List of adoption dates of the Gregorian calendar by country

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of adoption dates of the Gregorian calendar by country. For explanation, see the article about the Gregorian calendar.

Except where stated otherwise, the transition was a move by the civil authorities from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar. In religious sources it could be that the Julian calendar was used for a longer period of time, in particular by Protestant and Eastern Orthodox churches. The historic area does not necessarily match the present-day area or country. The column 'Present country' only provides a logic search entry. With a few exceptions, the former colonies of European powers are not shown separately.

There are only four countries which have not adopted the Gregorian calendar: Ethiopia (Ethiopian calendar), Nepal (Vikram Samvat and Nepal Sambat), Iran and Afghanistan (Solar Hijri calendar).[1]

List[edit]

Legend

  Abandoning the Gregorian calendar
Flag Present country Historic area Year Date of the
last day
before the
change 		Date of the
first day
after the
change 		Days
omitted 		Particulars Source
Flag of Albania.svg Albania Albania 1912 14 Nov 28 Nov 13 Albanian Catholics have used the Gregorian calendar since 5 Oct 1583. [2][3]
Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 1918 17 Apr 1 May 13 [4]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Brixen, Salzburg, Tyrol 1583 5 Oct 16 Oct 10
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Carinthia 1584 6 Jan 17 Jan 10
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Duchy of Styria 1583 14 Dec 25 Dec 10
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 1918 17 Apr 1 May 13 [4]
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1585 21 Dec 1 Jan
(1586) 		10 [5]
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Lithuania Governorate 1800 11 Jan 1 Jan -11 Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Grodno Governorate 1915 22 Aug 5 Sept 13
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Soviet Russia 1918 31 Jan 14 Feb 13
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Flanders 1582 14 Dec 25 Dec 10 Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [6]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Liège 1583 10 Feb 21 Feb 10 Edict of Philip II of Spain followed [6][7][8]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Southern Netherlands 1582 20 Dec 31 Dec 10 or one day later; areas under Spanish rule: Artois, occupied Brabant, occupied Flanders, Hainaut, Limburg, Luxemburg, Namur [7][9][10]
Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria Bulgaria 1916 31 Mar 14 Apr 13
Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia French colonial empire 1863 N/A Previously used the Burmese calendar.
Flag of Canada.svg Canada French colonial empire 1582 9 Dec 20 Dec 10
Flag of Canada.svg Canada Nova Scotia 1710 13 Oct 3 Oct -11 Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Canada.svg Canada British Empire 1752 2 Sep 14 Sep 11
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China China 1911 12 "11th Month" 1 Jan
(1912) 		N/A Previously used the Chinese calendar. Because of a civil war, the official transition ended in 1929. The Minguo era was replaced by the Anno Domini era in 1949, but is still used in Taiwan.
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Bohemia 1584 6 Jan 17 Jan 10
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Moravia 1584 3 Oct 14 Oct 10
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Silesia 1584 12 Jan 23 Jan 10
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Denmark-Norway 1700 18 Feb 1 Mar 11
Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt Egypt 1875 6 Epag. 11 Sept N/A Previously used the Alexandrian calendar for fiscal purposes [11]
Flag of Estonia (bordered).svg Estonia Estonia 1918 15 Feb 1 Mar 13
Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg Faroe Islands Norway 1700 16 Nov 28 Nov 11
Flag of France.svg France France 1582 9 Dec 20 Dec 10 Excluding Alsace and Lorraine [9][10][12]
Flag of France.svg France France 1793 23 Sep 3 Vend. (II) N/A Introduction of the French Republican calendar
Flag of France.svg France France 1805 10 Niv.
(XIV) 		1 Jan
1806 		N/A The French Republican calendar ended.
Flag of France.svg France Sedan 1582 9 Dec 20 Dec 10 [12]
Flag of France.svg France Austrian Upper Alsace and Breisgau 1583 13 Oct 24 Oct 10 [13]
Flag of France.svg France Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg 1583 16 Nov 27 Nov 10
Flag of France.svg France Alsace, Protestant parts (except Mulhouse, see below), i.e. Strasbourg, and, on same date or shortly after, Protestant parishes over Alsace 1682 5 Feb 16 Feb 10
Flag of France.svg France Lorraine 1582 9 Dec 20 Dec 10
Flag of France.svg France Lorraine 1735 -11 Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of France.svg France Lorraine 1760 16 Feb 28 Feb 11
Flag of France.svg France Mulhouse 1700 31 Dec 12 Jan
(1701) 		11 [10][12]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Aachen 1582 31 Dec 11 Jan (1583) 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Augsburg 1583 13 Feb 24 Feb 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Baden-Baden 1583 16 Nov 27 Nov 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Bavaria, Regensburg, Freising 1583 5 Oct 16 Oct 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald 1583 13 Oct 24 Oct 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Cologne (archdiocese) 1583 3 Nov 14 Nov 10 [14]
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Jülich-Berg 1583 2 Nov 13 Nov 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Mainz 1583 11 Nov 22 Nov 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Münster, Duchy of Cleves 1583 17 Nov 28 Nov 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Osnabrück 1624 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Paderborn 1585 16 Jun 27 Jun 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Pfalz-Neuburg 1585 13 Dec 24 Dec 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Silesia 1584 12 Jan 23 Jan 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Trier 1583 4 Oct 15 Oct 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Westphalia 1584 1 Jul 12 Jul 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Würzburg 1583 4 Nov 15 Nov 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim 1631 15 Mar 26 Mar 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Bishopric of Minden 1668 1 Feb 12 Feb 10
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Germany, Protestant parts 1700 18 Feb 1 Mar 10
Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 1918 17 Apr 1 May 13 [4]
Flag of Greece.svg Greece Greece 1923 15 Feb 1 Mar 13 Excluding Mount Athos [10][15]
Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Hungary 1587 21 Oct 1 Nov 10
Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland Norway 1700 16 Nov 28 Nov 11
Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland O'Neill and O'Donnell Gaelic Lordships in Ulster 1584 10 Papal dispensation to return to Julian calendar applied for in 1630, in operation by 1641 [16]
Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Kingdom of Ireland 1752 2 Sept 14 Sept 11 The British Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 also applied to Ireland (as stated in its preamble). For details, see Calendar Act: Ireland.
Flag of Italy.svg Italy various 1582 4 Oct 15 Oct 10 [9][10]
Flag of Italy.svg Italy Tyrol 1583 5 Oct 16 Oct 10
Flag of Japan.svg Japan Japan 1872 2 "12th month" 1 Jan
(1873) 		N/A Previously used the Japanese calendar. Japanese era names still remain in use.
Flag of Laos.svg Laos French colonial empire 1889 N/A Previously used the Burmese calendar.
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Courland 1617 10 [10][17][14]
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Courland 1796 7 Feb 28 Jan -11 Return to the Julian calendar [10][17]
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Courland 1915 11 May 25 May 13
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Livland 1915 22 Aug 5 Sept 13
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1585 21 Dec 1 Jan
(1586) 		10 [18]
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Lithuania Governorate 1800 11 Jan 1 Jan -11 Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Kovno and Vilna Governorates 1915 11 May 25 May 13 [19]
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Duchy of Prussia 1612 22 Aug 2 Sept 10 North eastern Ducal Prussia is now part of Lithuania. [10][17]
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Duchy of Luxemburg 1582 20 Dec 31 Dec 10
Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro Yugoslavia 1919 14 Jan 28 Jan 13 [20]
Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar Burma (British Empire) 1885 N/A Previously used the Burmese calendar.
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Brabant 1582 14 Dec 25 Dec 10 Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [6][9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Drenthe 1701 30 Apr 12 May 11 [9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Frisia 1700 31 Dec 12 Jan
(1701) 		11 [9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Gelderland 1700 30 Jun 12 Jul 11 [9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Groningen (city) 1583 1 Mar 12 Mar 10 Edict of Philip II of Spain was: 10 followed by 21 February (proclaimed later) [6][9][22][23]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Groningen (city) 1594 19 Nov 10 Nov -10 Return to the Julian calendar [6][22][23]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Groningen (province) 1700 31 Dec 12 Jan
(1701) 		11 Stad and Ommelanden [9][21][22]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Holland 1583 1 Jan 12 Jan 10 Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed later on [6][9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Overijssel 1700 30 Nov 12 Dec 11 [9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands States General 1582 14 Dec 25 Dec 10 Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [6][9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Utrecht 1700 30 Nov 12 Dec 11 [9][21]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Zeeland 1582 14 Dec 25 Dec 10 Edict of Francis, Duke of Anjou followed [6][9][21]
Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea Joseon 1895 16 "11th month" 1 Jan
(1896) 		N/A Previously used the Korean calendar. Besides the Anno Domini era, the Juche era is in use.
Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia Yugoslavia 1919 14 Jan 28 Jan 13 [20]
Flag of Norway.svg Norway Denmark-Norway 1700 18 Feb 1 Mar 11
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Poland 1582 4 Oct 15 Oct 10 Local resistance [17]
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Duchy of Prussia 1612 22 Aug 2 Sept 10 Southern Ducal Prussia is now part of Poland [10][17]
Flag of Poland (bordered 2).svg Poland Silesia 1584 12 Jan 23 Jan 10
Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal Portuguese Empire 1582 4 Oct 15 Oct 10 [9][10]
Flag of Romania.svg Romania Transylvania 1590 14 Dec 25 Dec 10
Flag of Romania.svg Romania Romania 1919 31 Mar 14 Apr 13 [24]
Flag of Russia (bordered).svg Russia Duchy of Prussia 1612 22 Aug 2 Sept 10 Northern Ducal Prussia is now part of Russia. [10][17]
Flag of Russia (bordered).svg Russia Russia 1918 31 Jan 14 Feb 13 [25]
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 2016 28 DaH (1437) 1 Oct N/A Previously used the Islamic calendar. [26][27]
Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia Yugoslavia 1919 14 Jan 28 Jan 13 [20]
Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Duchy of Styria 1583 14 Dec 25 Dec 10
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Spanish Empire 1582 4 Oct 15 Oct 10 [9][10]
Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea Joseon 1895 16 "11th month" 1 Jan
(1896) 		N/A Previously used the Korean calendar.
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Swedish Empire 1700 28 Feb 1 Mar 1 Including Finland; introduction of the Swedish calendar [12]
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Swedish Empire 1712 30 Feb
(sic) 		1 Mar -1 Including Finland; return to the Julian calendar [12]
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Sweden 1753 17 Feb 1 Mar 11 Including Finland [12]
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Roman Catholic Diocese of Basel 1583 20 Oct 31 Oct 10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn, Le Landeron 1584 11 Jan 22 Jan 10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Obwalden, Nidwalden 1584 11 Feb 22 Feb 10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Thurgau, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Appenzell Ausserrhoden 1584 10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Appenzell Ausserrhoden 1597 -10 Return to the Julian calendar
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Lower Valais 1623 10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Graubünden (Catholic parts) 1623–1624 10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Valais 1655 28 Feb 11 Mar 10
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Switzerland, Protestant parts 1700 31 Dec 12 Jan
(1701) 		11 Basel, Bern, Neuchâtel, Sargans, Schaffhausen, Geneva and Zürich [10][12]
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Glarus (Catholic part) 1700 31 Dec 12 Jan
(1701) 		11
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland City of St. Gallen 1724 11
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Glarus (Protestant part) 1798 22 Jun 4 Jul 11
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Appenzell Ausserrhoden 1798 13 Dec 25 Dec 11
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Graubünden (Protestant part) 1783–1811 11–12 Communes changed at different times. Oberengadin and Bergel changed in 1783. In Schiers and Grüsch, 25 Dec 1811 was followed by 7 Jan 1812.
Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand Siam 1889 1 Apr N/A Previously used the Thai lunar calendar. The year numbering followed the Rattanakosin Era until 1912, when it was replaced by the Buddhist era; see Thai solar calendar.
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Ottoman Empire 1917 15 Feb 1 Mar 13 The year numbering followed the Rumi calendar until 1 Jan 1926, when the Anno Domini era was adopted.
Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine Ukrainian People's Republic 1918 15 Feb 1 Mar 13 [28]
Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2 aspect ratio).svg United Kingdom Kingdom of Great Britain and
Kingdom of Ireland 		1752 2 Sept 14 Sept 11 The Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 was passed to ensure alignment with the rest of Europe, but made no reference to Gregory. [9][10]
Flag of the United States (3-2 aspect ratio).svg United States of America French colonial empire and
Spanish Empire 		1582 9 Dec 20 Dec 10
Flag of the United States (3-2 aspect ratio).svg United States of America British Empire 1752 2 Sept 14 Sept 11 Some States adopted as their Common Law the laws of England in 1607, prior to the New Style Calendar Act.[citation needed]
Flag of the United States (3-2 aspect ratio).svg United States of America Russian Empire 1867 6 Oct 18 Oct 11 Alaska adopted the Gregorian calendar on incorporation into the United States, which preceded adoption by Russia. The International Date Line was changed, so only 11 days were omitted (a Friday was followed by another Friday). [29]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Heydari-Malayeri, M. "A concise review of the Iranian calendar". aramis.obspm.fr. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  2. ^ Social Security Administration (26 August 2005). "Program Operations Manual System (POMS): GN00307.180 Gregorian Julian Calendar". Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  3. ^ Qendra Mbarëkombëtare e Koleksionistëve Shqiptarë (5 October 2019). "5th October 1583, Gregorian calendar began to be used in Albania". Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  4. ^ a b c Законъ о введенiи въ ЗакавказьѢ новаго стиля.
  5. ^ Arthur Giry, „Zur gregorianische Kalendarreform in Polen“, in: Mittheilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung, vol. VI, 1885, pp. 626 seqq.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h (in Dutch) Archief voor vaderlandsche, en inzonderheid vriesche geschiedenis, part 2, p.19-26
  7. ^ a b (in Dutch) De Chronologie van de Middeleeuwen en de Moderne tijden in de Nederlanden, door E. I. STRUBBE en L. VOET, 1960 (PDF), p. 497
  8. ^ (in Dutch) Geschiedkundige Kring kanunnik Daris Borgloon, Kroniek van Borgloon
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q (in Dutch) Hoe schrijf ik de geschiedenis van mijn gemeente? (PDF), p. 94
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n (in German) Über die Abbildung der Zeit durch Kalender (PDF), p.5
  11. ^ United States Congressional Serial Set, Volume 1673
  12. ^ a b c d e f g The Reform of the Julian Calendar, p.24-25
  13. ^ Nørby, Toke (29 February 2000). "The Perpetual Calendar". Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  14. ^ a b Dr Hermann Grotefend (1922). Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des deutschen Mittelalters und der Neuzeit. Hanover. p. 27.
  15. ^ On 10/23 March 1924 the Greek Orthodox Church adopted the Revised Julian calendar. While the date is the same as the Gregorian until 2800, the rule for centennial years is that only those giving remainder 200 or 600 on division by 900 are leap years. At the time of the abandonment of the Julian calendar for civil purposes the rule for centennial leap years was that only those giving remainder 0 and 400 would be leap years. This was changed because 2000 would not have been a leap year.
  16. ^ Morgan, Hiram (2006). "'The Pope's new invention': the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in Ireland, 1583-1782" (PDF). CELT, the Corpus of Electronic Texts. Retrieved 10 January 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ^ a b c d e f (in German) F.K. GINZEL: Handbuch...Das Zeitrechnungswesen der Völker Bd 3, p.266,271, 295
  18. ^ Arthur Giry, „Zur gregorianische Kalendarreform in Polen“, in: Mittheilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung, vol. VI, 1885, pp. 626 seqq.
  19. ^ cf. 5th ordinance of 21 May 1915, in: Verordnungsblatt der Deutschen Verwaltung für Litauen, Tilsit: Lithuania, 1915.
  20. ^ a b c Zakon o izjednačenju starog i novog kalendara.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j (in Dutch) hoofdstuk 4. het archiveringssysteem van de staten-generaal (PDF), p. 280
  22. ^ a b c (in Dutch) Universiteit van het Noorden: vier eeuwen academisch leven in Groningen, part 1, p. 56
  23. ^ a b (in Dutch) note 3: Dr. J. Smit, article "De invoering van de Gregoriaansche tijdrekening in de Noordelijke Nederlanden" in "Bijdragen voor Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis en Oudheidkunde", VI series, part VIII, 1929
  24. ^ Monitorul Oficial al României, nr. 274, 6 martie 1919, pp. 6114—6115.
  25. ^ History of calendar in Russia and the USSR (in Russian)
  26. ^ Rasooldeen, Mohammed; Hassan, Rashid (3 October 2016). "KSA switches to Gregorian calendar".
  27. ^ "Saudi Arabia adopts the Gregorian calendar". The Economist. 15 December 2016.
  28. ^ Україна від найдавніших часів до сьогодення: Хронологічний довідник. — К., 1995. — С. 261.
  29. ^ Dershowitz, Nachum; Reingold, Edward M. (2008). Calendrical Calculations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 9780521885409.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_adoption_dates_of_the_Gregorian_calendar_by_country&oldid=1144484591"