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List of cities with the most skyscrapers

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Hong Kong has over 550 skyscrapers, the most of any city in the world
Shenzhen has over 400 skyscrapers, the second most of any city, and the most skyscrapers when measured by buildings taller than 200 m (656 ft)
New York City, with over 300 skyscrapers, has the most in North America and the Western Hemisphere

This is a list of cities with most skyscrapers. For the purposes of this article, a skyscraper is defined as a continuously habitable high-rise building that is taller than 150 meters (492 feet).[1][2] Historically, the term first referred to buildings with 10 to 20 floors in the 1880s. The definition shifted with advancing construction technology during the 20th century which allowed for taller buildings to be constructed.[1]

Hong Kong is the city with the most skyscrapers, with a total of 569 such buildings as of 2026, followed by Shenzhen, New York City, Mumbai, and Dubai. Historically, New York City was the city with the most skyscrapers from the development of early skyscrapers until the early 2000s, when it was overtaken by Hong Kong. The country with the most cities that have at least 30 skyscrapers is China, with 28, followed by the United States, with five. With the exception of New York City, the ten cities with the most skyscrapers are all in Asia; four of them are in mainland China.

The title of the city with the most skyscrapers changes if alternative definitions for skyscraper are used. For example, when measured by the number of buildings taller than 200 m (656 ft), Shenzhen and Dubai rank higher than Hong Kong. The ranking also depends on whether the wider metropolitan areas are counted; some metropolitan areas, such as Metro Manila, have many skyscrapers spread across several cities. There are 20 cities with at least 100 skyscrapers taller than 150 m (492 ft). The first city to reach this milestone was New York City, and the most recent to do so was Moscow in 2025. If metropolitan areas are counted, Seoul and Metro Manila also surpass 100 skyscrapers.

New York City, with 323 skyscrapers, remains the city with the most in North America. Melbourne has the largest skyline out of any city in Oceania, with 77 skyscrapers. Moscow has the most skyscrapers in Europe, with 60. The Brazilian city of Balneário Camboriú has the most in South America, with 30, although São Paulo is the city with the most high-rises on the continent. The city with the most skyscrapers in Africa is Johannesburg, with five such buildings.

Cities with the most skyscrapers

This list includes every city with more than 30 skyscrapers taller than 150 metres (492 ft), as of January 2026. A main source for this article is the Skyscraper Center database, which is managed by the Council on Vertical Urbanism (CVU).[3] The CVU's figures may undercount a city's actual number of skyscrapers, and are unreliable for many non-Western cities due to incomplete data on high-rise buildings.[4] In this article, figures from the linked Wikipedia pages are used instead for Bangkok, Hyderabad, Miami, Moscow, Mumbai, Taipei, Thane, Tokyo, and Toronto.

Dubai has the most skyscrapers of any city in the Middle East, and the tallest building in the world, the Burj Khalifa
Guangzhou is part of the Pearl River Delta alongside Hong Kong and Shenzhen; the urban agglomeration has over 1,000 skyscrapers
Tokyo is the city with the most skyscrapers in East Asia outside of China and Hong Kong.
From the 1920s to the 1990s, Chicago had the second-most skyscrapers in the world
Chengdu has the most skyscrapers of any city without a supertall skyscraper
Mumbai has the most skyscrapers in South Asia by a wide margin
Melbourne has the most skyscrapers in Oceania, and is the southernmost city with over 30 skyscrapers
Despite being China's capital and second-largest city, Beijing ranks 13th in mainland China for number of skyscrapers
Panama City has the most skyscrapers of any city in Central America and all of Latin America
Istanbul has skyscrapers on both sides of the Bosporus, making it the only city to have skyscrapers on two continents, Asia and Europe
Moscow, with 100 skyscrapers, has the most in Europe
Makati, with 55 skyscrapers, makes up less than half of the total number of skyscrapers in Metro Manila
Hefei is one of 16 cities in China with at least 50 skyscrapers
Osaka has the second most skyscrapers in Japan
Before Brexit, London had the most skyscrapers in the European Union
Houston has the most skyscrapers in the U.S. state of Texas
Malaysia is the least populous country to have three cities with at least 30 skyscrapers. Shown above is Johor Bahru
The resort city of Balneário Camboriú is the only city in South America with at least 30 skyscrapers
Los Angeles has the most skyscrapers in the U.S. state of California
Rank City Country Image No. of skyscrapers
1 Hong Kong  Hong Kong 569
2 Shenzhen  China 465
3 New York City  United States 324
4 Mumbai  India 278[a]
5 Dubai  United Arab Emirates 269
6 Guangzhou  China 209
7 Wuhan  China 209
8 Shanghai  China 205
9 Bangkok  Thailand 204[b]
10 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 201
11 Tokyo  Japan 200[b]
12 Chongqing  China 151
13 Chicago  United States 137
14 Chengdu  China 136
15 Jakarta  Indonesia 117
16 Toronto  Canada 108[b]
17 Shenyang  China 101
18 Hangzhou  China 100
19 Moscow  Russia 100[b]
20 Singapore  Singapore 100
21 Nanning  China 93
22 Changsha  China 91
23 Seoul  South Korea 86
24 Nanjing  China 82
25 Melbourne  Australia 79
26 Tianjin  China 79
27 Busan  South Korea 77
28 Beijing  China 70
29 Miami  United States 69[b]
30 Panama City  Panama 68
31 Zhuhai  China 60
32 Dalian  China 59
33 Makati  Philippines 58
34 Doha  Qatar 57
35 Istanbul  Turkey 57
36 Sydney  Australia 53[c]
37 Suzhou  China 51
38 Incheon  South Korea 50
39 Hefei  China 49
40 Hyderabad  India Kokapet_Skyline_from_Neopolis_–_Evening_View 48[a]
41 Osaka  Japan 46
42 Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates 45
43 Foshan  China 43
44 London  United Kingdom 42
45 Jinan  China 41
46 Nanchang  China 41
47 Houston  United States 40
48 Qingdao  China 40
49 Xiamen  China 40
50 Guiyang  China 39
51 Penang[d]  Malaysia 38
52 Thane  India 36[a]
53 Johor Bahru  Malaysia 35
54 Kunming  China 34
55 Macau  Macau 33
56 Ningbo  China 32
57 Balneário Camboriú  Brazil 31
58 Los Angeles  United States 31
59 Xi'an  China 31
60 Mexico City  Mexico 30
61 Wuxi  China 30

Metropolitan areas with the most skyscrapers

This list ranks metropolitan areas with the most completed skyscrapers that are taller than 150 m (492 ft) as of January 2026. Metropolitan areas with over 50 skyscrapers are shown. Unless indicated in the above list or otherwise, the number of skyscrapers is given by the Council on Vertical Urbanism (CVU).

Rank Metropolitan area Country Image Skyscrapers Cities included (number of skyscrapers)
1 Hong Kong  Hong Kong 569 Hong Kong (569)
2 Shenzhen  China 465 Shenzhen (465)
3 New York City  United States 346 New York City (324), Jersey City (20), Fort Lee (2)
4 Mumbai  India 331 Mumbai (278), Thane (36), Navi Mumbai (17)
5 Dubai  United Arab Emirates 296 Dubai (269), Sharjah (26), Ajman (1)
6 Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 243 Kuala Lumpur (201), Petaling Jaya (13), Ampang Jaya (12), Shah Alam (6), Cyberjaya (4), Subang Jaya (4), Putrajaya (3)
7 Tokyo  Japan 230 Tokyo (200), Kawasaki (10), Yokohama (9), Chiba (6), Saitama (2), Hachioji (1), Ichikawa (1), Kawaguchi (1)
8 Bangkok  Thailand 209 Bangkok (204), Nonthaburi (5)
9 Guangzhou  China 209 Guangzhou (209)
10 Wuhan  China 209 Wuhan (209)
11 Shanghai  China 205 Shanghai (205)
12 Seoul  South Korea 167 Seoul (86), Incheon (50), Goyang (14), Gwangmyeong (6), Hwaseong (4), Anyang (2), Bucheon (2), Suwon (2), Seongnam (1)
13 Chongqing  China 151 Chongqing (151)
14 Chicago  United States 137 Chicago (137)
15 Chengdu  China 136 Chengdu (136)
16 Manila  Philippines 129 Makati (57), Taguig (19), Mandaluyong (18), Pasig (14), Quezon City (10), Manila (9), San Juan (2)
17 Jakarta  Indonesia 124 Jakarta (117), Tangerang (5), Bekasi (2)
18 Toronto  Canada 122 Toronto (108), Vaughan (8), Mississauga (6)
19 Shenyang  China 101 Shenyang (101)
20 Hangzhou  China 100 Hangzhou (100)
21 Moscow  Russia 100 Moscow (100)
22 Singapore  Singapore 100 Singapore (100)
23 Nanning  China 93 Nanning (93)
24 Changsha  China 91 Changsha (91)
25 Miami  United States 91 Miami (69), Sunny Isles Beach (17), Miami Beach (3), Fort Lauderdale (1), Hallandale Beach (1)
26 Busan  South Korea 82 Busan (77), Ulsan (5)
27 Nanjing  China 82 Nanjing (82)
28 Melbourne  Australia 79 Melbourne (79)
29 Tianjin  China 79 Tianjin (79)
30 Beijing  China 70 Beijing (70)
31 Panama City  Panama 68 Panama City (68)
32 Zhuhai  China 60 Zhuhai (60)
33 Dalian  China 59 Dalian (59)
34 Doha  Qatar 57 Doha (57)
35 Istanbul  Turkey 57 Istanbul (57)
36 Osaka  Japan 53 Osaka (46), Kobe (6), Izumisano (1)
37 Sydney  Australia 53 Sydney (53)
38 Suzhou  China 51 Suzhou (51)
39 Hefei  China 49 Hefei (49)
40 Hyderabad  India Kokapet_Skyline_from_Neopolis_–_Evening_View 48 Hyderabad (48)
41 Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates 45 Abu Dhabi (45)
42 Foshan  China 43 Foshan (43)
43 London  United Kingdom 42 London (42)
44 Jinan  China 42 Jinan (42)
45 Nanchang  China 41 Nanchang (41)
46 Houston  United States 40 Houston (40)
47 Qingdao  China 40 Qingdao (40)
48 Tel Aviv  Israel 40 Tel Aviv (24), Bnei Brak (5), Petah Tikva (4) Ramat Gan (4), Givatayim (2), Bat Yam (1)
49 Xiamen  China 40 Xiamen (40)
50 Guiyang  China 39 Guiyang (39)
51 Taipei  Taiwan 39[e] New Taipei City (23), Taipei (16)
52 Penang  Malaysia 38 Penang (38)
53 Johor Bahru  Malaysia 35 Johor Bahru (35)
54 Kunming  China 34 Kunming (34)
55 Macau  Macau 33 Macau (33)
56 Balneário Camboriú  Brazil 32 Balneário Camboriú (31), Itapema (1)
57 Mexico City  Mexico 32 Mexico City (30), Huixquilucan (2)
58 Ningbo  China 32 Ningbo (32)
59 Los Angeles  United States 31 Los Angeles (31)
60 Vancouver  Canada 30 Burnaby (17),[b] Vancouver (7), Coquitlam (4).[b] New Westminster (1), Surrey (1)
61 Wuxi  China 30 Wuxi (30)
62 Xi'an  China 30 Xi'an (30)

Map of cities with the most skyscrapers

The following maps shows the location of every city and urban area with over 30 skyscrapers taller than 150 m (492 ft). Cities with over 100 skyscrapers are indicated by blue dots. Labels in italics indicate metropolitan areas with over 30 skyscrapers, but without any individual city that reaches that number. Cities in China and South Korea are labelled on the lower map due the lack of space on the upper map.

List of cities with the most skyscrapers is located in Earth
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
New York City
New York City
Dubai
Dubai
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Tokyo
Tokyo
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Chicago
Chicago
Bangkok
Bangkok
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Jakarta
Jakarta
Mumbai
Mumbai
Toronto
Toronto
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Singapore
Singapore
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Melbourne
Melbourne
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Panama City
Panama City
Miami
Miami
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Doha
Doha
Istanbul
Istanbul
Moscow
Moscow
Makati
Makati
Sydney
Sydney
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Osaka
Osaka
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi
London
London
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Houston
Houston
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Penang
Penang
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Johor Bahru
Johor Bahru
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Balneário Camboriú
Balneário Camboriú
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv
Taipei
Taipei
Mexico City
Mexico City
Hyderabad
Hyderabad
Vancouver
Vancouver
Cities with at least 30 skyscrapers taller than 150 m (492 ft) as of 2026
List of cities with the most skyscrapers is located in China
Hong Kong, Shenzhen
Hong Kong, Shenzhen
List of cities with the most skyscrapers
Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Shanghai
Shanghai
Wuhan
Wuhan
Tokyo
Tokyo
Chongqing
Chongqing
Chengdu
Chengdu
Mumbai
Mumbai
Shenyang
Shenyang
Nanning
Nanning
Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Seoul
Seoul
Changsha
Changsha
Nanjing
Nanjing
Busan
Busan
Tianjin
Tianjin
Beijing
Beijing
Zhuhai
Zhuhai
Dalian
Dalian
Hefei
Hefei
Incheon
Incheon
Osaka
Osaka
Suzhou
Suzhou
Jinan
Jinan
Foshan
Foshan
Qingdao
Qingdao
Nanchang
Nanchang
Xiamen
Xiamen
Guiyang
Guiyang
Macau
Macau
Kunming
Kunming
Ningbo
Ningbo
Wuxi
Wuxi
Xi'an
Xi'an
Taipei
Taipei
Hyderabad
Hyderabad
Cities in East Asia with at least 30 skyscrapers taller than 150 m (492 ft) as of 2026

Cities with the most skyscrapers under construction

Mumbai has the highest number of skyscrapers under construction as of 2025.

This is a list which ranks cities that have at least 10 skyscrapers under construction that are taller than 150 m (492 ft) as of September 2025. Values without a citation or a link to the city's corresponding Wikipedia page indicate that the figure was obtained from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat.[f][g]

Rank City Country Skyscrapers under construction
1 Mumbai  India >200[h]
2 Hyderabad  India 181[h]
3 Gurgaon  India 170[h]
4 Moscow  Russia ≥90[i]
5 Thane  India 79[h]
6 Shenzhen  China ≥73
7 Dubai  United Arab Emirates ≥38
8 Guangzhou  China ≥32
9 Wuhan  China ≥30
10 Xi'an  China 31
11 Tokyo  Japan 29[citation needed]
12 Navi Mumbai  India 27[h]
13 Chengdu  China 20
14 Hangzhou  China 20
15 Toronto  Canada 20
16 Changsha  China 17
17 Zhuhai  China 16
18 Balneário Camboriú  Brazil 14
19 Miami  United States 13
20 Suzhou  China 13
21 Shanghai  China 12
22 Shenyang  China 12
23 Sydney[c]  Australia 11
24 New York City  United States 11
25 Dongguan  China 10
26 Jinan  China 10

Cities with the most skyscrapers by height

The ranking of cities with the most skyscrapers depends on the height used for the definition of a skyscraper. The following table lists the number of skyscrapers in a city that stands above 150 meters (492 ft), 200 meters (656 ft), and 300 meters (984 ft), as of January 2026. When using a definition of 200 meters (656 ft), Shenzhen is the city with the most skyscrapers, followed by Dubai, Hong Kong, and New York City. Dubai is the city with the most supertall skyscrapers, followed by Shenzhen and New York City.[3]

City Country/region ≥150 m (492 ft) ≥200 m (656 ft) ≥300 m (984 ft) ≥400 m (1,312 ft)
Hong Kong  Hong Kong 569 102 6 2
Shenzhen  China 465 200 22 2
New York City  United States 324 102 18 6
Mumbai  India 276 85 2 0
Dubai  United Arab Emirates 269 129 32 3
Guangzhou  China 209 68 13 2
Wuhan  China 209 76 8 2
Shanghai  China 205 76 9 3
Bangkok  Thailand 204 43 3 0
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 201 74 7 4
Tokyo  Japan 200 42 1 0
Chongqing  China 151 62 5 0
Chicago  United States 137 38 7 2
Chengdu  China 136 50 0 0
Jakarta  Indonesia 117 51 2 0
Toronto  Canada 106 31 0 0
Shenyang  China 101 30 3 0
Hangzhou  China 100 38 2 0
Moscow  Russia 100 25 6 0
Singapore  Singapore 100 34 0 0
Nanning  China 93 36 6 1
Changsha  China 91 49 6 1
Seoul  South Korea 86 21 2 1
Nanjing  China 82 39 8 1
Melbourne  Australia 79 29 1 0
Tianjin  China 79 36 3 1
Busan  South Korea 77 25 4 1
Beijing  China 70 27 2 1
Miami  United States 69 9 0 0
Panama City  Panama 68 25 0 0
Zhuhai  China 60 22 3 0
Dalian  China 59 30 2 0
Doha  Qatar 57 30 3 0
Istanbul  Turkey 57 12 1 0
Makati  Philippines 55 19 0 0
Sydney  Australia 53 17 0 0
Suzhou  China 51 26 3 1
Incheon  South Korea 50 8 1 0
Hefei  China 49 27 0 0
Hyderabad  India 48 3 0 0
Osaka  Japan 46 5 1 0
Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates 45 23 4 0
Foshan  China 43 17 0 0
London  United Kingdom 42 12 1 0
Jinan  China 41 16 3 0
Nanchang  China 41 24 2 0
Houston  United States 40 16 2 0
Qingdao  China 40 17 1 0
Xiamen  China 40 18 1 0
Guiyang  China 39 29 3 1
Taipei  Taiwan 39 8 1 1
Penang  Malaysia 38 3 0 0
Johor Bahru  Malaysia 35 5 0 0
Macau  Macau 33 2 0 0
Thane  India 32 0 0 0
Kunming  China 32 18 3 0
Ningbo  China 32 8 1 1
Balneário Camboriú  Brazil 31 5 0 0
Los Angeles  United States 31 13 2 0
Xi'an  China 31 15 1 0
Mexico City  Mexico 30 8 0 0
Wuxi  China 30 15 4 0

Cities with the most skyscrapers by year

The following tables list the ten cities with the most skyscrapers taller than 150 metres (492 ft) by the end of the first year of every decade, starting from 1910. This includes demolished skyscrapers such as the Singer Building in New York City and the Morrison Hotel in Chicago. Unless indicated otherwise, all data is taken from the Council on Vertical Urbanism (CVU). There are a number of skyscrapers in the CVU database for which the year of completion is unknown; such buildings are excluded from the figures below.

New York City in the early 1930s
Postcard of Chicago during the 1930s
Cincinnati in the 1960s
Pittsburgh in 1968
New York City in 1982
Hong Kong in 1988
1910 1920 1930
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 2
2 United States Philadelphia 1
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 6
2 United States Boston 1
3 United States Cincinnati 1
4 United States Hartford 1
5 United States Philadelphia 1
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 28
2 United States Chicago 11
3 United States Detroit 2
4 United States Baltimore 1
5 United States Boston 1
6 United States Cincinnati 1
7 United States Cleveland 1
8 United States Columbus 1
9 United States Hartford 1
10 United States Philadelphia 1
1940 1950 1960
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 44
2 United States Chicago 12
3 United States Cincinnati 2
4 United States Detroit 2
5 United States Pittsburgh 2
6 United States Baltimore 1
7 United States Boston 1
8 United States Cleveland 1
9 United States Columbus 1
10 United States Hartford 1
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 45
2 United States Chicago 12
3 United States Boston 2
4 United States Cincinnati 2
5 United States Detroit 2
6 United States Pittsburgh 2
7 United States Baltimore 1
8 United States Cleveland 1
9 United States Columbus 1
10 United States Dallas 1
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 51
2 United States Chicago 13
3 Soviet Union Moscow 5
4 United States Pittsburgh 3
5 United States Boston 2
6 United States Cincinnati 2
7 United States Dallas 2
8 United States Detroit 2
9 United States Baltimore 1
10 United States Cleveland 1
1970 1980 1990
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 83
2 United States Chicago 20
3 United States Boston 5
4 Soviet Union Moscow 5
5 United States Pittsburgh 5
6 United States San Francisco 4
7 United States Dallas 4
8 United States Houston 3
9 Canada Montreal 3
10 Brazil São Paulo 3
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 116
2 United States Chicago 36
3 United States Houston 13
4 United States Boston 11
5 United States San Francisco 10
6 Japan Tokyo 9
7 United States Los Angeles 8
8 Singapore Singapore 8
9 United States Detroit 7
10 United States Dallas 6
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 167
2 United States Chicago 66
3 Hong Kong Hong Kong 37
4 United States Houston 27
5 United States Los Angeles 19
6 Singapore Singapore 19
7 United States Dallas 18
8 United States San Francisco 18
9 United States Boston 15
10 Japan Tokyo 13
2000 2010 2020
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 United States New York City 183
2 Hong Kong Hong Kong 137
3 United States Chicago 76
4 China Shanghai 45
5 Singapore Singapore 35
6 Japan Tokyo 35
7 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 31
8 United States Houston 28
9 Thailand Bangkok 22
10 United States Los Angeles 22
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 Hong Kong Hong Kong 436
2 United States New York City 222
3 United Arab Emirates Dubai 129
4 China Shanghai 117
5 United States Chicago 110
6 Japan Tokyo 107
7 China Guangzhou 85
8 China Shenzhen 65
9 Singapore Singapore 59
10 Thailand Bangkok 52
Rank City Skyscrapers
1 Hong Kong Hong Kong 535
2 China Shenzhen 323
3 United States New York City 290
4 United Arab Emirates Dubai 232
5 China Shanghai 172
6 Japan Tokyo 162
7 China Guangzhou 161
8 China Chongqing 135
9 United States Chicago 130
10 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 130

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c This figure is from the corresponding linked article. It includes topped-out buildings that are not fully completed.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g This figure is from the corresponding linked article.
  3. ^ a b The CVU counts Sydney and Parramatta as separate cities. This figure is obtained from combining its figure for Sydney and Parramatta.
  4. ^ Penang is a state that is composed of two citiesGeorge Town and Seberang Perai. The city of George Town may sometimes be confusingly referred to as 'Penang', as it is on The Skyscraper Center website, instead of the state as a whole.[5]
  5. ^ This figure is from the linked page of Taipei's tallest buildings, which includes skyscrapers in both the municipalities of Taipei City and New Taipei City. The two municipalities form a contiguous urban area. The CVU's figure for each city is 15 and 12 respectively, for a combined total of 27.
  6. ^ The CVU’s "Explore Data" search function limits outputs to 25 buildings for free users. Figures higher than 25 skyscrapers were obtained by conducting separate queries of buildings under construction based on their intended purpose.
  7. ^ CVU figures without a "greater than" sign (≥) should still be taken as minimum values, as the CVU may not catalogue every skyscraper taller than 150 m (492) under construction.
  8. ^ a b c d e This figure is from the corresponding linked article. It excludes buildings that are topped out.
  9. ^ This figure is from the corresponding linked article.

References

  1. ^ a b "Skyscraper". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2016-10-26. Retrieved 25 October 2016.
  2. ^ Ambrose, Gavin; Harris, Paul; Stone, Sally (2008). The Visual Dictionary of Architecture. Switzerland: AVA Publishing SA. p. 233. ISBN 978-2-940373-54-3.
  3. ^ a b "Cities by Number of 150m+ Buildings - The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercenter.com. Archived from the original on 25 July 2025. Retrieved 25 July 2025.
  4. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions – CTBUH". www.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2025-08-09.
  5. ^ Tennant, Paul (March 1973). "The Abolition of Elective Local Government in Penang". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 4 (1): 72–87. doi:10.1017/S0022463400016428. ISSN 1474-0680. S2CID 159521756.