List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives

The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution. The Speaker is second in the presidential line of succession, after the Vice President and ahead of the President pro tempore of the Senate.

Unlike some Westminster system parliaments, in which the office of Speaker is considered non-partisan, in the United States, the Speaker of the House is a leadership position and the office-holder actively works to set the majority party's legislative agenda. The Speaker usually does not personally preside over debates, instead delegating the duty to members of the House from the majority party. The Speaker usually does not participate in debate and rarely votes. Aside from duties relating to heading the House and the majority political party, the Speaker also performs administrative and procedural functions, and represents his or her Congressional district.

In the modern era, the Speaker is elected at the beginning of the new Congress by a majority of the Representatives-elect from candidates separately chosen by the majority- and minority-party caucuses. In cases of an unexpected vacancy during a Congress a new Speaker is elected by a majority of the House from candidates previously chosen by the majority and minority parties.^[1] While no rule exists, based on tradition and practice from the earliest days of the nation, to be elected speaker a candidate must receive an absolute majority of all votes cast for individuals, i.e. excluding those who abstain. If no candidate wins such a majority, then the roll call is repeated until a speaker is elected. There have been 14 instances of Speaker elections requiring multiple ballots.^[1] The Speaker is traditionally the majority party's leader in the chamber, although unlike other House leadership, there is no Constitutional requirement that the speaker be an elected member of the House (every house speaker to date has been an elected member of the House).^[2] The most recent election to occur mid-way through a Congress occurred on October 29, 2015, when it elected Congressman Paul Ryan of Wisconsin to the office.

Since the office was created in 1789, 54 individuals, from 23 of the 50 states, have served as Speaker of the House. The number from each state are:

One: Alabama, California, Connecticut, Iowa, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Washington, and Wisconsin;
Two: Maine, New Jersey, New York, and South Carolina;
Three: Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas;
Four: Kentucky and Virginia;
Eight: Massachusetts.

The longest serving speaker was Sam Rayburn, who served on three separate occasions between 1940 and 1961. Tip O'Neill had the longest uninterrupted tenure as speaker, serving January 4, 1977 – January 3, 1987. Theodore M. Pomeroy had the shortest tenure of any speaker, serving March 3–4, 1869. Six speakers—Henry Clay, Joseph William Martin, Jr., Frederick Muhlenberg, Sam Rayburn, Thomas Brackett Reed, and John W. Taylor—served non-consecutive terms of office. One Speaker, James K. Polk, went on to become the 11th President of the United States. Two, Schuyler Colfax and John Nance Garner, later became Vice President; additionally, Paul Ryan ran unsuccessfully for the office in 2012, prior to election as Speaker. In 2007, Nancy Pelosi became the first woman to serve as the House Speaker.

Speakers of the House of Representatives

The House has elected a new Speaker 124 times since 1789.^[1] Of the 54 people who have served as Speaker over the past 235 years, 32 served multiple terms. In some instances, those terms were non-consecutive. While listed multiple times, those with breaks in their time as Speaker been assigned only one index number.

Pro-Administration (2)^[a] Anti-Administration (1)^[a] Federalist (2) Democratic-Republican (6)^[b] Pro-Adams (1)^[b] Whig (4) Democratic (23) Republican (17)
Speaker		Party		State and district^[c]	Term of service	Congress
1	Frederick Muhlenberg	style="background:Template:Pro-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color;" \|	Pro-Administration	Pennsylvania At-large	April 1, 1789 – March 4, 1791	1st
2	Jonathan Trumbull, Jr.	style="background:Template:Pro-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color;" \|	Pro-Administration	Connecticut At-large	October 24, 1791 – March 4, 1793	2nd
1	Frederick Muhlenberg	style="background:Template:Anti-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color;" \|	Anti-Administration	Pennsylvania At-large	December 2, 1793^[d] – March 4, 1795	3rd
3	Jonathan Dayton	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Federalist Party/meta/color" \|	Federalist	New Jersey At-large	December 7, 1795 – March 4, 1797	4th
3	Jonathan Dayton	May 15, 1797 – March 4, 1799	Federalist	New Jersey At-large	5th
4	Theodore Sedgwick	style="background-color:Template:Federalist Party/meta/color" \|	Federalist	Massachusetts 1st	December 2, 1799^[e] – March 4, 1801	6th
5	Nathaniel Macon	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	North Carolina 5th	December 7, 1801 – March 4, 1803	7th
		North Carolina 6th		October 17, 1803 – March 4, 1805	8th
		North Carolina 6th		December 2, 1805^[d] – March 4, 1807	9th
6	Joseph Bradley Varnum	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	Massachusetts 4th	October 26, 1807 – March 4, 1809	10th
6	Joseph Bradley Varnum	May 22, 1809^[e] – March 4, 1811	Democratic-Republican	Massachusetts 4th	11th
7	Henry Clay	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	Kentucky 5th	November 4, 1811 – March 4, 1813	12th
7	Henry Clay	Kentucky 2nd	Democratic-Republican	May 24, 1813 – January 19, 1814^[f]	13th
8	Langdon Cheves	style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	South Carolina 1st	13th	January 19, 1814 – March 4, 1815
7	Henry Clay	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	Kentucky 2nd	December 4, 1815 – March 4, 1817	14th
		December 1, 1817 – March 4, 1819			15th
		December 6, 1819 – October 28, 1820^[f]			16th
9	John W. Taylor	style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	New York 11th	16th	November 15, 1820^[g] – March 4, 1821
10	Philip Pendleton Barbour	style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	Virginia 11th	December 4, 1821^[h] – March 4, 1823	17th
7	Henry Clay	style="background-color:Template:Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color" \|	Democratic-Republican	Kentucky 3rd	December 1, 1823 – March 4, 1825	18th
9	John W. Taylor	style="background-color:Template:National Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Pro-Adams	New York 17th	December 5, 1825^[e] – March 4, 1827	19th
11	Andrew Stevenson	rowspan=4 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Jacksonian (Democratic)	Virginia 9th	December 3, 1827 – March 4, 1829	20th
		December 7, 1829 – March 4, 1831			21st
		December 5, 1831 – March 4, 1833			22nd
		Virginia 11th		December 2, 1833 – June 2, 1834^[f]	23rd
12	John Bell	style="background-color:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color" \|	Whig	Tennessee 7th	23rd	June 2, 1834^[i] – March 4, 1835
13	James K. Polk	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Tennessee 9th	December 7, 1835 – March 4, 1837	24th
13	James K. Polk	September 4, 1837 – March 4, 1839	Democratic	Tennessee 9th	25th
14	Robert M. T. Hunter	style="background-color:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color" \|	Whig	Virginia 9th	December 16, 1839^[j] – March 4, 1841	26th
15	John White	style="background-color:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color" \|	Whig	Kentucky 9th	May 31, 1841 – March 4, 1843	27th
16	John Winston Jones	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Virginia 6th	December 4, 1843 – March 4, 1845	28th
17	John Wesley Davis	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Indiana 6th	December 1, 1845 – March 4, 1847	29th
18	Robert Charles Winthrop	style="background-color:Template:Whig Party (United States)/meta/color" \|	Whig	Massachusetts 1st	December 6, 1847^[d] – March 4, 1849	30th
19	Howell Cobb	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Georgia 6th	December 22, 1849^[k] – March 4, 1851	31st
20	Linn Boyd	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Kentucky 1st	December 1, 1851 – March 4, 1853	32nd
20	Linn Boyd	December 5, 1853 – March 4, 1855	Democratic	Kentucky 1st	33rd
21	Nathaniel P. Banks	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Massachusetts 7th	February 2, 1856^[l] – March 4, 1857	34th
22	James Lawrence Orr	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	South Carolina 5th	December 7, 1857 – March 4, 1859	35th
23	William Pennington	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	New Jersey 5th	February 1, 1860^[m] – March 4, 1861	36th
24	Galusha A. Grow	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Pennsylvania 14th	July 4, 1861 – March 4, 1863	37th
25	Schuyler Colfax	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Indiana 9th	December 7, 1863 – March 4, 1865	38th
		December 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867			39th
		March 4, 1867 – March 3, 1869			40th
26	Theodore M. Pomeroy	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	New York 24th	40th	March 3-4, 1869
27	James G. Blaine	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Maine 3rd	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1871	41st
		March 4, 1871 – March 4, 1873			42nd
		March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875			43rd
28	Michael C. Kerr	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Indiana 3rd	December 6, 1875 – August 19, 1876^[n]	44th
29	Samuel J. Randall	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Pennsylvania 3rd	December 4, 1876 – March 4, 1877	44th
		October 15, 1877 – March 4, 1879			45th
		March 18, 1879 – March 4, 1881			46th
30	J. Warren Keifer	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Ohio 8th	December 5, 1881 – March 4, 1883	47th
31	John G. Carlisle	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Kentucky 6th	December 3, 1883 – March 4, 1885	48th
		December 7, 1885 – March 4, 1887			49th
		December 5, 1887 – March 4, 1889			50th
32	Thomas Brackett Reed	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Maine 1st	December 2, 1889 – March 4, 1891	51st
33	Charles Frederick Crisp	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Georgia 3rd	December 8, 1891 – March 4, 1893	52nd
33	Charles Frederick Crisp	August 7, 1893 – March 4, 1895	Democratic	Georgia 3rd	53rd
32	Thomas Brackett Reed	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Maine 1st	December 2, 1895 – March 4, 1897	54th
32	Thomas Brackett Reed	March 15, 1897 – March 4, 1899	Republican	Maine 1st	55th
34	David B. Henderson	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Iowa 3rd	December 4, 1899 – March 4, 1901	56th
34	David B. Henderson	December 2, 1901 – March 4, 1903	Republican	Iowa 3rd	57th
35	Joseph Gurney Cannon	rowspan=4 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Illinois 18th	November 9, 1903 – March 4, 1905	58th
		December 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907			59th
		December 2, 1907 – March 4, 1909			60th
		March 15, 1909 – March 4, 1911			61st
36	Champ Clark	rowspan=4 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Missouri 9th	April 4, 1911 – March 4, 1913	62nd
		April 7, 1913 – March 4, 1915			63rd
		December 6, 1915 – March 4, 1917			64th
		April 2, 1917 – March 4, 1919			65th
37	Frederick H. Gillett	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Massachusetts 2nd	May 19, 1919 – March 4, 1921	66th
		April 11, 1921 – March 4, 1923			67th
		December 3, 1923^[o] – March 4, 1925			68th
38	Nicholas Longworth	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Ohio 1st	December 7, 1925 – March 4, 1927	69th
		December 5, 1927 – March 4, 1929			70th
		April 15, 1929 – March 4, 1931			71st
39	John Nance Garner	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Texas 15th	December 7, 1931 – March 4, 1933	72nd
40	Henry Thomas Rainey	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Illinois 20th	March 9, 1933 – August 19, 1934^[n]	73rd
41	Joseph W. Byrns, Sr.	style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Tennessee 5th	January 3, 1935 – June 4, 1936^[n]	74th
42	William B. Bankhead	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Alabama 7th	June 4, 1936 – January 3, 1937	74th
		January 5, 1937 – January 3, 1939			75th
		January 3, 1939 – September 15, 1940^[n]			76th
43	Sam Rayburn	rowspan=4 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Texas 4th	76th	September 16, 1940 – January 3, 1941
		January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943			77th
		January 6, 1943 – January 3, 1945			78th
		January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947			79th
44	Joseph William Martin, Jr.	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Massachusetts 14th	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949	80th
43	Sam Rayburn	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Texas 4th	January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951	81st
43	Sam Rayburn	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953	Democratic	Texas 4th	82nd
44	Joseph William Martin, Jr.	style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Massachusetts 14th	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955	83rd
43	Sam Rayburn	rowspan=4 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Texas 4th	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957	84th
		January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959			85th
		January 7, 1959 – January 3, 1961			86th
		January 3, 1961 – November 16, 1961^[n]			87th
45	John William McCormack	rowspan=5 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Massachusetts 12th	87th	January 10, 1962 – January 3, 1963
		Massachusetts 9th		January 9, 1963 – January 3, 1965	88th
				January 4, 1965 – January 3, 1967	89th
				January 10, 1967 – January 3, 1969	90th
				January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971	91st
46	Carl Albert	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Oklahoma 3rd	January 21, 1971 – January 3, 1973	92nd
		January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975			93rd
		January 14, 1975 – January 3, 1977			94th
47	Tip O'Neill	rowspan=5 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Massachusetts 8th	January 4, 1977 – January 3, 1979	95th
		January 15, 1979 – January 3, 1981			96th
		January 5, 1981 – January 3, 1983			97th
		January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985			98th
		January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1987			99th
48	Jim Wright	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Texas 12th	January 6, 1987 – January 3, 1989	100th
48	Jim Wright	January 3, 1989 – June 6, 1989^[f]	Democratic	Texas 12th	101st
49	Tom Foley	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	Washington 5th	101st	June 6, 1989 – January 3, 1991
		January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993			102nd
		January 5, 1993 – January 3, 1995			103rd
50	Newt Gingrich	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Georgia 6th	January 4, 1995 – January 3, 1997	104th
50	Newt Gingrich	January 7, 1997 – January 3, 1999	Republican	Georgia 6th	105th
51	Dennis Hastert	rowspan=4 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Illinois 14th	January 6, 1999 – January 3, 2001	106th
		January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003			107th
		January 7, 2003 – January 3, 2005			108th
		January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007			109th
52	Nancy Pelosi^[p]	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Democratic	California 8th	January 4, 2007 – January 3, 2009	110th
52	Nancy Pelosi^[p]	January 6, 2009 – January 3, 2011	Democratic	California 8th	111th
53	John Boehner	rowspan=3 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Ohio 8th	January 5, 2011 – January 3, 2013	112th
		January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015			113th
		January 6, 2015 – October 29, 2015^[f]			114th
54	Paul Ryan^[p]	rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color \|	Republican	Wisconsin 1st	114th	October 29, 2015 – incumbent

Notes

^ ^a ^b Frederick Muhlenberg served as speaker twice in the 1790s, before political factions became formal parties; initially he identified with the pro–administration faction, but later he aligned himself with the anti–administration faction.
^ ^a ^b John Taylor served as speaker twice in the 1820s; initially he was as a member of the Democratic–Republican Party, and later, when the party began to fracture, he sided with its pro–Adams faction.
^ The district listed is the district the speaker represented at the time they were in office, which might be different from Congress to Congress due to redistricting.
^ ^a ^b ^c Elected on 3rd ballot
^ ^a ^b ^c Elected on 2nd ballot
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Resigned from office
^ Elected on 22nd ballot
^ Elected on 12th ballot
^ Elected on 10th ballot
^ Elected on 11th ballot
^ Elected on 63rd ballot
^ Elected on 133rd ballot
^ Elected on 44th ballot
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Died in office
^ Elected on 9th ballot
^ ^a ^b Current member of the House of Representatives

Speakers by time in office

The length of time given below is based on the difference between dates; if counted by number of calendar days all the figures would be one greater. Also, as many speakers were elected multiple times, and to terms that were, in several instances, not consecutive, the length of time given for each speaker measures their cumulative length of incumbency as speaker. Further, time after adjournment of one Congress but before the convening of the next Congress is not counted. For example, Nathaniel Macon was Speaker in both the 8th and 9th Congresses, but the eight-month gap between the two Congresses is not counted toward his service. The exact dates of service for each individual speaker is shown in the Term of service column of the above table.

Sam Rayburn, longest serving speaker of the House,
17 years, 53 days (cumulative)

Rank	Speaker	Time in office	TE	OS
1	Sam Rayburn	17 years, 53 days	10	43
2	Henry Clay	10 years, 196 days	6	7
3	Tip O'Neill	9 years, 350 days	5	47
4	John William McCormack	8 years, 344 days	5	45
5	Dennis Hastert	7 years, 359 days	4	51
6	Champ Clark	6 years, 357 days	4	36
7	Carl Albert	5 years, 337 days	3	46
8	Joseph Gurney Cannon	5 years, 285 days	4	35
9	Tom Foley	5 years, 209 days	3	49
10	James G. Blaine	5 years, 93 days	3	27
11	Frederick H. Gillett	4 years, 341 days	3	37
12	John Boehner	4 years, 297 days	3	53
13	Schuyler Colfax	4 years, 176 days	3	25
14	Thomas Brackett Reed	4 years, 172 days	3	32
15	Nicholas Longworth	4 years, 133 days	3	38
16	William B. Bankhead	4 years, 102 days	3	42
17	Andrew Stevenson	4 years, 83 days	4	11
18	Joseph William Martin, Jr.	4 years	2	44
19	Nancy Pelosi	3 years, 363 days	2	52
20	Newt Gingrich	3 years, 361 days	2	50
21	Nathaniel Macon	3 years, 317 days	3	5
22	John G. Carlisle	3 years, 267 days	3	31
23	Samuel J. Randall	3 years, 215 days	3	29
24	Frederick Muhlenberg	3 years, 64 days	2	1
25	Joseph Bradley Varnum	3 years, 49 days	2	6
26	Jonathan Dayton	3 years, 14 days	2	3
27	Charles Frederick Crisp	2 years, 295 days	2	33
28	James K. Polk	2 years, 268 days	2	13
29 (tie)	Linn Boyd	2 years, 182 days	2	20
29 (tie)	David B. Henderson	2 years, 182 days	2	34
31	Jim Wright	2 years, 151 days	2	48
32	John White	1 year, 277 days	1	15
33	Galusha A. Grow	1 year, 243 days	1	24
34	John W. Taylor	1 year, 198 days	2	9
35	Henry Thomas Rainey	1 year, 163 days	1	40
36	Joseph W. Byrns, Sr.	1 year, 153 days	1	41
37	Jonathan Trumbull, Jr.	1 year, 131 days	1	2
38	John Wesley Davis	1 year, 93 days	1	17
39	Theodore Sedgwick	1 year, 92 days	1	4
40 (tie)	Philip Pendleton Barbour	1 year, 90 days	1	10
40 (tie)	John Winston Jones	1 year, 90 days	1	16
42	J. Warren Keifer	1 year, 89 days	1	30
43	Robert Charles Winthrop	1 year, 88 days	1	18
44 (tie)	James Lawrence Orr	1 year, 87 days	1	22
44 (tie)	John Nance Garner	1 year, 87 days	1	39
46	Robert M. T. Hunter	1 year, 78 days	1	14
47	Howell Cobb	1 year, 72 days	1	19
48	Langdon Cheves	1 year, 44 days	1	8
49	Paul Ryan	8 years, 179 days	1	54
50	William Pennington	1 year, 31 days	1	23
51	Nathaniel P. Banks	1 year, 30 days	1	21
52	John Bell	275 days	1	12
53	Michael C. Kerr	257 days	1	28
54	Theodore M. Pomeroy	1 day	1	26

Living former speakers

Since the resignation of John Boehner on October 29, 2015 there are four living former speakers. The most recent former speaker to die was Jim Wright (1987-1989) on May 6, 2015. The most recently serving former speaker to die was Tom Foley (1989-1995) on October 18, 2013.

Speaker	Years as Speaker	Current age
Newt Gingrich	1995 – 1999	(1943-06-17) June 17, 1943 (age 80)
Dennis Hastert	1999 – 2007	(1942-01-02) January 2, 1942 (age 82)
Nancy Pelosi	2007 – 2011	(1940-03-26) March 26, 1940 (age 84)
John Boehner	2011 – 2015	(1949-11-17) November 17, 1949 (age 74)

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Speaker Elections Decided by Multiple Ballots". history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved September 28, 2016.
^ "Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives". Clerk.house.gov. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

This article incorporates public domain material from List of Speakers of the House. United States House of Representatives.

External links

"Speaker of the House of Representatives". Official Website, Information about role as party leader, powers as presiding officer.
House Document 108-204 - The Cannon Centenary Conference: The Changing Nature of the Speakership, History, nature and role of the Speakership

[Muhlenberg-3] Frederick Muhlenberg served as speaker twice in the 1790s, before political factions became formal parties; initially he identified with the pro–administration faction, but later he aligned himself with the anti–administration faction.

[Taylor-4] John Taylor served as speaker twice in the 1820s; initially he was as a member of the Democratic–Republican Party, and later, when the party began to fracture, he sided with its pro–Adams faction.

[distnumb-5] The district listed is the district the speaker represented at the time they were in office, which might be different from Congress to Congress due to redistricting.

[3b-6] Elected on 3rd ballot

[2b-7] Elected on 2nd ballot

[resigned-8] Resigned from office

[22b-9] Elected on 22nd ballot

[12b-10] Elected on 12th ballot

[10b-11] Elected on 10th ballot

[11b-12] Elected on 11th ballot

[63b-13] Elected on 63rd ballot

[133b-14] Elected on 133rd ballot

[44b-15] Elected on 44th ballot

[died-16] Died in office

[9b-17] Elected on 9th ballot

[Current-18] Current member of the House of Representatives

[HouseHAA-1] "Speaker Elections Decided by Multiple Ballots". history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved September 28, 2016.

[2] "Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives". Clerk.house.gov. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

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