List of countries by government budget
The list is mainly based on the CIA World Factbook for the years 2020 and 2021 [1] The Chinese, Brazilian, Indian, and United States government budgets are the figures reported by the International Monetary Fund.[2]
The table includes information from government's budgets; namely revenues, expenditures and the resulting deficits or surpluses. The countries are ranked by their budget revenues in fiscal year 2016. Both sovereign states and dependent territories are included.
List[edit]
This section needs to be updated. (September 2021) |
These figures are given as millions USD, unless otherwise specified.
| Rank | Country | Revenues | Expenditures | Surplus (or deficit) | Surplus percentage of GDP | Year | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5,923,829 | 9,818,534 | −3,894,705 | −18.73% | 2020 est.[3] | United States federal budget | |
| 2 | 3,622,313 | 5,388,814 | −1,766,501 | −11.88% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 3 | 1,666,454 | 2,362,676 | −696,222 | −14.15% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 4 | 1,334,944 | 1,609,710 | −274,766 | −5.5% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 5 | 966,407 | 1,400,776 | −434,369 | −16.46% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 6 | 863,785 | 1,103,721 | −239,936 | −12.98% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 7 | 649,588 | 692,140 | −42,552 | −0.655% | 2022 est.[4] | ||
| 8 | 620,739 | 940,771 | −320,032 | −10.07% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 9 | 598,434 | 917,271 | −318,837 | −19.92% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 10 | 509,627 | 814,524 | −304,897 | −12.24% | 2020 est.[3] | Union Budget of India | |
| 11 | 481,945 | 657,750 | −175,805 | −14.09% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 12 | 459,546 | 593,856 | −134,310 | −10.06% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 13 | 382,441 | 611,308 | −228,867 | −16.78% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 14 | 363,120 | 414,452 | −51,332 | −3.24% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 15 | 352,603 | 430,220 | −77,617 | −8.76% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 16 | 254,256 | 314,598 | −63,342 | −5.80% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 17 | 251,395 | 308,553 | −57,158 | −11.35% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 18 | 251,009 | 282,223 | −31,214 | −5.90% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 19 | 236,464 | 297,249 | −60,785 | −10.46% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 20 | 234,445 | 264,232 | −29,787 | −4.21% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 21 | 209,667 | 252,524 | −42,857 | −9.90% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 22 | 196,144 | 202,684 | −6,540 | −1.79% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 23 | 193,054 | 264,984 | −71,930 | −10.56% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 24 | 188,258 | 239,421 | −51,163 | −7.88% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 25 | 180,287 | 193,831 | −13,544 | −3.99% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 26 | 158,000 | 168,428 | −10,428 | −6.6% | 2021 est.[6] | ||
| 27 | 142,215 | 160,544 | −18,329 | −2.75% | 2021 est.[7] | ||
| 28 | 128,865 | 178,465 | −49,600 | −12.94% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 29 | 128,550 | 197,306 | −68,756 | −6.31% | 2020 est.[3] | ||
| 30 | 126,414 | 170,113 | −43,699 | −11.42% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 31 | 107,054 | 133,588 | −26,534 | −5.21% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 33 | 98,263 | 115,932 | −17,669 | −7.30% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 33 | 94,207 | 123,779 | −29,572 | −4.65% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 34 | 93,889 | 111,371 | −17,482 | −8.99% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 35 | 93,433 | 111,948 | −18,515 | −8.35% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 36 | 93,221 | 117,149 | −23,928 | −6.00% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 37 | 92,063 | 127,095 | −35,032 | −9.90% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 38 | 85,252 | 100,576 | −29,624 | −8.06% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 39 | 76,434 | 116,118 | −39,684 | −14.04% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 40 | 72,532 | 90,431 | −17,899 | −9.25% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 41 | 72,093 | 95,944 | −23,851 | −9.59% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 42 | 68,813 | 93,921 | −25,108 | −9.48% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 42 | 68,113 | 90,082 | −21,969 | −6.53% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 43 | 67,971 | 90,569 | −22,598 | −6.80% | 2020 est. | ||
| 44 | 65,689 | 78,103 | −12,414 | −8.28% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 46 | 61,174 | 70,401 | −9,227 | −8.49% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 47 | 59,678 | 96,031 | −36,353 | −10.77% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 48 | 57,837 | 78,348 | −20,511 | −6.02% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 49 | 57,273 | 115,463 | −58,190 | −9.59% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 50 | 57,184 | 97,436 | −40,252 | −11.79% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 51 | 55,612 | 66,722 | −11,110 | −7.81% | 2020 est.[4] | ||
| 52 | 54,756 | 85,972 | −31,216 | −17.53% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 53 | 52,250 | 47,773 | 4,477 | 3.03% | 2020 est.[4] | ||
| 54 | 50,660 | 72,024 | −8,160 | −8.71% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 55 | 50,288 | 50,078 | 209 | 0.42% | 2022 est.[4] | ||
| 56 | 43,113 | 51,118 | −8,005 | −8.84% | 2020 est.[4] | ||
| 57 | 42,951 | 65,718 | −22,767 | −8.01% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 58 | 41,474 | 58,397 | −16,923 | −11.49% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 59 | 35,869 | 54,286 | −18,417 | −9.41% | 2020 est.[5] | ||
| 60 | 11,243 | 13,004 | −1,761 | −2.81% | 2020 est.[4] | ||
| 62 | 32,300 | 37,700 | −5,400 | −5.5 % | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 63 | 27,600 | 27,380 | 220 | 0.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 65 | 26,630 | 30,710 | −4,080 | −3.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 66 | 25,790 | 26,920 | −1,130 | −2.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 67 | 22,800 | 22,540 | 260 | 0.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 68 | 22,680 | 32,070 | −9,390 | −13.0 % | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 69 | 20,110 | 19,920 | 190 | 0.3% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 70 | 20,200 | 20,970 | −770 | −1.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 71 | 19,530 | 20,310 | −780 | −1.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 72 | 17,690 | 19,900 | −2,210 | −3.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 73 | 16,330 | 22,320 | −5,990 | −18.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 74 | 16,250 | 16,930 | −680 | −1.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 75 | 21,180 | 21,630 | −450 | −1.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 76 | 15,370 | 20,180 | −4,810 | −7.71% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 77 | 15,010 | 17,350 | −2,340 | −6.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 78 | 14,240 | 10,550 | 3,690 | 7.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 79 | 13,970 | 22,150 | −8,180 | −2.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 80 | 12,640 | 16,660 | −4,020 | −4.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 81 | 12,600 | 13,560 | −960 | −1.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 82 | 12,110 | 14,630 | −2,520 | −3.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 83 | 11,180 | 12,770 | −1,590 | −2.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 84 | 10,900 | 15,990 | −5,090 | −9.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 85 | 10,130 | 10,430 | −300 | −1.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 86 | 9,852 | 10,400 | −548 | −1.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 87 | 9,962 | 9,735 | 227 | 0.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 88 | 9,772 | 9,890 | −118 | −0.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 89 | 9,397 | 11,610 | −2,213 | −5.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 90 | 9,268 | 9,974 | −706 | −0.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 91 | 9,236 | 12,380 | −3,144 | −6.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 92 | 9,211 | 11,450 | −2,239 | −3.3% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 93 | 9,157 | 11,810 | −2,653 | −6.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 94 | 8,335 | 9,600 | −1,265 | −1.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 95 | 8,262 | 11,340 | −3,078 | −5.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 96 | 8,198 | 13,400 | −5,202 | −4.4 % | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 97 | 7,872 | 9,271 | −1,399 | −2.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 98 | 7,798 | 7,996 | −198 | −1.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 99 | 7,677 | 7,875 | −198 | −0.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 100 | 7,121 | 8,886 | −1,765 | −4.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 101 | 6,916 | 7,838 | −922 | −4.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 102 | 6,993 | 8,833 | −1,840 | -6.74% | 2018 actual[8] | ||
| 103 | 5,521 | 10,382 | −4,861 | −10.00% | 2019 est.[5] | ||
| 51 | 52,360 | 60,570 | −8,210 | −10.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 103 | 5,756 | 6,751 | −995 | −3.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 104 | 5,609 | 6,072 | −463 | −2.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 105 | 5,463 | 9,281 | −3,818 | −11.3% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 106 | 5,366 | 5,876 | −510 | −1.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 107 | 5,154 | 6,964 | −1,810 | −5.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 108 | 4,895 | 7,050 | −2,155 | −8.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 109 | 4,376 | 5,086 | −710 | −3.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 110 | 4,436 | 4,703 | −267 | −0.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 111 | 4,295 | 4,354 | −59 | −0.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 112 | 4,268 | 4,690 | −422 | −1.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 113 | 4,260 | 4,852 | −592 | −3.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 114 | 4,207 | 4,150 | 57 | 0.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 115 | 4,019 | 5,268 | −1,249 | −4.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 116 | 3,967 | 4,759 | −792 | −6.3% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 117 | 3,863 | 4,474 | −611 | −3.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 118 | 3,800 | 4,074 | −274 | −2.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 119 | 3,649 | 4,763 | −1,114 | −5.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 120 | 3,600 | 4,800 | −1,200 | −7.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 121 | 3,486 | 3,765 | −279 | −2.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 122 | 3,467 | 5,232 | −1,765 | −6.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 123 | 3,314 | 3,655 | −341 | −3.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 124 | 3,238 | 3,366 | −128 | −0.3% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 125 | 3,200 | 3,300 | −100 | - | 2007 est.[1] | ||
| 126 | 3,144 | 4,098 | −954 | −5.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 127 | 3,186 | 3,431 | −245 | −2.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 128 | 3,122 | 3,991 | −869 | −6.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 129 | 3,068 | 3,584 | −516 | −3.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 130 | 2,912 | 3,337 | −425 | −3.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 131 | 2,796 | 3,027 | −231 | −2.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 132 | 2,758 | 3,607 | −849 | −6.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 133 | 2,750 | 4,077 | −1,327 | −9.9% | 2014 est.[1] | ||
| 134 | 2,635 | 3,332 | −697 | −5.3% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 135 | 2,623 | 3,711 | −1,088 | −10.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 136 | 2,536 | 2,910 | −374 | −3.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 137 | 2,516 | 3,336 | −820 | −10.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 138 | 2,214 | 2,316 | −102 | −1.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 139 | 2,050 | 2,304 | −254 | −3.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 140 | 2,100 | 2,600 | −500 | −5.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 141 | 2,029 | 2,601 | −585 | −9.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 142 | 1,992 | 6,636 | −4,644 | −22.1% | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 143 | 1,891 | 1,833 | 58 | - | 2012[1] | ||
| 144 | 1,874 | 2,255 | −381 | −4.3% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 145 | 1,872 | 2,060 | −322 | −6.9% | 2016[1] | ||
| 146 | 1,680 | 2,235 | −555 | −6.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 147 | 1,620 | 1,950 | −330 | −7.5% | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 148 | 1,580 | 2,251 | −671 | −8.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 149 | 1,578 | 1,876 | −298 | −13.5% | 2015[1] | ||
| 150 | 1,559 | 1,868 | −309 | −3.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 151 | 1,469 | 1,700 | −231 | −4.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 152 | 1,446 | 1,687 | −241 | −4.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 153 | 1,435 | 4,017 | −2,582 | −21.6 % | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 154 | 1,396 | 1,610 | −214 | −3.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 155 | 1,372 | 2,261 | −889 | −9.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 156 | 1,350 | 1,650 | −300 | −6.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 157 | 1,298 | 1,612 | −314 | −5.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 158 | 1,292 | 1,725 | −443 | −4.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 159 | 1,248 | 1,301 | −53 | −1.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 160 | 1,223 | 1,551 | −328 | - | 2013[1] | ||
| 161 | 1,178 | 1,522 | −344 | −3.5 % | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 162 | 1,150 | 1,475 | −325 | −8.1% | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 163 | 1,147 | 1,188 | −41 | - | 2013 est.[1] | ||
| 164 | 1,057 | 1,160 | −103 | −3.8 % | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 165 | 1,033 | 3,177 | −2,144 | −8.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 166 | 836 | 884 | −48 | −1.7% | 2014 est.[1] | ||
| 167 | 996 | 1,072 | −76 | - | 2001 est.[1] | ||
| 168 | 995 | 890 | 105 | 1.6% | 2012 est.[1] | ||
| 169 | 965 | 943 | 22 | - | FY05/06 est.[1] | ||
| 170 | 960 | 1,154 | −194 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 171 | 960 | 1,156 | −196 | −3.7% | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 172 | 939 | 1,152 | −213 | −5.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 173 | 896 | 953 | −57 | −0.6% | 2011 est.[1] | ||
| 174 | 870 | 732 | 138 | 6.2% | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 175 | 829 | 851 | −22 | - | 2005[1] | ||
| 176 | 700 | 865 | −165 | −8.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 177 | 697 | 752 | −55 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 178 | 693 | 819 | −126 | −5.4% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 179 | 684 | 963 | −279 | −7.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 180 | 668 | 713 | −45 | −2.9% | 2011 est.[1] | ||
| 181 | 626 | 728 | −102 | −4.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 182 | 608 | 749 | −141 | −4.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 183 | 572 | 557 | 15 | 1.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 184 | 564 | 531 | 33 | - | 2005[1] | ||
| 185 | 546 | 806 | −260 | −7.1% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 186 | 500 | 550 | −50 | −2.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 187 | 860 | 929 | -69 | ~0% | 2021 est.[9][10] | ||
| 188 | 437 | 2,259 | −1,822 | −62.5% | FY 2013 est.[1] | ||
| 189 | 437 | 464 | −27 | −1.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 190 | 435 | 472 | −37 | −2.9% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 191 | 402 | 431 | −29 | −1.7% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 192 | 370 | 370 | 0 | 0 | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 193 | 315 | 348 | −33 | - | 2013[1] | ||
| 194 | 300 | 2,200 | −1,900 | −70.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 195 | 300 | 300 | 0 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 196 | 296 | 323 | −27 | −1.8% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 197 | 269 | 285 | −16 | −0.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 198 | 260.1 | 260.1 | 0 | − | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 199 | 246 | 250 | −3 | - | 2013 est.[1] | ||
| 200 | 241 | 244 | −3 | - | 2013 est.[1] | ||
| 201 | 233 | 272 | −39 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 202 | 231 | 271 | −40 | −2.0% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 203 | 226 | 187 | 38 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 204 | 226 | 213 | −41 | −3.2% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 205 | 222 | 267 | −37 | −4.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 206 | 214 | 192 | 22 | - | FY12/13 est.[1] | ||
| 207 | 204 | 207 | −3 | −0.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 208 | 198 | 180 | 18 | - | 2013 est.[1] | ||
| 209 | 187 | 370 | −183 | −17.6% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 210 | 149 | 183 | −34 | −5.2 % | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 211 | 148 | 148 | 0 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 212 | 133 | 133 | 0 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 213 | 124 | 98 | 26 | - | 2012 est.[1] | ||
| 214 | 117 | 114 | 3 | - | 2013 est.[1] | ||
| 215 | 114 | 123 | −7 | −2.5% | 2017 est.[1] | ||
| 216 | 95 | 86 | 8 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 217 | 87 | 78 | 9 | - | 2010[1] | ||
| 218 | 70 | 60 | 10 | - | 1996 est.[1] | ||
| 219 | 67 | 75 | −8 | - | FY09/10[1] | ||
| 220 | 58 | 52 | 6 | - | 2010 est.[1] | ||
| 221 | 43 | 32 | 10 | - | 2013 est.[1] | ||
| 222 | 37 | 37 | 0 | - | 2016 est.[1] | ||
| 223 | 15 | 16 | −1 | - | FY04/05[1] | ||
| 224 | 9 | 22 | −13 | - | FY06/07 est.[1] | ||
| 225 | 5 | 5 | 0 | - | FY99/00[1] | ||
| 226 | 1 | 1 | 0 | - | FY04/05[1] | ||
| 227 | 1 | 3 | −2 | - | 1987 est.[1] | ||
| 228 | - | 2004[1] | |||||
| World | 25,187,602 | 35,648,089 | −10,460,487 | -41.53% | Calculation |
See also[edit]
- List of countries by government budget per capita
- List of countries by tax revenue to GDP ratio
- List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP
Europe:
- List of sovereign states in Europe by budget revenues
- List of sovereign states in Europe by budget revenues per capita
United States:
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk The World Factbook. "List of government budgets by country". Archived from the original on November 29, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
- ^ "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". www.imf.org.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 6 January 2021.[dead link]
- ^ a b c d e f "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ^ https://enterprise.press/stories/2021/04/26/finmin-releases-egypts-draft-fy2021-22-budget-39329/ https://m.elwatannews.com/news/details/5459608 https://www.mof.gov.eg/ar/posts/stateGeneralBudget/5fdab2567452020007052b5b/موازنة%20عامة%202021%2022 https://www.reuters.com/article/egypt-budget-aa2-idARAKBN2CC0AD
- ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2022". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ "Budget Speech of Fiscal Year 2019/20" (PDF). Ministry of Finance, Nepal. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
- ^ "Public Finances". Government of Gibraltar. Retrieved 2022-02-18.
- ^ "Gibraltar Budget 2021 announcements" (PDF). Ernst & Young. July 20, 2021. Retrieved February 18, 2022.