Albinus Caudinus II | ||
| 320 | L. Papirius Cursor II | Q. Publilius Philo III | ||
| 319 | L. Papirius Cursor III[41] | Q. Aulius Cerretanus II | ||
| 318 | M. Folius Flaccinator | L. Plautius Venno (or Venox) | ||
| 317 | C. Junius Bubulcus Brutus | Q. Aemilius Barbula | ||
| 316 | Sp. Nautius Rutilus | M. Popillius Laenas | ||
| 315 | L. Papirius Cursor IV | Q. Publilius Philo IV | ||
| 314 | M. Poetelius Libo | C. Sulpicius Longus III | ||
| 313 | L. Papirius Cursor V | C. Junius Bubulcus Brutus II | ||
| 312 | M. Valerius Maximus Corvus | P. Decius Mus | ||
| 311 | C. Junius Bubulcus Brutus III | Q. Aemilius Barbula II | ||
| 310 | Q. Fabius Maximus Rullianus II | C. Marcius Rutilus Censorinus | ||
| 309 | Dictator: L. Papirius Cursor[38] | |||
| 308 | P. Decius Mus II | Q. Fabius Maximus Rullianus III | ||
| 307 | Ap. Claudius Caecus | L. Volumnius Flamma Violens | ||
| 306 | Q. Marcius Tremulus | P. Cornelius Arvina | ||
| 305 | L. Postumius Megellus | Ti. Minucius Augurinus | ||
| suff. | M. Fulvius Curvus Paetinus | |||
| 304 | P. Sempronius Sophus | P. Sulpicius Saverrio | ||
| 303 | Ser. Cornelius Lentulus | L. Genucius Aventinensis | ||
| 302 | M. Livius Denter | M. Aemilius Paullus | ||
| 301 | Dictator: M. Valerius Maximus Corvus[38] | |||
3rd century BC[edit]
(Unless otherwise indicated, the names and dates for this century are taken from Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, The magistrates of the Roman republic. Philological Monograph No. 15. New York: American Philological Association, 1951.)
2nd century BC[edit]
(Unless otherwise indicated, the names and dates for this century are taken from Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, The magistrates of the Roman republic. Philological Monograph No. 15. New York: American Philological Association, 1951.)
1st century BC[edit]
1st century AD[edit]
| Year | First consul | Second consul |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | C. Julius Caesar (Jan.-Dec.) | L. Aemilius Paullus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | M. Herennius Picens (July-Dec.) | |
| 2 | P. Vinicius (Jan.-June) | P. Alfenus Varus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | P. Cornelius Lentulus Scipio (July-Dec.) | T. Quinctius Crispinus Valerianus (July-Dec.) |
| 3 | L. Aelius Lamia (Jan.-June) | M. Servilius (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | P. Silius (July-Dec.) | L. Volusius Saturninus (July-Dec.) |
| 4 | Sex. Aelius Catus (Jan.-June) | C. Sentius Saturninus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | Cn. Sentius Saturninus (July-Dec.) | C. Clodius Licinus (July-Dec.) |
| 5 | L. Valerius Messalla Volesus (Jan.-June) | Cn. Cornelius Cinna Magnus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | C. Vibius Postumus (July-Dec.) | C. Ateius Capito (July-Dec.) |
| 6 | M. Aemilius Lepidus (Jan.-June) | L. Arruntius (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | L. Nonius Asprenas (July-Dec.) | |
| 7 | Q. Caecilius Metellus Creticus Silanus[58] (Jan.-Dec.) | A. Licinius Nerva Silianus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | Lucilius Longus (July-Dec.) | |
| 8 | M. Furius Camillus (Jan.-June) | Sex. Nonius Quinctilianus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | L. Apronius (July-Dec.) | A. Vibius Habitus (July-Dec.) |
| 9 | C. Poppaeus Sabinus (Jan.-June) | Q. Sulpicius Camerinus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | M. Papius Mutilus (July-Dec.) | Q. Poppaeus Secundus (July-Dec.) |
| 10 | P. Cornelius Dolabella (Jan.-June) | C. Junius Silanus (Jan.-June) |
| suff. | Ser. Cornelius Lentulus Maluginensis (July-Dec.) | Q. Junius Blaesus (July-Dec.) |
| 11 | M'. Aemilius Lepidus (Jan.-June) | T. Statilius Taurus (Jan.-Dec.) |
| suff. | L. Cassius Longinus (July-Dec.) | |
| 12 | Germanicus Julius Caesar | C. Fonteius Capito |
| suff. | C. Visellius Varro | |
| 13 | Gaius Silius | L. Munatius Plancus |
| suff. | C. Caecina Largus[59] | |
| 14 | Sex. Pompeius | Sex. Appuleius |
| 15 | Drusus Julius Caesar (January -December ) | C. Norbanus Flaccus (January -June) |
| suff. | M. Junius Silanus (July–December ) | |
| 16 | Sisenna Statilius Taurus | L. Scribonius Libo |
| suff. | C. Vibius Rufus | P. Pomponius Graecinus |
| 17 | L. Pomponius Flaccus | C. Caelius Rufus |
| suff. | C. Vibius Marsus | L. Voluseius Proculus |
| 18 | Ti. Caesar Augustus III (January ) | Germanicus Julius Caesar II (January-April ) |
| suff. | L. Seius Tubero (February-July) | Livineius Regulus (May–July) |
| suff. | C. Rubellius Blandus (August-December ) | M. Vipstanus Gallus (August-December ) |
| 19 | M. Junius Silanus Torquatus (January-December ) | L. Norbanus Balbus (January-April ) |
| suff. | P. Petronius (May–December ) | |
| 20 | M. Valerius Messala | M. Aurelius Cotta Maximus Messalinus |
| 21 | Ti. Caesar Augustus IV | Drusus Julius Caesar II |
| 22 | D. Haterius Agrippa | C. Sulpicius Galba |
| 23 | C. Asinius Pollio | C. Antistius Vetus |
| suff. | C. Stertinius Maximus | |
| 24 | Ser. Cornelius Cethegus (January-June) | L. Visellius Varro (January-June) |
| suff. | C. Calpurnius Aviola (July–December) | P. Cornelius Lentulus Scipio (July–December ) |
| 25 | Cossus Cornelius Lentulus (January-August ) | M. Asinius Agrippa (January-December ) |
| suff. | C. Petronius (September-December ) | |
| 26 | Cn. Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus | C. Calvisius Sabinus |
| suff. | L. Junius Silanus | C. Vellaeus Tutor |
| 27 | L. Calpurnius Piso | M. Licinius Crassus Frugi |
| suff. | P. Cornelius Lentulus | C. Sallustius Crispus Passienus I |
| 28 | Ap. Junius Silanus | P. Silius Nerva |
| suff. | L. Antistius Vetus | Q. Junius Blaesus |
| 29 | C. Fufius Geminus (January -June) | L. Rubellius Geminus (January -June) |
| suff. | A. Plautius (July–December ) | L. Nonius Asprenas (July–December ) |
| 30 | M. Vinicius (January -June) | L. Cassius Longinus (January -June) |
| suff. | L. Naevius Surdinus (July–December ) | C. Cassius Longinus (July–December ) |
| 31 | Ti. Caesar Augustus V (January -May 9) | L. Aelius Seianus (January -May 9) |
| suff. | Faustus Cornelius Sulla (May 10-September ) | Sex. Tedius (or Teidius) Valerius Catullus (May 10-June) |
| suff. | L. Fulcinius Trio (July–December )[60] | |
| suff. | P. Memmius Regulus (October -December )[61] | |
| 32 | Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus (January -December ) | L. Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus (January -June) |
| suff. | A. Vitellius (July–December ) | |
| 33 | L. Livius Ocella Ser. Sulpicius Galba (January -June) | L. Cornelius Sulla Felix (January -June) |
| suff. | L. Salvius Otho (July–December ) | C. Octavius Laenas (July–December )[62] |
| 34 | Paullus Fabius Persicus (January -June) | L. Vitellius (January -June) |
| suff. | Q. Marcius Barea Soranus (July–December ) | T. Rustius Nummius Gallus (July–December ) |
| 35 | C. Cestius Gallus (January -June) | M. Servilius Nonianus (January -June) |
| suff. | D. Valerius Asiaticus (July–December ) | A. Gabinius Secundus (July–December ) |
| 36 | Sex. Papinius Allenius (January -June) | Q. Plautius (January -June) |
| suff. | C. Vettius Rufus (July–December ) | M. Porcius Cato (July–December ) |
| 37 | Cn. Acerronius Proculus (January -June) | C. Petronius Pontius Nigrinus (January -June) |
| suff. | C. Caesar Augustus Germanicus (July–August ) | Ti. Claudius Nero Germanicus (July–August ) |
| suff. | A. Caecina Paetus (September –December ) | C. Caninius Rebilus (September –December ) |
| 38 | M. Aquila Julianus (January -June) | P. Nonius Asprenas (January -June) |
| suff. | Ser. Asinius Celer (July–December ) | Sex. Nonius Quintilianus (July–December )[63] |
| 39 | C. Caesar Augustus Germanicus II (only January ) | L. Apronius Caesianus (January -?)[64] |
| suff. | Q. Sanquinius Maximus (February -September )[65] | Cn. Domitius Corbulo (?-September )[66] |
| suff. | A. Didius Gallus (September -December ) | Cn. Domitius Afer (September -December )[67] |
| 40 | C. Caesar Augustus Germanicus III | without colleague |
| suff. | C. Laecanius Bassus | Q. Terentius Culleo |
| 41 | C. Caesar Augustus Germanicus IV (1.–13. January ) | Cn. Sentius Saturninus |
| suff. | Q. Pomponius Secundus (for Caligula) | |
| suff. | Q. Futius Lusius Saturninus (in office on 17 July 41) | M. Seius Varanus (in office on 17 July 41) |
| suff. | C. Calpurnius Piso (appointed by Claudius after Caligula's assassination) | |
| 42 | Ti. Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus II | C. Caecina Largus |
| suff. | C. Cestius Gallus II[68] | |
| suff. | Cornelius Lupus | |
| 43 | Ti. Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus III (January –February ) | L. Vitellius II (January –February ) |
| suff. | Sex. Palpellius Hister (March –July) | L. Pedanius Secundus (March –July) |
| suff. | A. Gabinius Secundus (August –September ) | N.N. (August –September ) |
| suff. | Q. Curtius Rufus (October –December ) | Sp. Oppius (October –December ) |
| 44 | C. Sallustius Crispus Passienus II (January –February ) | T. Statilius Taurus (January –June) |
| suff. | P. Calvisius Sabinus Pomponius Secundus (March –June) | |
| 45 | M. Vinicius II (January –February ) | Titus Statilius Taurus Corvinus (January –June)[69] |
| suff. | Ti. Plautius Silvanus Aelianus (March –?) | |
| suff. | M. Antonius Rufus (?–December ) | M. Pompeius Silvanus Staberius Flavianus (?–December )[70] |
| 46 | D. Valerius Asiaticus II (January –February ) | M. Junius Silanus (January –December ) |
| suff. | Camerinus Antistius Vetus (March ) | |
| suff. | Q. Sulpicius Camerinus (March –June) | |
| suff. | D. Laelius Balbus (July–August ) | |
| suff. | C. Terentius Tullius Geminus (September –December ) | |
| 47 | Ti. Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus IV | L. Vitellius III |
| suff. | C. Calpetanus Rantius Sedatus (March –April ) | M. Hordeonius Flaccus (March –April ) |
| suff. | Cn. Hosidius Geta (July–December ) | T. Flavius Sabinus (July–August ) |
| suff. | L. Vagellius (September –October ) | |
| suff. | C. Volasenna Severus (November –December ) | |
| 48 | A. Vitellius (January –June) | L. Vipstanus Poplicola (January –June) |
| suff. | L. Vitellius (July–December ) | Messalla Vipstanus Gallus (July–December ) |
| 49 | C. Pompeius Longus Gallus | Q. Veranius Nepos |
| suff. | L. Mammius Pollio (March –June) | Q. Allius Maximus (March –June) |
| 50 | C. Antistius Vetus | M. Suillius Nerullinus |
| 51 | Ti. Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus V | Ser. Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus |
| suff. | L. Calventius Vetus C. Carminius (September –October ) | |
| suff. | T. Flavius Vespasianus (November –December ) | |
| 52 | Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix | L. Salvius Otho Titianus |
| suff. | Q. Marcius Barea Soranus (June–August ) | |
| suff. | N.N. (September –October ) | |
| suff. | L. Salvidienus Rufus Salvianus (November –December ) | |
| 53 | D. Junius Silanus Torquatus (January –June) | Q. Haterius Antoninus (January –June) |
| suff. | N.N. (July–August ) | N.N. (July–August ) |
| suff. | Q. Caecina Primus (Sept–October ) | P. Trebonius (September –December ) |
| suff. | P. Calvisius Ruso (October –December ) | |
| 54 | M'. Acilius Aviola[71] | M. Asinius Marcellus |
| 55 | Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (January – February ) | L. Antistius Vetus (January – April ) |
| suff. | N. Cestius (March – June) | Ignotus |
| suff. | L. Junius Gallio Annaeanus (July – August)[72] | T. Cutius Ciltus (July – August) |
| suff. | N.N. (September – October ) | N.N. (September – October ) |
| suff. | Cn. Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus (November – December ) | T. Curtilius Mancia (November – December) |
| 56 | Q. Volusius Saturninus | P. Cornelius Scipio |
| suff. | L. Annaeus Seneca (July – October)[73] | M. Trebellius Maximus (July – August) |
| suff. | P.(?) Palfurius (September – October ) | |
| suff. | L. Duvius Avitus (November – December ) | P. Clodius Thrasea Paetus (November – December ) |
| 57 | Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus II (whole year?) | L. Calpurnius Piso (January –June) |
| suff. | L. Caesius Martialis (July–December ) | |
| 58 | Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus III (January–April ) | M. Valerius Messalla Corvinus (January –June) |
| suff. | C. Fonteius Agrippa (May/June) | |
| suff. | A. Petronius Lurco (July–December ) | A. Paconius Sabinus (July–December ) |
| 59 | C. Vipstanus Apronianus (January –June) | C. Fonteius Capito (January –June) |
| suff. | T. Sextius Africanus (July–December ) | M. Ostorius Scapula (July–December ) |
| 60 | Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus IV | Cossus Cornelius Lentulus[74] |
| suff. | G. Velleius Paterculus[75] | M. Malilius Vopiscus[76] |
| 61 | P. Petronius Turpilianus (January –June?) | L. Junius Caesennius Paetus (January –June?) |
| suff. | Cn. Pedanius Fuscus Salinator (July/August ) | L. Velleius Paterculus (July/August ) |
| 62 | P. Marius (January – June) | Lucius Afinius Gallus (January – June) |
| suff. | P. Petronius Niger (July/August ) | Q. Manlius Ancharius Tarquitius Saturninus (July/August ) |
| suff. | Q. Junius Marullus (September –December ) | N.N. (September –November ) |
| suff. | T. Clodius Eprius Marcellus (November –December ) | |
| 63 | C. Memmius Regulus (January –June) | L. Verginius Rufus (January –June) |
| 64 | C. Laecanius Bassus (January –June) | M. Licinius Crassus Frugi (January –June) |
| suff. | C. Licinius Mucianus (July–October ) | Q. Fabius Barbarus Antonius Macer? (July–October ) |
| suff. | N.N. (November /December ) | N.N. (November /December ) |
| 65 | A. Licinius Nerva Silianus (January –June) | M. Julius Vestinus Atticus (January –April ) |
| suff. | P. Pasidienus Firmus (May–June) | |
| suff. | C. Pomponius Pius (July/August ) | C. Anicius Cerialis (July/August ) |
| suff. | N.N. (September –December ) | N.N. (September –December ) |
| 66 | C. Luccius Telesinus (January –June?) | C. Suetonius Paullinus (January –June?) |
| suff. | M. Annius Afrinus (July/August ) | C. Paccius Africanus (July/August ) |
| suff. | M. Arruntius Aquila (September –December ) | M. Vettius Bolanus (September –December ) |
| 67 | L. Julius Rufus | Fonteius Capito |
| suff. | L. Aurelius Priscus (March /April ?) | Ap. Annius Gallus (March /April ?) |
| 68 | Ti. Catius Asconius Silius Italicus | P. Galerius Trachalus |
| suff. | Imp. Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus V (April ?–June) | without colleague |
| suff. | N.N. (July/August ) | N.N. (July/August ) |
| suff. | C. Bellicus Natalis (September –December ) | P. Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus (September –December ) |
| 69 | Ser. Galba Imp. Caesar Augustus II (January ) | T. Vinius (Rufinus?) (January ) |
| suff. | M. Otho Caesar Augustus (January 22 – February 28) | L. Salvius Otho Titianus II (January 22 – February 28) |
| suff. | L. Verginius Rufus II (Mar–April 22) | L. Pompeius Vopiscus (March -April 22) |
| suff. | T. Flavius Sabinus(May–June) | Cn. Arulenus Caelius Sabinus (May–June) |
| suff. | A. Marius Celsus (July–August ) | Cn. Arrius Antoninus (July–August ) |
| suff. | Fabius Valens (September -October ) | A. Caecina Alienus (September -October ) |
| suff. | Rosius Regulus (31 October ) | |
| suff. | C. Quintius Atticus (November −31 December ) | Cn. Caecilius Simplex (November −30 December ) |
| 70 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus II | T. Caesar Vespasianus |
| suff. | C. Licinius Mucianus II[77] | Q. Petillius Cerealis Caesius Rufus[78] |
| suff. | L. Annius Bassus[78] | C. Laecanius Bassus Caecina Paetus[78] |
| 71 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus III | M. Cocceius Nerva |
| suff. | Caesar Domitianus | Cn. Pedius Cascus |
| suff. | C. Calpetanus Rantius Quirinalis Valerius Festus (May–June)[79] | |
| 72 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus IV | T. Caesar Vespasianus II |
| suff. | Gaius Licinius Mucianus III[76] | T. Flavius Sabinus (?II) |
| 73 | Caesar Domitianus II | L. Valerius Catullus Messallinus |
| suff. | M. Arrecinus Clemens[80] | |
| 74 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus V | T. Caesar Vespasianus III |
| suff. | Ti. Plautius Silvanus Aelianus II | L. Junius Q. Vibius Crispus II |
| suff. | Q. Petillius Cerialis Caesius Rufus II | T. Clodius Eprius Marcellus II |
| suff. | Cn. Domitius Tullus[81] | |
| 75 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus VI | T. Caesar Vespasianus IV |
| suff. | Caesar Domitianus III | L. Pasidienus Firmus |
| 76 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus VII | T. Caesar Vespasianus V |
| suff. | Caesar Domitianus IV | |
| suff. | Galeo Tettienus Petronianus | M. Fulvius Gillo |
| 77 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus VIII | T. Caesar Vespasianus VI |
| suff. | Caesar Domitianus V | Cn. Julius Agricola |
| suff. | Cn. Julius Agricola | N.N. |
| suff. | L. Pompeius Vopiscus C. Arruntius Catellius Celer | M. Arruntius Aquila |
| 78 | D. Junius Novius Priscus | L. Ceionius Commodus |
| suff. | L. Funisulanus Vettonianus[82] | Q. Articuleius Paetus[83] |
| 79 | Imp. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus IX | T. Caesar Vespasianus VII |
| suff. | Caesar Domitianus VI | |
| suff. | L. Junius Caesennius Paetus (March –May) | P. Calvisius Ruso Julius Frontinus (March –May) [78][84] |
| suff. | T. Rubrius Aelius Nepos[78] | M. Arrius Flaccus[78] |
| 80 | Imp. T. Caesar Vespasianus Augustus VIII (January 1–14) | Caesar Domitianus VII (January 1–14) |
| suff. | L. Aelius Lamia Plautius Aelianus (January 14 until June) | A. Didius Gallus Fabricius Veiento II (January 14 – February 11) |
| suff. | Q. Aurelius Pactumeius Fronto (March -May) | |
| suff. | C. Marius Marcellus Cluvius Rufus (June-?) | |
| suff. | L. Acilius Strabo (Sept–Oct)[85] | Sex. Neranius Capito (Sept–Oct) [85] |
| suff. | M. Tittius Frugi (?-December ) | T. Vinicius Julianus (T. Vinicius Julius Rufus [85]) (?-December ) |
| 81 | L. Flavius Silva Nonius Bassus (January -February ) | M. Asinius Pollio Verrucosus (January -February ) |
| suff. | C. Julius Juvenalis (March -April ) | M. Roscius Coelius (March -April ) |
| suff. | L. Vettius Paullus (May–June) | T. Junius Montanus (May–June) |
| suff. | N.N. (July–August ) | N.N. (July–August ) |
| suff. | L. Carminius Lusitanicus (September -October ) | M. Petronius Umbrinus (September -October ) |
| 82 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus VIII | T. Flavius Sabinus |
| suff. | N.N. | Servaeus Innocens |
| suff. | N.N. | L. Salvius Otho Cocceianus |
| suff. | N.N. | (? C. Arinius) Modestus |
| suff. | L. Antonius Saturninus (July-?) | P. Valerius Patriunus (July-?) |
| 83 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus IX | Q. Petillius Rufus II |
| suff. | L. Tettius Julianus | Terentius Strabo Erucius Homullus |
| suff. | M. Cornelius Nigrinus Curiatius Maternus[86] | |
| 84 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus X | C. Oppius Sabinus |
| suff. | L. Julius Ursus | |
| suff. | C. Cornelius Gallicanus (September -?) | C. Tullius Capito Pomponians Plotius Firmus (September -?) |
| suff. | N.N. | (Raecius?) Gallus[87] |
| 85 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus XI (January -February ) | T. Aurelius Fulvus II[88] (January -February ) |
| suff. | L. Valerius Catullus Messallinus II | Q. Julius Cordinus C. Rutilius Gallicus II[79] |
| suff. | Q. Gavius Atticus | L. Aelius Oculatus |
| suff. | P. Herrenius Pollio (July–August ) | M. Annius Herrenius Pollio (July.-August ) |
| suff. | D. Aburius Bassus (September -October ) | Q. Julius Balbus (September -October ) |
| suff. | C. Salvius Liberalis Nonius Bassus (November -December ) | Cornelius Orestes (November -December ) |
| 86 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus XII (January ) | Ser. Cornelius Dolabella Petronianus (January -April ) |
| suff. | C. Secius Campanus (January -February ) | |
| suff. | N.N. | Q. Vibius Secundus (March -April ) |
| suff. | Sex. Octavius Fronto (May–?) | Ti. Julius Candidus Marius Celsus (May–?) |
| suff. | A. Bucius Lappius Maximus (September -?) | C. Octavius Tidius Tossianus L. Iavolenus Priscus (September -?) |
| 87 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus XIII (January ) | L. Volusius Saturninus (January -April ) |
| suff. | C. Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus (February -April ) | |
| suff. | C. Ducenius Proculus (May–August ) | C. Bellicius Natalis P. Gavidius Tebanianus (May–August ) |
| suff. | C. Cilnius Proculus (September -December ) | L. Neratius Priscus (September -December ) |
| 88 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus XIV (January ) | L. Minicius Rufus (January -April ) |
| suff. | D. Plotius Grypus (January–April ) | |
| suff. | Q. Ninnius Hasta (May–August ) | L. Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi Bonus (May–August ) |
| suff. | M'. Otacilius Catulus (September -December ) | Sex. Julius Sparsus (September -December ) |
| 89 | T. Aurelius Fulvus (January -April ) | M. Asinius Atratinus (January -April ) |
| suff. | P. Sallustius Blaesus (May–August ) | M. Peducaeus Saenianus (May–August ) |
| suff. | A. Vicirius Proculus (September -December ) | M'. Laberius Maximus (September -December ) |
| 90 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus XV | M. Cocceius Nerva II |
| suff. | L. Cornelius Pusio Annius Messala (replaced Domitian) | |
| suff. | L. Antistius Rusticus | Ser. Julius Servianus |
| suff. | Q. Accaeus Rufus | C. Caristanius Fronto |
| suff. | P. Baebius Italicus | C. Aquillius Proculus |
| suff. | L. Albius Pullaienus Pollio | Cn. Pinarius Aemilius Cicatricula Pompeius Longinus |
| suff. | M. Tullius Cerialis | Cn. Pompeius Catullinus |
| 91 | M' Acilius Glabrio | M. Ulpius Traianus |
| suff. | Cn. Minicius Faustinus | P. Valerius Marinus |
| suff. | Q. Valerius Vegetus | P. Metilius Sabinus Nepos |
| 92 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus XVI | Q. Volusius Saturninus |
| suff. | L. Venuleius Montanus Apronianus | |
| suff. | L. Stertinius Avitus | Ti. Julius Celsus Polemaeanus |
| suff. | C. Julius Silanus | Q. Junius Arulenus Rusticus |
| 93 | Sex. Pompeius Collega | Q. Peducaeus Priscinus |
| suff. | T. Avidius Quietus | Sex. Lusianus Proculus |
| suff. | C. Cornelius Rarus | Tuccius Cerialis |
| 94 | L. Nonius Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas (January -April ) | T. Sextius Magius Lateranus (January -April ) |
| suff. | Marcus Lollius Paulinus Decimus Valerius Asiaticus Saturninus | C. Antius A. Julius Quadratus |
| suff. | L. Silius Decianus | T. Pomponius Bassus |
| 95 | Imp. Caesar Domitianus Augustus XVII (January ) | T. Flavius Clemens (January -April ) |
| suff. | L. Neratius Marcellus (January -April ) | |
| suff. | A. Bucius Lappius Maximus II (May–August ) | P. Ducenius Verus (May–August ) |
| suff. | Q. Pomponius Rufus (September -December ) | L. Baebius Tullus (September -December ) |
| 96 | C. Manlius Valens (January -April ) | C. Antistius Vetus (January -April ) |
| suff. | Q. Fabius Postuminus (May–August ) | T. Prifernius Paetus (May–August ) |
| suff. | Ti. Catius Caesius Fronto (September -December ) | M. Calpurnius [...]icus (September -December ) |
| 97 | Imp. Nerva Caesar Augustus III (January -February ) | L. Verginius Rufus III (January -February ) |
| suff. | Cn. Arrius Antoninus II (March -April ) | (C.?) Calpurnius Piso (March -April ) |
| suff. | M. Annius Verus (May–June) | L. Neratius Priscus (May–June) |
| suff. | L. Domitius Apollinaris (July–August ) | Sex. Hermentidius Campanus (July–August ) |
| suff. | Q. Glitius Atilius Agricola (September -October ) | L. Pomponius Maternus (September -October ) |
| suff. | P. Cornelius Tacitus (November -December ) | N.N. |
| 98 | Imp. Nerva Caesar Augustus IV (to January 12) | Imp. Caesar Nerva Traianus II (January -June) |
| suff. | Cn. Domitius Tullus II (January 13 – January 31) | |
| suff. | Sex. Julius Frontinus II (February ) | |
| suff. | L. Julius Ursus II (March ) | |
| suff. | T. Vestricius Spurinna II (April ) | |
| suff. | C. Pomponius Pius (May–June)[89] | |
| suff. | A. Vicirius Martialis (July–August ) | L. Maecius Postumus (July–August ) |
| suff. | C. Pomponius Rufus Acilius (Tu?)scus Coelius Sparsus (September -October ) | Cn. Pompeius Ferox Licinianus (September -October ) |
| suff. | P. Julius Lupus (November -December ) | N.N. |
| 99 | A. Cornelius Palma Frontonianus I | Q. Sosius Senecio |
| suff. | P. Sulpicius Lucretius Barba | Senecio Memmius Afer |
| suff. | Q. Fabius Barbarus Valerius Magnus Julianus | A. Caecilius Faustinus |
| suff. | Q. Fulvius Gillo Bittius Proculus | M. Ostorius Scapula |
| suff. | Ti. Julius Ferox | N.N. |
| 100 | Imp. Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus III (January ) | Sex. Julius Frontinus III (January -February ) |
| suff. | L. Julius Ursus III (January -February ) | |
| suff. | M. Marcius Macer (March -April ) | C. Cilnius Proculus (March -April ) |
| suff. | L. Herennius Saturninus (May–June) | T. Pomponius Mamilianus (May–June) |
| suff. | Q. Acutius Nerva (July–August ) | L. Fabius Tuscus (July–August ) |
| suff. | C. Julius Cornutus Tertullus (September -October ) | C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus (September -October ) |
| suff. | L. Roscius Aelianus Maecius Celer (November -December ) | Ti. Claudius Sacerdos Julianus (November -December ) |
2nd century[edit]
| Year | Consul prior | Consul posterior |
|---|---|---|
| 101 | Imp. Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus IV (January ) | Q. Articuleius Paetus II (January -March )[90] |
| suff. | Sex. Attius Suburanus Aemilianus (February -March ) | |
| suff. | C. Sertorius Brocchus Q. Servaeus Innocens (April -?) | M. Maecius Celer (April -?) |
| suff. | [...]us Proculus | |
| 102 | L. Julius Ursus Servianus II | L. Licinius Sura II |
| suff. | L. Fabius Iustus (March -April ) | |
| suff. | T. Didius Secundus | L. Publilius Celsus (May–?) |
| suff. | L. Antonius Albus (September -?) | M. Junius Homullus (September -?) |
| 103 | Imp. Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus V (January ) | M'. Laberius Maximus II |
| suff. | Q. Glitius Atilius Agricola II (January -?) | |
| suff. | P. Metilius Nepos | Q. Baebius Macer |
| suff. | M. Flavius Aper | C. Trebonius Proculus Mettius Modestus |
| suff. | (A?)nnius Mela | P. Calpurnius Macer Caulius Rufus |
| 104 | Sex. Attius Suburanus Aemilianus II | M. Asinius Marcellus |
| 105 | Ti. Julius Candidus Marius Celsus II | C. Antius A. Julius Quadratus II |
| suff. | C. Julius Quadratus Bassus (BIRLEY) (May–June) | Cn. Afranius Dexter (PROSOP) (May–June) |
| suff. | Q. Caelius Honotatus (July–August ) | |
| suff. | M. Vitorius Marcellus (September -December ) | C. Caecilius Strabo (September -December ) |
| 106 | L. Ceionius Commodus | Sex. Vettulenus Civica Cerialis |
| suff. | L. Minicius Natalis | Q. Licinius Silvanus Granianus Quadronius Proculus |
| 107 | L. Licinius Sura III | Q. Sosius Senecio II |
| suff. | L. Acilius Rufus (March -May) | |
| suff. | C. Minicius Fundanus (May–August ) | T. Vettennius Severus (May–August ) |
| suff. | C. Julius Longinus (September –December ) | Q. Valerius Paullinus (September -December ) |
| 108 | Ap. Annius Trebonius Gallus (January -April ) | M. Appius Bradua (January -April ) |
| suff. | P. Aelius Hadrianus (May–August ) | M. Trebatius Priscus (May–August ) |
| suff. | Q. Pompeius Falco (September -December ) | M. Titius Lustricus Bruttianus (September -December ) |
| 109 | A. Cornelius Palma Frontonianus II (January -February ) | P. Calvisius Tullus Ruso (January -April ) |
| suff. | L. Annius Largus (March -April ) | |
| suff. | Cn. Antonius Fuscus (May–August ) | C. Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus (May–August ) |
| suff. | C. Alburnius Valens (September -December ) | C. Julius Proculus (September -December ) |
| 110 | M. Peducaeus Priscinus | Ser. Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus |
| suff. | C. Avidius Nigrinus | Ti. Julius Aquila Polemaeanus |
| suff. | L. Catilius Severus Julianus Claudius Reginus (I) | C. Erucianus Silo |
| suff. | A. Larcius Priscus | Sex. Marcius Honoratus |
| 111 | C. Calpurnius Piso | M. Vettius Bolanus |
| suff. | T. Avidius Quietus (May–August ) | L. Eggius Marullus (May–August ) |
| suff. | L. Octavius Crassus (September -December ) | P. Coelius Apollinaris (September -December ) |
| 112 | Imp. Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus VI (January ) | T. Sextius Cornelius Africanus (January -?) |
| suff. | M.(?) Licinius Ruso (January -?) | |
| suff. | Cn. Pinarius Cornelius Severus | L. Mummius Niger Q. Valerius Vegetus |
| suff. | P. Stertinius Quartus | T. Julius Maximus Manlianus Brocchus Servilianus |
| suff. | C. Claudius Severus | T. Settidius Firmus |
| 113 | L. Publilius Celsus II (January -March ) | C. Clodius Crispinus (January -April ) |
| suff. | Ser. Cornelius Dolabella Metilianus Pompeius Marcellus (April ) | |
| suff. | L. Stertinius Noricus (May–August ) | L. Fadius Rufinus (May–August ) |
| suff. | Cn. Cornelius Urbicus (September -December ) | T. Sempronius Rufus (September -December ) |
| 114 | Q. Ninnius Hasta | P. Manilius Vopiscus Vicinillianus |
| suff. | C. Clodius Nummus | L. Caesennius Sospes |
| suff. | L. Hedius Rufus Lollianus Atitus (September -?) | L. Messius Rusticus (September -?) |
| 115 | L. Vipstanus Messalla | M. Pedo Vergilianus |
| suff. | L. Julius Frugi | P. Juventius Celsus T. Aufidius Hoenius Severianus |
| suff. | M. Pompeius Macrinus Neos Theophanes | |
| 116 | L. Fundanius Lamia Aelianus | Sex. Carminius Vetus |
| suff. | Ti. Julius Secundus | M. Egnatius Marcellinus |
| suff. | D. Terentius Gentianus | L. Cossonius Gallus |
| suff. | L. Statius Aquila | C. Julius Alexander Berenicianus |
| 117 | Q. Aquilius Niger | M. Rebilus Apronianus |
| suff. | Cn. Minicius Faustinus | |
| suff. | M. Erucius Clarus | Ti. Julius Alexander Julianus |
| 118 | Imp. Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus II (January -June) | Cn. Pedanius Fuscus Salinator (January -February ) |
| suff. | Bellicius Tebanianus (replaced Salinator) (March) | |
| suff. | C. Ummidius Quadratus (replaced Tebanianus) (attested May) | |
| suff. | L. Pompeius Bassus (attested July/August ) | T. Sabinius Barbarus (attested July/August ) |
| 119 | Imp. Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus III | P. Dasumius Rusticus |
| suff. | A. Platorius Nepos (replaced Rusticus) | |
| suff. | M. Paccius Silvanus Q. Goredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus | Q. Vibius Gallus |
| suff. | C. Herennius Capella (November -December ) | L. Coelius Rufus (November -December ) |
| 120 | L. Catilius Severus Julianus Claudius Reginus II | T. Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus |
| suff. | C. Quinctius Certus Poblicius Marcellus (May–June) | T. Rutilius Propinquus (May–June) |
| suff. | C. Carminius Gallus (July-?) | C. Atilius Serranus (July-?) |
| 121 | M. Annius Verus II | Cn. Arrius Augur |
| suff. | M. Herennnius Faustus (March -April ) | Q. Pomponius Marcellus (March -April ) |
| suff. | T. Pomponius Antistianus Funisulanus Vettonianus (May–?) | L. Pomponius Silvanus (May–?) |
| suff. | M. Statorius Secundus | L. Sempronius Merula Auspicatus |
| 122 | M'. Acilius Aviola | L. Corellius Neratius Pansa |
| suff. | Ti. Julius Candidus Capito (July–October ) | L. Vitrasius Flamininus (July–October ) |
| suff. | C. Trebius Maximus (November -December ) | T. Calestrius Tiro Orbius Speratus (November -December ) |
| 123 | Q. Articuleius Paetinus | L. Venuleius Apronianus Octavius Priscus |
| suff. | T. Salvius Rufinus Minicius Opimianus | Cn. Sentius Aburnianus |
| 124 | M'. Acilius Glabrio | C. Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus Tebanianus |
| suff. | A. Larcius Macedo | P. Ducenius Verres |
| suff. | C. Julius Gallus (September -?) | C. Valerius Severus (September -?) |
| 125 | Marcus Lollius Paulinus Decimus Valerius Asiaticus Saturninus | L. Titius Epidius Aquilinus |
| suff. | Q. Vetina Verus[91] | P. Lucius Cosconianus |
| 126 | M. Annius Verus III (January -February ) | C. Eggius Ambibulus |
| suff. | ... Propinquus (replaced Verus) (March -?) | |
| suff. | L. Cuspius Camerinus | C. Saenius Severus |
| 127 | T. Atilius Rufus Titianus (January -March ) | M. Gavius Squilla Gallicanus (January -March ) |
| suff. | P. Tullius Varro (April ) | (D.?) Junius Paetus (April ) |
| suff. | Q. Tineius Rufus (May–September ) | M. Licinius Celer Nepos (May–September ) |
| suff. | L. Aemilius Iuncus (October -December ) | Sex. Julius Severus (October -December ) |
| 128 | L. Nonius Calpurnius Torquatus Asprenas II (January ) | M. Annius Libo (January -March ) |
| suff. | L. Caesennius Antoninus (February -March ) | |
| suff. | M. Junius Mettius Rufus (May–June) | Q. Pomponius Maternus (May–June) |
| suff. | L. Valerius Flaccus (July–September ) | M. [Junius Homullus ?] (July–September ) |
| suff. | A. Egrilius Plarianus (October -December ) | Q. Planius Sardus L. Varius Ambibulus (October -December ) |
| 129 | P. Juventius Celsus T. Aufidius Hoenius Severianus II | L. Neratius Marcellus II |
| suff. | Q. Julius Balbus (February -March ) | |
| suff. | Ti. Julius Julianus | Castus |
| 130 | Q. Fabius Catullinus | M. Flavius Aper |
| suff. | Cassius Agrippa (or "Agrippinus"?) | Ti. Claudius Quartinus |
| 131 | Sergius Octavius Laenas Pontianus | M. Antonius Rufinus |
| suff. | L. Fabius Gallus | Q. Fabius Julianus[92] |
| 132 | C. Julius Serius Augurinus | C. Trebius Sergianus |
| suff. | C. Acilius Priscus | A. Cassius Arrianus[92] |
| 133 | M. Antonius Hiberus | P. Mummius Sisenna |
| suff. | Q. Flavius Tertullus (July-?) | Q. Junius Rusticus (July-?)[92] |
| suff. | P. Sufenas Verus | Ti. Claudius Atticus Herodes[92] |
| 134 | L. Julius Ursus Servianus III | T. Vibius Varus |
| suff. | T. Haterus Nepos (in place of Servianus)[92] | |
| suff. | P. Licinius Pansa (September -October ) | L. Attius Macro (September -October )[92] |
| 135 | T. Tutilius Lupercus Pontianus | P. Calpurnius Atilianus (Atticus Rufus ?) |
| suff. | M. Aemilius Papus | L. Burbuleius Optatus Ligarianus[92] |
| suff. | Q. Lollius Urbicus | |
| suff. | P. Rutilius Fabianus | Cn. Papirius Aelianus Aemilius Tuscillus[92] |
| 136 | L. Ceionius Commodus | Sex. Vettulenus Civica Pompeianus |
| 137 | L. Aelius Caesar II | P. Coelius Balbinus Vibullius Pius |
| 138[93] | Kanus Junius Niger (Jan.-Mar.) | C. Pomponius Camerinus |
| suff. | M. Vindius Verus (April-June) | P. Pactumeius Clemens (in absentia) |
| suff. | P. Cassius Secudus (Oct.-Dec.) | P. Delphius Peregrinus Alfius Allenius Maxmius Curtius Valerianus Proculus M. Nonius Mucianus |
| 139 | Imp. Caesar T. Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius II (Jan.-Apr.) | C. Bruttius Praesens Fulvius Rusticus II |
| suff. | L. Minicius Natalis Quadronius Verus (July-Aug.) | L. Claudius Proculus |
| suff. | Ignotus (Sept.-Oct.) | C. Julius Scapula |
| suff. | M. Ceccius Iustinus (Nov.-Dec.) | C. Julius Bassus |
| 140 | Imp. Caesar T. Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius III (Jan.) | M. Aurelius Caesar (Jan.-Apr.) |
| suff. | Q. Antonius Isauricus (May) | L. Aurelius Flaccus |
| suff. | M. Barbius Aemilianus (Nov.-Dec.) | T. Flavius Julianus (Nov.-Dec.) |
| 141 | T. Hoenius Severus | M. Peducaeus Stologa Priscinus |
| suff. | C. Julius Pisibanus (May) | (Larcius?) Lepidus |
| suff. | T. Caesernius Statius Quinctius Statianus Memmius Macrinus | Ignotus |
| suff. | L. Annius Fabianus | Ignotus |
| 142 | L. Cuspius Pactumeius Rufinus (Jan.-Mar.) | L. Statius Quadratus |
| suff. | L. Granius Castus (Apr.-June) | Ti. Junius Julianus |
| suff. | M. Cornelius Fronto (July-Aug.) | C. Laberius Priscus |
| suff. | L. Tusidius Campester (Sept.-Oct.) | Q. Cornelius Senecio Annianus |
| suff. | (Sulpicius?) Julianus (Nov.-Dec.) | T. Julius Castus |
| 143 | C. Bellicius Flaccus Torquatus (Jan.-Mar.) | L. Vibullius Hipparchus Ti. Claudius Atticus Herodes |
| suff. | Q. Junius Calamus | M. Valerius Junianus |
| 144 | L. Hedius Rufus Lollianus Avitus (Jan.-Feb.) | T. Statilius Maximus |
| suff. | L. Aemilius Carus (Mar.-June) | Q. Egrilius Plarianus |
| suff. | Ignotus (July-Sept.) | Q. Laberius Licinianus |
| suff. | L. Marcius Celer M. Calpurnius Longus (Oct.-Dec.) | D. Velius Fidus |
| 145 | Imp. Caesar T. Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius IV (Jan.-Feb.) | M. Aurelius Caesar II |
| suff. | L. Plautius Lamia Silvanus (Mar.-Apr.) | L. Poblicola Priscus |
| suff. | Cn. Arrius Cornelius Proculus (May–July) | D. Junius (Paetus?) |
| suff. | Q. Mustius Priscus (July-Aug.) | M. Pontius Laelianus |
| suff. | L. Petronius Sabinus (Sept.-Oct.) | C. Vicrius Rufus |
| suff. | C. Fadius Rufus (Nov.-Dec.) | P. Vicrius |
| 146 | Sex. Erucius Clarus II (Jan.-Feb.) | Cn. Claudius Severus Arabianus (Jan.-Apr.) |
| suff. | Q. Licinius Modestinus (Sex.?) Attius Labeo (Mar.–Apr.) | |
| suff. | P. Mummius Sisenna Rutilianus (May–June) | T. Prifernius Paetus Rosianus Nonius Agricola C. Labeo Tetius Geminus |
| suff. | Cn. L. Terentius Homullus Iunior (July-Aug.) | L. Aurelius Gallus |
| suff. | Q. Voconius Saxa Fidus (Sept.-Oct.) | C. Annianus Verus |
| suff. | L. Aemilius Longus (Nov.-Dec.) | L. Stertinus Quintillianus Acilius Strabo Q. Cornelius Rusticus Apronius Senecio Proculus |
| 147 | C. Prastina Messalinus (Jan.-Mar.) | L. Annius Largus |
| suff. | A. Claudius Charax (Apr.-June) | Q. Fuficius Cornutus |
| suff. | Cupressenus Gallus (July-Sept.) | Q. Cornelius Quadratus |
| suff. | Sex. Cocceius Severianus Honorinus (Oct.-Dec.) | Ti. Licinius Cassius Cassianus (Oct.-?) |
| suff. | C. Popilius Carus Pedo (in place of Cassianus) | |
| 148 | L. Octavius Cornelius P. Salvius Julianus Aemilianus | C. Bellicius Calpurnius Torquatus |
| suff. | Satyrius Firmus | C. Salvius Capito |
| suff. | L. Coelius Festus | P. Orfidius Senecio |
| suff. | C. Fabius Agrippinus | M. Antonius Zeno |
| 149 | Ser. Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus | Q. Pompeius Sosius Priscus |
| suff. | Q. Passienus Licinus (July) | C. Julius Avitus |
| 150 | M. Gavius Squilla Gallicanus (Jan.-Feb.) | Sex. Carminius Vetus |
| suff. | --]mus (May) | C. Laberius Priscus |
| suff. | M. Cassius Apollinaris (July) | M. Petonius Mamertinus |
| 151 | Sex. Quintilius Condianus | Sex. Quintilius Valerius Maximus |
| suff. | M. Cominius Secundus (July) | L. Attidius Cornelianus |
| 152 | M'. Acilius Glabrio Cn. Cornelius Severus (Jan.-Mar.) | M. Valerius Homullus |
| suff. | P. Sufenas (Verus?) (April–June) | L. Dasumius Tullius Tuscus |
| suff. | C. Novius Priscus (July–Sept.) | L. Julius Romulus |
| suff. | P. Cluvius Maximus Paulinus (Oct.-Dec.) | M. Servilius Silanus |
| 153 | L. Fulvius Rusticus C. Bruttius Praesens | A. Junius Rufinus |
| suff. | Sex. Caecilius Maximus[94] (April–June) | M. Pontius Sabibus |
| suff. | P. Septimius Aper (July-Sept.) | M. Sedatius Severianus Julius Acer Metilius Nepos Rufinus Ti. Rutilianus Censor |
| suff. | C. Cattius Marcellus (Oct.-Dec.) | Q. Petiedius Gallus |
| 154 | L. Aelius Aurelius Commodus (Jan.-Mar.) | T. Sextius Lateranus |
| suff. | (Prifernius?) Paetus (Apr.-June) | M. Nonius Macrinus |
| suff. | M. Valerius Etruscus (?)[95] (July-Aug.) | L. Aemilius Iuncus (?)[96] |
| suff. | Ti. Claudius Julianus (Sept.-Oct.) | Sex. Calpurnius Agricola |
| suff. | C. Julius Statius Severus (Nov.-Dec.) | T. Junius Severus |
| 155 | C. Julius Severus (Jan.-Mar.) | M. Junius Rufinus Sabinianus |
| suff. | C. Aufidius Victorinus (Apr.-June) | M. Gavius ...[97] |
| suff. | Antius Pollio (November) | Minicius Opimianus[98] |
| suff. | (? D. Rupilius) Severus (December) | L. Julius Severus |
| 156 | M. Ceionius Silvanus (Jan.-Feb.) | C. Serius Augurinus |
| suff. | A. Avillius Urinatius Quadratus (Mar.) | Strabo Aemilianus |
| suff. | Q. Canusius Praenestinus (Nov.-Dec.) | C. Lusius Sparsus |
| 157 | M. Vettulenus Civica Barbarus (Jan.-Feb.) | M. Metilius Aquillius Regulus Nepos Volusius Torquatus Fronto |
| suff. | L. Roscius Aelianus (April) | Cn. Papirius Aelianus |
| suff. | C. Julius Commodus Orfitianus (July-Sept.) | C. Caelius Secundus |
| suff. | Q. Vilius Proculus[99] | Q. [...]binus |
| 158 | Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus (Jan.-Mar.) | Q. Tineius Sacerdos Clemens |
| suff. | M. Servilius Fabianus Maximus (July-Aug.) | Q. Iallius Bassius |
| suff. | Q. Pomponius Musa (Sept.-Dec.) | L. Cassius Juvenalis |
| 159 | Plautius Quintillus (Jan.) | M. Statius Priscus Licinius Italicus |
| suff. | M. Pisibanius Lepidus (April) | L. Matuccius Fuscinus |
| suff. | Cornelius Dexter (July) | Ignotus |
| suff. | A. Curtius Crispinus (Oct.) | Ignotus |
| 160 | Appius Annius Atilius Bradua (Jan.-Feb.) | T. Clodius Vibius Varus |
| suff. | A. Platorius Nepos Calpurnianus (Mar.-Apr.) | M. Postumius Festus |
| suff. | (? C. Septimius) Severus (May-June)[100] | Flavius |
| suff. | C. Prastina Pacatus (July-Sept.) | M. Censorius Paulus[101] |
| suff. | Ti. Oclatius Severus (July-?) | (Q.?) Ninnius Hastianus |
| suff. | ... Novius Sabinianus (Dec.) | |
| 161 | M. Aurelius Caesar III (Jan. 1-13) | L. Aelius Aurelius Commodus II |
| suff. | M. Annius Libo (Jan. 13-Feb.) | Q. Camurius Numisius Iunior |
| suff. | ? Julius Geminus Capellianus (Oct.) | T. Flavius Boethus |
| 162 | Q. Junius Rusticus II | L. Titius Plautius Aquilinus |
| suff. | Ti. Claudius Paullinus | Ti. Claudius Pompeianus |
| suff. | M. Insteius Bithynicus | |
| 163 | M. Pontius Laelianus | A. Junius Pastor L. Caesennius Sospes |
| 164 | M. Pompeius Macrinus | P. Juventius Celsus |
| suff. | Ti. Haterius Saturninus | Q. Caecilius Avitus |
| 165 | M. Gavius Orfitus | L. Arrius Pudens |
| 166 | Q. Servilius Pudens | L. Fufidius Pollio |
| suff. | M. Vibius Liberalis (March -?) | P. Martius Verus (March -?) |
| 167 | Imp. Caesar L. Aurelius Verus Augustus III | M. Ummidius Quadratus |
| suff. | Q. Caecilius Dentilianus (May–?) | M. Antonius Pallas (May–?) |
| suff. | (L.?) Sempronius Gracchus | |
| suff. | Q. Antistius Adventus Postumius (?) | |
| suff. | Ti. Claudius Pompeianus I | |
| 168 | L. Venuleius Apronianus Octavius Priscus II | L. Sergius Paullus II |
| suff. | Q. Tullius Maximus[102] | |
| 169 | Quintus Pompeius Senecio Sosius Priscus[103] | P. Coelius Apollinaris |
| 170 | C. Erucius Clarus | M. Gavius Cornelius Cethegus |
| suff. | T. Hoenius Severus | |
| 171 | T. Statilius Severus | L. Alfidius Herennianus |
| 172 | Ser. Calpurnius Scipio Orfitus | Sex. Quintilius Maximus |
| 173 | Cn. Claudius Severus II | Ti. Claudius Pompeianus II |
| suff. | M'. Acilius Glabrio | |
| 174 | L. Aurelius Gallus | Q. Volusius Flaccus Cornelianus |
| suff. | M. Aemilius Macer Saturninus[104] | |
| 175 | L. Calpurnius Piso | P. Salvius Julianus |
| suff. | P. Helvius Pertinax | M. Didius Severus Julianus |
| 176 | T. Pomponius Proculus Vitrasius Pollio II | M. Flavius Aper II |
| 177 | L. Aurelius Commodus Caesar | M. Peducaeus Plautius Quintillus |
| 178 | Ser. Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus | D. Velius Rufus (Julianus?) |
| suff. | Ti. Julius Frugi[105] | |
| 179 | Imp. Caesar L. Aurelius Commodus Augustus II | P. Martius Verus II |
| suff. | T. Flavius Claudianus | L. Aemilius Iuncus |
| suff. | M'. Acilius Faustinus | L. Julius Proculianus |
| 180 | L. Fulvius Rusticus C. Bruttius Praesens II | Sex. Quintilius Condianus |
| 181 | Imp. Caesar L. Aurelius Commodus Augustus III | L. Antistius Burrus |
| 182 | M. Petronius Sura Mamertinus | Q. Tineius Rufus |
| suff. | (?) Aurelianus[106] | (L. Attidius?) Cornelianus |
| 183 | Imp. Caesar M. Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus IV | C. Aufidius Victorinus II |
| suff. | L. Tutilius Pontianus Gentianus | |
| suff. | M. Herennius Secundus | M. Egnatius Postumus |
| suff. | T. Pactumeius Magnus | L. Septimius Flaccus |
| 184 | L. Cossonius Eggius Marullus | Cn. Papirius Aelianus |
| suff. | C. Octavius Vindex | Cassius Apronianus[107] |
| 185 | Triarius Maternus Lascivius | Ti. Claudius M. Ap. Atilius Bradua Regillus Atticus |
| suff. | M. Umbrius Primus | |
| 186 | Imp. Caesar M. Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus V | M'. Acilius Glabrio II |
| suff. | L. Novius Rufus | L. Annius ...vus |
| suff. | C. Sabucius Maior Caecilianus | Valerius Senecio |
| 187 | L. Bruttius Quintius Crispinus | L. Roscius Aelianus Paculus |
| 188 | L. Seius Fuscianus II | M. Servilius Silanus II |
| 189 | Dulius Silanus | Q. Servilius Silanus |
| suff. | (?) Severus[108] | |
| 190 | Imp. Caesar M. Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus VI | M. Petronius Sura Septimianus |
| suff. | L. Septimius Severus (May–?) | Apuleius (Atulenus?) Rufinus (May–?) |
| 191 | Popilius Pedo Apronianus | M. Valerius Bradua Mauricus |
| 192 | Imp. Caesar L. Aelius Aurelius Commodus Augustus VII | P. Helvius Pertinax II |
| suff. | Q. Tineius Sacerdos (March-?) | P. Julius Scapula Priscus (March-?) |
| suff. | L. Julius Messala Rutilianus | C. Aemilius Severus Cantabrinus |
| 193 | Q. Pompeius Sosius Falco | C. Julius Erucius Clarus Vibianus |
| suff. | L. Fabius Cilo Septiminus Catinius Acilianus Lepidus Fulcinianus | |
| suff. | M. Silius Messala (May–June) | |
| 194 | Imp. Caesar L. Septimius Severus Pertinax Augustus II | D. Clodius Septimius Albinus Caesar II |
| 195 | P. Julius Scapula Tertullus Priscus | Q. Tineius Clemens |
| 196 | C. Domitius Dexter II | L. Valerius Messalla Thrasea Priscus |
| 197 | T. Sextius Magius Lateranus | L./C. Cuspius Rufinus |
| 198 | P. Martius Sergius Saturninus | L. Aurelius Gallus |
| suff. | Q. Anicius Faustus[109] | |
| 199 | P. Cornelius Anullinus II | M. Aufidius Fronto |
| 200 | Ti. Claudius Severus Proculus | C. Aufidius Victorinus |
3rd century[edit]
4th century[edit]
5th century[edit]
5th century -after fall of Western Empire[edit]
6th century[edit]
The practice of choosing a Roman consul was abolished in 541[131] and the title was added to imperial titles.
| Year | Name |
|---|---|
| 542–565 | Post consulatum Basilii |
| 566 | Flavius Iustinus Augustus |
| 567 | Post consulatum Iustini Augusti |
| 568 | Flavius Iustinus Augustus II |
| 569–578 | II post consulatum Iustini Augusti |
| 579 | Flavius Tiberius Constantinus Augustus |
| 580–582 | Post consulatum Tiberii Constantini Augusti |
| 583 | Flavius Mauricius Tiberius Augustus |
| 584–602 | Post consulatum Mauricii Tiberii Augusti |
7th century[edit]
| Year | Name |
|---|---|
| 603 | Flavius Phocas Augustus |
| 604–610 | Post consulatum Focae Augusti |
| 608 | Flavius Heraclius |
| 609–610 | Post consulatum Heraclii |
| 611 | Flavius Heraclius Augustus II |
| 612–638 | II post consulatum Heraclii Augusti |
| 615 | Leontius (honorary) |
| 639 | Constantinus Heraclius Augustus |
| 640–641 | III post consulatum Heraclii Augusti |
| 642 | Flavius Constantinus Augustus |
| 643–668 | Post consulatum Constantini Augusti |
| 656 | Theodosius,[132] Paulus[132] |
| 668 | Constantinus Augustus |
| 686 | Justinianus Augustus[133][134] |
| 699 | Tiberius Augustus |
8th century[edit]
| Year | Name |
|---|---|
| 711 | Philippicus Augustus[135] |
| 714 | Anastasius Augustus |
| 718 | Leo Augustus |
| 742 | Constantinus Augustus |
| 776 | Leo Augustus |
| 782 | Constantinus Augustus |
9th century[edit]
| Year | Name |
|---|---|
| 803 | Nicephorus Augustus |
| 814 | Leo Augustus |
| 821 | Michael Augustus |
| 830 | Theophilus Augustus |
| 843 | Michael Augustus |
| 867 | Basilius Augustus |
| 887 | Leo Augustus |
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f Symmachi – Quintus Aurelius Symmachus (consul 391) was the grandfather of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus (consul 446), who in turn was the father of Quintus Aurelius Memmius Symmachus (consul 485), who in turn was the father-in-law of Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius iunior (consul 510) and the maternal grandfather of Flavius Symmachus (consul 522) and Flavius Boethius (consul 522) and Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, II, P 1322
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Decii – Caecina Decius Aginatius Albinus (consul 444) was the father of Caecina Decius Basilius (consul 463), who in turn was the father of (1) Caecina Decius Maximus Basilius iunior (consul 480) (who in turn was the father of (a) Flavius Albinus iunior (consul 493), (b) Flavius Avienus iunior (consul 501), (c) Flavius Theodorus (consul 505) and (d) Flavius Inportunus iunior (consul 509)), (2) Decius Marius Venantius Basilius (consul 484) (who in turn was the father of Basilius Venantius iunior (consul 508) and (3) Caecina Mavortius Basilius Decius (consul 486) (who in turn was 'presumably' the father of Vettius Agorius Basilius Mavortius (consul 527) – see Cameron; Schauer (1982). "The last Consul – Basilius and his Diptych". Journal of Roman Studies 72: 143. and Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, II, P 1324
- ^ a b c d e Fausti – Gennadius Avienus (consul 450) was the father of Anicius Probus Faustus (consul 490) and the grandfather of Rufius Magnus Faustus Avienus (consul in 502) (who in turn was 'probably' the father of Rufius Gennadius Probus Orestes (consul 530)) and Flavius Ennodius Messala (consul 506) – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 547. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.- and see Cameron; Schauer (1982). "The last Consul – Basilius and his Diptych". Journal of Roman Studies 72: 143. and Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, II, P 1322
- ^ a b Severini – Severinus (consul 461) and Severinus iunior (consul 482) were 'presumably' father and son, according to Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 499. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.
- ^ a b c d Both consuls were Easterners – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 18. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.
- ^ a b c Petronii – Rufius Achilius Maecius Placidus, (consul 481) was the father of Petronius Probinus (consul 489), who in turn was the father of Rufius Petronius Nicomachus Cethegus (consul 504) – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 513. ISBN 1-55540-099-X. and Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, II, P 1321
- ^ a b c d Boethii – Nar. Manlius Boethius (consul 487) was the father of the philosopher Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius (consul 510) who in turn was the father of Symmachus (consul 522) and Boethius (consul 522) – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 555. ISBN 1-55540-099-X. and Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, II, P 1322
- ^ a b c d Both consuls were Westerners – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 18. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.
- ^ a b Decii – Flavius Albinus iunior (consul 493) may have been the father of Anicius Faustus Albinus Basilius (consul 541) – see Cameron; Schauer (1982). "The last Consul – Basilius and his Diptych". Journal of Roman Studies 72: 143. and Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 617. ISBN 1-55540-099-X. and Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, II, P 1324
- ^ a b c Decii – Basilius Venantius iunior (consul 508) was the father of Flavius Decius Iunior (consul in 529) and Flavius Decius Paulinus iunior (consul in 534) – Bagnall et. al., p634 – and see Cameron; Schauer (1982). "The last Consul – Basilius and his Diptych". Journal of Roman Studies 72: 143. and Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, II, P 1324
References[edit]
- ^ Anthony Grafton and Noel Swerdlow, "Technical Chronology and Astrological History in Varro, Censorinus, and Others", Classical Quarterly, N.S. 35 (1985), p. 454-65
- ^ Lendering, Jona (2008). "Varronian Chronology". Livius.Org.
- ^ The fasti for the Gallic consuls under Postumus are incomplete, with the names of some ordinary consuls known, but not the year they served - see Martindale et al., Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire (1971), p. 1041
- ^ These consuls are omitted by Livy, likely due to confusion with the consuls of 506 BC
- ^ So Dionysius of Halicarnassus (V.36.1) and others. Livy II.15.1, however, names another pair: P. Lucretius and P. Valerius Poplicola. Alan Samuel explains this difference as Lucretius being an error for Larcius, due to confusion with Poplicola's colleague in 508 and 504 BC. (Samuel, Greek and Roman Chronology (Muenchen: Beck'sche, 1972), p. 256)
- ^ This pair of consuls as well as those of 489 BC are omitted by Livy.
- ^ So the Fasti Capitolini; both Livy and Dionysisus of Halicarnassus call him simply C. Servilius. Diodorus Siculus (XI.52.1) names C. Cornelius Lentulus as the colleague of Mamercus (Samuel, Greek and Roman Chronology, p. 256)
- ^ Both Livy and Dionysius of Halicarnassus omit all mention of this suffect consul
- ^ Aulus Gellius (17.21.13) names a different pair of consuls for this year: Menenius Agrippa and M. Horatius Pulvillus. B.W. Frier suggests his source may have been the Chronica of Cornelius Nepos, "who is cited three times in this passage". (Frier, "Licinius Macer and the Consules Suffecti of 444 B. C.", Transactions of the American Philological Association (1974-), 105 (1975), p. 84)
- ^ So Dionysius of Halicarnassus (IX.37.2) and Fasti Capitolini, which Livy admits is an alternative to the man he names as Mamercus' colleague, Opet. Verginius (II.54.3). Diodorus Siculus (XI.65.1) names L. Stoudios Iulius as Mamercus' colleague. (Samuel, Greek and Roman Chronology, p. 256)
- ^ R. M. Ogilvie opens his article on the line containing the consuls for this year with the words "One of the outstanding puzzles of the Capitoline Fasti." ("The Consul of 458 B.C.", Hermes, 89 (1961), pp. 379-382) The Fasti Capitolini adds a suffect consul with the cognomen Carve[tus] or Carve[ntanus] for the suffect of this year; Livy (III.25.1) names only the consuls L. Minucius and C. Nautius for this year, as does Dionysius of Halicarnassus (10.22.1; 11.20.1); Diodorus XI.88.1 gives L. Minucius the cognomen Karoutianos; the late sources the Chronicle Pascal and the Fasti Hydratus both present the cognomen Atratinus. Based on these contradictory entries, Olgivie notes that it "was the practice of the Annalists to collect together whatever material from whatever sources they could and to combine evidence from the tabulae pontificum, inscriptions, monuments and family tradition" and claims to have found here an example of such an interpolation.
- ^ Diodorus Siculus (XII.3.1) instead lists the consuls for this year as L. Quinctius Cincinnatus and M. Fabius Vibulanus
- ^ Two different praenomina have been reported for this person: Publius and Servius. If he was P. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus, he would be identical with one of the three ambassadors sent to Athens to study their laws; if he was Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus, he would be identical with the consul of 461 BC. (Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 46 n. 4
- ^ Three different praenomina have been reported for this person: Spurius, Lucius, and Titus. If he was T. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus, he would be identical with the consul of 462 BC; if he was C. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus, he would be identical with the consul of 455 BC. (Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 46 n. 3
- ^ Livy (iv.7.10) adds this pair of consuls, based on Macer's reading of the libri lintei; however they are not mentioned by Diodorus Siculus, and according to Cicero these two consuls became Rome's first pair of censors the following year. As a result modern authorities eliminate the consuls, the consular tribunes, or attempt to fit both into 444 BC. B.W. Frier argues that this textual issue "reflects an important historiographic conflict in the late Roman Republic." (Frier, "Licinius Macer", p. 79; this is the thesis of his article.)
- ^ Livy IV.12.6 records his praenomen as Lucius, while Diodorus XII.36.1 gives it as Titus.
- ^ Livy (IV.23.1–3) states Julius and Verginius were consuls, based on the testimony of Licinius Macer, while admitting Valerius Antias and Aelius Tubero both report M. Manlius Capitolinus and Q. Sulpicius Camerinus Praetextatus as consuls. Diodorus (XII.53.1) includes Manlius and Sulpicius with Ser. Cornelius Cossus as Consular Tribunes for the year. Broughton: "Of the three possibilities listed ... it seems least likely that the consuls of 435 continued in office this year. The second pair of of Consuls are repeated in the other tradition which reported Military Tribunes with consular powers." (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 62 n. 1)
- ^ Diodorus of Siculus (XII.77.1) inserts between the consuls of 428 and 427 BC the pair L. Quinctius Cincinnatus and A. Sempronius Atratinus
- ^ So Diodorus Siculus (XII.82.1); Livy names this consular tribune Naevius Rutilius, but in another passage (IV.35.6) states all four consular tribunes are Patricians, and in a third passage (IV.44.13) calls him Nautius Rutilus. So Broughton follows Diodorus.
- ^ So Broughton (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 69) following Degrassi, which is the praenomen Livy (IV.43.1) gives; the Fasti Capitolini has "N." which is a much common praenomen for the gens Fabii than Gnaeus. This praenomen would also indicate he is identical to the consular tribune of 415 and 407 BC, N. Fabius Vibulanus.
- ^ Livy (4.44.1) calls him L. Quinctius Cincinnatus III; the Fasti Capitolini reads [...] Cincinnatus II which would indicate he was T. Quinctius Pennus Cincinnatus II
- ^ So Diodorus Siculus (13.7.1); Livy has here Sp. Rutilius Crassus Cicurinus, but none of the Rutilii appear in the Fasti for the next 250 years, nor do they use the praenomen Spurius nor the cognomen Crassus. (Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 73 n.1
- ^ So Livy (IV.52.4), following Licinius Macer who attributed this reading to the libri lintei; Fasti derived from the Fasti Capitolini show it was Mugillanus. Olgivie notes that "is the only instance of a Papirius being attributed the cognomen Atratinus which is common among, if not confined to, the Sempronii", and on this basis argues that "the original list of 411 will have been a college of three consular tribunes, Papirius, Sempronius and Nautius". (Olgivie, "Consul of 458 BC", pp. 380f)
- ^ Livy (IV.61.4) instead has Gaius Fabius Ambustus, and treats him as a different person than the Consular Tribune of 401, 395 and 390 BC.
- ^ Livy adds to this college the two Censors M. Furius Camillus and M. Postumius Albinus Regillensis. (Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1 p. 82 n. 1)
- ^ The Fasti Capitolini is damaged where the cognomen would appear; Broughton suggests three identifications: P. Cornelius Scipio (Consular tribune 395 BC), P. Cornelius Cossos (consular tribune 395 BC) or P. Cornelius Maluginensis (consular tribune 397 BC). (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 90 n. 1)
- ^ Livy (5.29.2) omits all reference to Valerius and Cornelius, presenting L. Lucretius Tricipinus Flavus and Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus as the consules ordinaires for the year.
- ^ Livy (5.32.1) calls him M. Aemilius Mamercinus, indicating he is a different person than the four-time consular tribune of 389 BC forward.
- ^ Diodorus Siculus (XV.24.1) states that there were six consular tribunes this year. Livy (VI.5.7) provides the names of the five here; the Fasti Capitolini confirms the names of Sergius (whom Diodorus calls Servilius), Aemilius, and Menenius. Degrassi suggests for the sixth tribune either L. Cornelius or A. Manlius. (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 100 n. 1)
- ^ Diodorus Siculus (15.24.1) states that there were six consular tribunes this year, but Livy only lists five; Attilio Degrassi suggests either L. Cornelius or A. Manlius for the sixth member of this college; Broughton, based on the evidence of the Fasti Capitolini, suggests A. Manlius Capitolinus. (Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 100 n. 1
- ^ These are the nine consular tribunes the Fasti Capitolini lists for this year. Livy names only six (omitting C. Sulpicius Peticus, L. Aemilius Mamercinus, and Ti. Papirius Crassus), and Diodorus Siculus eight (omitting L. Papirius Mugillanus). Broughton notes, "Clearly Fast. Cap. has the most seriously interpolated tradition." (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1 p. 106 n. 1)
- ^ a b These two consular tribunes are only known from Diodorus Siculus (XV.51.1). Broughton suggests "Erenucius" may be a corruption of "Genucius" or "Minucius". (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 106 n. 1)
- ^ a b These two consular tribunes are only known from Livy (6.31.1)
- ^ Gary Forsythe, A Critical History of Early Rome (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006), pp. 368-70
- ^ a b The Fasti Capitolini states C. Licinius Calvus was consul in 364 BC and C. Lincinius Stolo in 361 BC; however Livy reverses these two.
- ^ Livy (7.18.10) notes that "in some annals" M. Popillius Laenas appears instead of Quinctius.
- ^ Diodorus Siculus (XVI.59.1) reports instead the consuls for this year were M. Aemilius and T. Quinctius.
- ^ a b c d The years 333, 324, 309 and 301 BC come from the Fasti Capitolini, but are not evidenced in other authorities, such as Livy, Diodorus Siculus, or Cicero. A. Drummond has persuasively argued that they are the introduction of the antiquarian Titus Pomponius Atticus (whose work is better known as the Varronian Chronology, which was adopted by the Fasti Capitolini) both to fix the synchonization of the Battle of Allia to 390 BC, and to provide precedent for Julius Caesar's use of annual dictatorships. "The Dictator Years", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 27 (1978), pp. 550-572
- ^ Broughton admits that the primary sources -- Livy, Diodorus Siculus, and the lists derived from the Fasti Capitolini -- "admit of four different identifications for Plautius and two for Cornelius". In short, Plautius may be C. Plautius Proculus (cos. 358 BC); P. Plautius Proculus, an otherwise unattested son of the consul; C. Plautius Decianus (cos. 329 BC); or C. Plautius Venno/Vennox, a brother of the consul of 330 BC. Likewise, P. Cornelius could be P. Cornelius Scapula or P. Cornelius Scipio Barbatus. (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 145 n. 1)
- ^ Livy (8.37.2-3) would prefer Aemilius to Aulius, but notes this form is found in some annals, and describes Aulius as consul iterum in 319 BC.
- ^ Livy (9.15.11) notes one source instead names as consul L. Papirius Mugillanus.
- ^ So Broughton; Munzer (De Gente Valaria 50, no. 50 and 38, n. 8) identifies this M. Valerius Maximus with M. Valerius Maximus Corvinus, consul in 312 and 289 BC. For the period 289-285 BC the only authorities for this list are late sources such as the "Chronography of 354", Fasti Hydratus and the Pascal Chronicle, which are often corrupt. (Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 186 n. 1)
- ^ For some reason Laevinus and Scaevola never entered office, and in their place Catulus and Philo served as consuls. (Broughton, Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. 1, p. 235
- ^ Unless otherwise noted, consuls from 100 BC through 81 BC are taken from Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. Philological Monograph No. 15. New York: American Philological Association, 1951
- ^ Unless otherwise noted, consuls from 80 BC through 1 BC are taken from Ronald Syme, The Augustan Aristocracy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986), pp. 455-458
- ^ Metellus died early in 68 BC; Vatia was elected to replace him, but Vatia died before he could enter office and Marcius continued as sole consul. (Dio 36.4.1; Broughton, Magistrates vol. II p. 137)
- ^ P. Cornelius Sulla and P. Antonius Paetus were elected consuls, but both were convicted of bribery under the Calpurnian Law. L. Aurelius Cotta and L. Manlius Torquatus were their replacement
- ^ a b c Dates of succession for this year is taken from John Bodel, "Chronology and Succession 2: Notes on Some Consular Lists on Stone", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 105 (1995), p. 285
- ^ Dates of succession for this year is taken from Bodel, "Chronology and Succession", p. 280
- ^ a b Dates of succession for this year is taken from Bodel, "Chronology and Succession", p. 287
- ^ Dates of succession for this year is taken from Darryl A. Phillips, "The Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus and the Election of Suffect Consuls under Augustus", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 46 (1997), pp. 106f
- ^ Aulus Terentius Varro Murena was consul designate for 23 BC, but died before taking office – see Swan, Michael (1967). "The Consular Fasti of 23 B.C. and the Conspiracy of Varro Murena". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology (Harvard University Press) 71: 235–247. JSTOR 310766.
- ^ Barrett, Anthony A. (2002). Caligula: The Corruption of Power. Routledge. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-203-13776-5.
- ^ August was apparently intended to be the other consul ordinarius, but never took office. Dates of succession for this year is taken from Phillips, "Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus", p. 107
- ^ Dates of succession for this year is taken from Phillips, "Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus", p. 107
- ^ Dates of succession for this year is taken from Phillips, "Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus", pp. 107f
- ^ Dates of succession for this year is taken from Bodel, "Chronology and Succession", p. 289
- ^ Sherk, Robert K. (1984). Rome and the Greek East to the death of Augustus. Cambridge University Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-521-27123-3.
- ^ Diana Gorostidi Pi, "Sui consoli dell’anno 13 d.C.: Nuovi dati dai fasti consulares Tusculani", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 189 (2014), pg 265-275
- ^ Hermann Dessau, Prosopographia Imperii Romani Saec I. II. III. (1987) Berlin. p. 91.
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor. [1]
- ^ Anthony Richard Birley, The Roman government of Britain (2005), pg. 43
- ^ Barrett, Anthony A. (2002). Caligula: The Corruption of Power. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 81. ISBN 058546488X.
- ^ Timothy Venning, John Drinkwater, Chronology of the Roman Empire (2011), pg. 400
- ^ Barbara Levick, Claudius (1993), pg. 95
- ^ Barrett, Anthony A. (2002). Caligula: The Corruption of Power. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 96–97. ISBN 058546488X.
- ^ Timothy Venning, John Drinkwater, Chronology of the Roman Empire (2011), pg. 401
- ^ Rutledge, Steven H. (2001). Imperial inquisitions: prosecutors and informants from Tiberius to Domitian. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 213–214. ISBN 0415237009.
- ^ Suetonius, Donna W. Hurley, Divvs Clavdivs (2001), pg. 112
- ^ Sextus Julius Frontinus, Robert Howard Rodgers, De aquaeductu urbis Romae (2004), pg. 279
- ^ Venning, Timothy; Drinkwater, John (2011). Chronology of the Roman Empire. London: Continuum. p. 425. ISBN 9781441154781.
- ^ Paul A. Gallivan, "Some Comments on the Fasti for the Reign of Nero", Classical Quarterly, 24 (1974), p. 299
- ^ The Senatus Consultum Trebellianum was dated to 25 August in his consulate with M. Trebellius Maximus. Digest 36.1.1
- ^ Shotter, David Colin Arthur (2005). Nero. London: Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 020302298X.
- ^ Velleius Paterculus (2011). Yardley, J. C.; Barrett, Anthony A., eds. The Roman History: From Romulus and the Foundation of Rome to the Reign of the Emperor Tiberius. Indianapolis: Hackett. p. xx. ISBN 9781603845915.
- ^ a b Syme, Ronald; Birley, Anthony Richard (1999). The provincial at Rome: and, Rome and the Balkans 80 BC – AD 14. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. p. 120. ISBN 0859896323.
- ^ Wellesley, Kenneth (2003). Year of the Four Emperors. London: Routledge. p. 115. ISBN 0203468996.
- ^ a b c d e f Gallivan, Paul (1981). "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96". Classical Quarterly 31: 186–220. JSTOR 638472.
- ^ a b Jones, Brian (1993). The Emperor Domitian. London: Routledge. p. 57. ISBN 0203036255.
- ^ Jones, Brian (1993). The Emperor Domitian. London: Routledge. p. 43. ISBN 0203036255.
- ^ Grainger, John D. (2004). Nerva and the Roman Succession Crisis of AD 96–99. London: Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 0203218078.
- ^ Rodgers, R. H. (1982). "Curatores Aquarum". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 86: 171–180 [p. 177]. JSTOR 311193.
- ^ Julian Bennett, Trajan: optimus princeps : a life and times (1997), pg. 91
- ^ Sherk, Robert K. (1980). "Roman Galatia". Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 1020. ISBN 311008015X.
- ^ a b c Fasti Septempeda, AE 1998, 419
- ^ Hall, Linda Jones (2004). Roman Berytus: Beirut in Late Antiquity. London: Routledge. p. 89. ISBN 0203499077.
- ^ Syme, Ronald (1969). "Pliny the Procurator". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 73: 201–236 [p. 229]. JSTOR 311156.
- ^ Or Valerius Messallinus; see Ronald Syme, Journal of Roman Studies, 43 (1953), p. 155
- ^ Syme, Ronald (1983). "Spanish Pomponii". Gerión. Revista de Historia Antigua 1: 254–255.
- ^ This was his second consulship, according to Julian Bennett, Trajan: optimus princeps : a life and times (1997), p. 82
- ^ Werner Eck and Andreas Pangerl had previously reconstructed the gentilium of this otherwise unknown person as "Accena", but a more recently discovered military diploma proved this is his correct name. Eck and Pangerl, "Eine Konstitution für das Herr von Moesia Inferior vom 1. Juni 125 in fünf Diplomen", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 188 (2014), pp. 245–249
- ^ a b c d e f g h Werner Eck, Paul Holder and Andreas Pangerl, "A Diploma for the Army of Britain in 132 and Hadrian's Return to Rome from the East", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 194 (2010), p. 194
- ^ Unless otherwise noted, consuls from 138 to 161 are taken from Werner Eck, "Die Fasti consulares der Regungszeit des Antoninus Pius, eine Bestandsaufnahme seit Géza Alföldys Konsulat und Senatorenstand" in Studia epigraphica in memoriam Géza Alföldy, hg. W. Eck, B. Feher, and P. Kovács (Bonn, 2013), pp. 69-90
- ^ Thus Ronald Syme and Alföldy. Fasti ostiensis reads ...]imus; Attilo Degrassi reads "C. Julius Maximus". (Eck, "Die Fasti consulares", p. 76)
- ^ Fasti ostiensis reads [...]cus; nevertheless Eck is definite that this is the same person as the legate of Legio III (Eck, "Die Fasti consulares", p. 77)
- ^ Fasti ostiensis reads L. [...]; Eck accepts the identification of Alföldy.
- ^ Identified by Alföldy as M. Gavius Appalius Maximus. (Eck, "Die Fasti consulares", p. 77 n. 24)
- ^ The son of the son of the suffect consul of 123. (Eck, "Die Fasti consulares", p. 77)
- ^ Or Q. Virius Larcius Sulpicius, both suggested by Eck. The inscription these suggestions are based on, IGR III 667 reads Q. V[...]SV[...]clus. (Eck, "Die Fasti consulares", p. 79)
- ^ Eck suggests that he may be identical to C. Septimus Severus, proconsul of Africa.
- ^ Ladislav Vidman, "Ein neuer Konsul des Jahres 160", Listy filologické / Folia philologica, 100 (1977), pp. 199-203
- ^ P. A. Holder, Roman Military Diplomas V, 2006, pg. 861
- ^ Salway, B. (1994). "What's in a Name? A Survey of Roman Onomastic Practice from c. 700 B.C. to A.D. 700". Journal of Roman Studies 84: 124–145. JSTOR 300873.
- ^ Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln Und Konsulare in Der Zeit Von Commodus Bis Severus Alexander (1989), pg. 449
- ^ CIL XVI 188 and H.Nesselhauf, Gnomon 26 (1954), p. 267
- ^ Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln Und Konsulare in Der Zeit Von Commodus Bis Severus Alexander (1989), pg. 129
- ^ David Stone Potter, The Roman Empire at bay, AD 180–395 (2006), pg. 72
- ^ Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln Und Konsulare in Der Zeit Von Commodus Bis Severus Alexander (1989), pg. 466
- ^ Mennen, pg. 86. Suffectus in absentia. It is uncertain which consul he replaced.
- ^ Olivier Hekster, Nicholas Zair, Rome and Its Empire, AD 193–284 (2008), pg. 117
- ^ PIR² T 31
- ^ Bowman, Alan K. The Cambridge Ancient History: The Crisis of Empire, AD. 193–337, pg. 120
- ^ Diocletian assumed the ordinary consulship in the east in opposition to Carinus in Rome – see Bagnall, Consuls of the Later Roman Empire (1987), pg. 105
- ^ From the Fasti Caleni, as published in Bagnall, Roger S., et al., Consuls of the Later Roman Empire (1987), p. 110
- ^ From the Fasti Caleni, as published in Bagnall, Roger S., et al., Consuls of the Later Roman Empire (1987), pp. 112–113
- ^ This Aetius was not the general of the Western Empire, but comes domesticorum of the Eastern court. Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association, 1989, p. 443
- ^ The nomen "Flavius" is attested in a surviving papyrus scroll from Egypt, dated 462 Uni-leipzig.de The cognomen "Serpentius" is attested in the 'Chronica Paschale' and by Theophanes Confessor (AM 5955)
- ^ "the first consul designated by a barbarian king" according to Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 495. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.
- ^ '[P]resumably a westerner' – Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 524. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.
- ^ A Gallic noble – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 557. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 986 and 462-63
- ^ '[C]ame of a distinguished but unidentified western family'- see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 561. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 913
- ^ '[A]n otherwise unidentifiable westerner' – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 565. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 477
- ^ '[A] westerner of distinguished but unidentified family' – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 566. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 871
- ^ a Visigothic prince from Iberia (modern-day Spain) – son-in-law and presumptive heir of the Ostrogoth king Theoderic the Great
- ^ '[A]n otherwise unknown westerner' – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 575. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 963
- ^ '[A]n otherwise unknown westerner' – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 577. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 1145
- ^ '[A]n unidentifiable westerner' – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 585. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 913
- ^ '[T]hought to have been a westerner, but there is no positive information' – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 587. ISBN 1-55540-099-X., citing Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II, 798
- ^ '[U]nknown' – see Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. p. 595. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.
- ^ Latin-Greek Inscription (AE 2004, 01410)
- ^ Vasiliev (1952), p. I 192.
- ^ a b Chapman, John. Buehler, Joe, ed. "Catholic Encyclopedia: Maxiums of Constantinople, Saint". Eternal Word Television Network.
- ^ Bede (1999). Halsall, Paul, ed. "Bede (673–734): Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation, Book V: Chapter VII". Medieval Sourcebook.
- ^ Justinian II adopted the title of consul for all the Julian years of his reign, consecutively numbered.
- ^ Thompson, Margaret. "The American Excavations in the Athenian Agora: Eighteenth Report (Jul. – Sep., 1940): Some Unpublished Bronze Money of the Early Eighth Century". Hesperia 9 (3): 358–380. doi:10.2307/146483.
Further reading[edit]
Primary sources[edit]
- Baiterus, Georgius (1837). "Consulares Triumphalesque Romanorum ad Fidem Optimorum Auctorum". In von Orelli, Johann Caspar. M. Tullii Ciceronis opera quae supersunt omnia, ac deperditorum (in Latin). Volume 12. Turici: Typis Orelli, Fuesslini et Sociorum.
- Attilio Degrassi. Fasti Capitolini. n.p.: G. B. Paravia, 1954
- An English translation of one version of this primary source can be found on attalus.org
- Mommsen, Theodor; Pearse, Roger, eds. (2006) [1892]. "Part 8: List (fasti) of the consuls to 354 AD". Chronography of 354. The Tertullian Project.
- Ladislav Vidman (ed.), Fasti ostienses. First edition: Praha: Československá Akademie Věd, 1957. Second edition: Praha: Academia, 1982
- Richard W. Burgess, "'NON DUO ANTONINI SED DUO AUGUSTI' The Consuls of 161 and the Origins and Traditions of the Latin Consular Fasti of the Roman Empire", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 132 (2000), pp. 259–290
Secondary sources[edit]
- Alföldy, Géza (1977). Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter den Antoninen (in German). Bonn: Habelt Verlag.
- Bagnall, Roger S.; Cameron, Alan; Schwartz, Seth R.; Worp, Klaas A. (1987). Consuls of the later Roman Empire. Philological Monographs #36. American Philological Association. ISBN 1-55540-099-X.
- Broughton, Thomas Robert Shannon; Patterson, Marcia L. (Collaborator). The magistrates of the Roman republic. Philological Monograph No. 15. American Philological Association. ISBN 0-89130-811-3.
- Camodeca, Giuseppe (1986). "I consoli des 55–56 e un nuovo collega di seneca nel consolato: P. Cornelius Dolabella (TP.75 [=1401 +135)*". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (in Italian) 63: 201–215.
- Camodeca, Giuseppe (1991). "Epigrafia. Actes du Colloque international d’epigraphie latine en mémoire de Attilio Degrassi etc.". Collection de l’ecole française de Rome 143 (in Italian). Rome: 45–74.
|contribution=ignored (help) - Degrassi, Attilio (1952). I fasti consolari dell'impero romano dal 30 avanti Cristo al 613 dopo Cristo (in Italian). Roma.
- Eck, Werner (1970). Senatoren von Vespasian bis Hadrian (in German). München: Beck.
- Eck, Werner (1975). "Ergänzungen zu den Fasti Consulares des 1. und 2. Jh.n.Chr.". Historia (in German) 24: 324–344.
- Gallivan, Paul A. (1974). "Some Comments on the Fasti for the Reign of Nero". Classical Quarterly. New Series 24 (2): 290–311. doi:10.1017/S0009838800032821.
- Gallivan, Paul A. (1978). "The Fasti for the Reign of Claudius". Classical Quarterly 28 (2): 407–426. doi:10.1017/S0009838800034959.
- Ginsburg, Judith R. (1981). "Nero’s Consular Policy". American Journal of Ancient History 6 (1): 51–68.
- Klein, Joseph (1881). Fasti consulares inde a Caesaris nece usque ad imperium Diocletiani (in Latin). Lipsiae: In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri.
- Leunissen, Paul (1989). Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (in German). Amsterdam: Verlag Gieben.
- Mennen, Inge (2011). Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193–284. BRILL.
- Smith, William; Anthon, Charles, eds. (1886). "Fasti Consulares". A dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities (Third American Carefully Revised ed.). New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers. pp. 1075–1092.
- Tortoriello, Annalisa (2004). I fasti consolari degli anni di Claudio (in Italian). Roma: Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei.
External links[edit]
- Livius.org: Varronian chronology
- Ross, Kelley L. (1996). "Consuls of the Roman Republic". The Proceedings of the Friesian School, Fourth Series.
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