List of US Open men's singles champions
Location | Flushing Meadows, Queens New York City United States |
---|---|
Venue | USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center |
Governing body | USTA |
Created | 1881 (established) Open Era: 1968 |
Surface | Grass (1881–1974) Clay (HarTru) (1975–1977) Hard (DecoTurf) (1978–Present) |
Prize money | Total Purse: US $25,526,000 (2012) Winner: US$1,900,000 (2012) |
Trophy | US Open Trophy |
Website | http://www.usopen.org/en_US/about/history/mschamps.html |
Most titles | |
Amateur era | 7: Richard Sears William Larned (challenge round) 7: Bill Tilden (regular) |
Open era | 5: Jimmy Connors Pete Sampras Roger Federer |
Most consecutive titles | |
Amateur era | 7: Richard Sears (challenge round) 6: Bill Tilden (regular) |
Open era | 5: Roger Federer |
Current champion | |
Rafael Nadal (Second title) |
The US Open[a][b] is an annual tennis tournament created in 1881 and played on outdoor hard courts[c] at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows – Corona Park, New York City, United States.[1][2]
The US Open is played during a two-week period in late August and early September, and has been chronologically the last of the four Grand Slam tournaments of the tennis season since 1987.[3] Newport (1881–1914), Forest Hills (1915–1920, 1924–1977), and Philadelphia (1921–1923) held the event before it settled in 1978 at the USTA National Tennis Center, now the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, in New York City.[4] The inaugural tournament, in 1881, was reserved for United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) club members, before the championships opened to international competitors in 1882.[2] The USTA is the national body that organizes this event.
The men's singles' rules have undergone several changes since the first edition. From 1884 to 1911, the event started with a knockout phase, the All-Comers singles, whose winner faced the defending champion in a challenge round. The All-Comers winner was awarded the title six times (1888, 1893, 1898, 1901, 1904, 1907) in the absence of the previous year's champion. The challenge round system was abolished with the 1912 edition.[5] Since 1881, all matches but the All-Comers final and the challenge round were played as the best-of-three sets, before the event switched to best-of-five for all rounds in 1886. Best-two-out-of-three-sets matches were reintroduced for early rounds in 1917, from 1943 to 1945, and from 1975 to 1978.[5] Before 1884, the winner of the next game at five-games–all took the set in every match except the All-Comers final and the challenge round, which were won by the player who had at least six games and at least two games more than his opponent. This advantage format was introduced for the final sets of early rounds in 1884, and used for all sets in all rounds from 1887 to 1969.[5] The tie-break system was introduced in 1970 for all sets, in its best-of-nine points sudden death version until 1974, and in its best-of-12 points lingering death version since 1975.[5][6][7] In addition, the US Open is the only slam to have a fifth set tie-break, which has never occurred in the final since the tie-break was instituted.[8]
The court surface changed twice, from grass (1881–1974), to Har-Tru clay (1975–1977), to hard courts, since 1978.[9] The only man to win on all three surfaces, which are grass, Har-Tru clay, and DecoTurf was Jimmy Connors.
The champion receives a full-size replica of the event's trophy engraved with his name.[10] In 2010, the winner received prize money of US$1,700,000.[11] A bonus pool of $1,000,000 is also to US Open champions who have clinched the first place of the US Open Series.[12]
In the U.S. National Championships, Richard Sears (1881–1887), William Larned (1901–1902, 1907–1911) and Bill Tilden (1920–1925, 1929) hold the record for most titles in the men's singles, with seven victories each. Four of Sears' wins and all of Larned's, came within the challenge round format, and they won respectively only thrice and twice after going through a complete draw. Sears also holds the all-time record for most consecutive titles, with seven from (1881 to 1887); the first win came when the event was closed to foreign participants. Without the challenge round, the record stands at six, and is held by Tilden (1920–1925).[3]
During the US Open, since the inclusion of the professional tennis players, Jimmy Connors (1974, 1976, 1978, 1982–1983), Pete Sampras (1990, 1993, 1995–1996, 2002), and Roger Federer (2004–2008) have won the most championships, with five titles. Federer has had the most consecutive wins, with five (2004–2008).[3]
Champions
- Key
Regular competition |
USNLTA clubs members only event * |
All Comers' winner, Challenge round winner ‡ |
Defending champion, Challenge round winner † |
All Comers' winner, no Challenge round ◊ |
U.S. National Championships
US Open
Statistics
Multiple champions
Event only for USNLTA club members only* |
Title defended in the challenge round |
Competed in 2013 + |
Champions by country
Former country ¤ |
Country | Amateur Era | Open Era | All-time | First title | Last title |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States (USA) | 66 | 19 | 85 | 1881 | 2003 |
Australia (AUS) | 12 | 6 | 18 | 1951 | 2001 |
Switzerland (SUI) | 0 | 5 | 5 | 2004 | 2008 |
United Kingdom (UK/GBR)[g] | 4 | 1 | 5 | 1903 | 2012 |
Spain (ESP) | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1965 | 2013 |
Czechoslovakia (TCH) ¤[h] | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1985 | 1987 |
France (FRA) | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1926 | 1928 |
Sweden (SWE) | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1988 | 1992 |
Argentina (ARG) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1977 | 2009 |
Germany (GER)[i] | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1989 | 1989 |
Mexico (MEX) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1963 | 1963 |
Romania (ROU) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1972 | 1972 |
Russia (RUS) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
Serbia (SRB) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2011 | 2011 |
Other tournaments
Notes
- a Known as the U.S. National Championships during the Amateur Era.[2][4]
- b The tournament entered the Open Era with the 1968 edition, allowing professional players to compete alongside amateurs.[3][6]
- c The US Open specifically uses DecoTurf hard courts, categorized as a "Medium" speed surface by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).[13]
- d Each year is linked to an article about that particular event's draw.
- e The 1917 U.S. National Championships, taking place during World War I, were held as a National Patriotic Tournament awarding no prize to the winner.[14]
- f In 1970, 1971 and 1972 tiebreaks were "five point tiebreaks".
- g All four Amateur Era wins by players from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922).
- h Czechoslovakia (TCH, 1918–1992), evolved into Czech Republic (CZE, 1992–present) and Slovakia (SVK, 1992–present).
- i One win by a player from West Germany (FRG, 1949–1990).
References
- General
- "History > Men's Singles Championships". usopen.org. IBM, United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- "US National/US Open Championships" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- Specific
- ^ "Tournament profile – US Open". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-07-05.
- ^ a b c "History of the U.S. National Championships/US Open". usopen.org. IBM, United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-06-08.
- ^ a b c d e f "History > Men's Singles Championships". usopen.org. IBM, United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ a b c d "US National/US Open Championships" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ a b c d Axthelm, Pete (1967). Tennis observed: The USLTA men's singles champions, 1881–1966. Barre Publishers.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|coauthors=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b "History > Year-by-Year History". usopen.org. IBM, United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "Breaking with tradition". The Age. The Age Company Ltd. 2004-01-25. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
- ^ "Haas advocates 5th-set tiebreak". ESPN.com. ESPN. 2009-06-27. Retrieved 2009-09-25.
- ^ Adams, Susan B. (1998-08-30). "The U.S. Open: A Celebration – A Retrospective: The Men; Twin Pillars of Fire and Ice". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2009-07-14.
- ^ Fendrich, Howard (2008-10-09). "Federer feels 'much better ... than I ever have'". USA Today. Associated Press (AP). Retrieved 2009-06-24.
- ^ "2009 Prize Money". usopen.org. IBM, United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-09-23.
- ^ "Olympus US Open Series at a glance". usopenseries.com. United States Tennis Association. 2009-05-26. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
- ^ "List of Classified Court Surfaces". itftennis.com. ITF Licensing. Retrieved 2009-08-01.
- ^ Williams, Paul B. (1921). United States Lawn Tennis Association and the World War. United States National Lawn Tennis Association, Robert Hamilton company. OCLC 07888301. Retrieved 2009-09-25.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|coauthors=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (help)
External links