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List of development aid sovereign state donors

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

International development aid is given by many non-private donors. The first table is based on official development assistance (ODA) figures published by the OECD for members of its Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Non-DAC members included in the OECD's publishing are listed separately.

Luxembourg made the largest contribution as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) at 1.05% and the United Nations’ ODA target of 0.7% of GNI was also exceeded by Norway (1.02%), Sweden (0.99%) and Denmark (0.71%).[1] The European Union accumulated a higher portion of GDP as a form of foreign aid than any other economic union.[2]

The United States is a small contributor relative to GNI (0.22% 2022[3]) but is the largest single DAC donor of ODA in 2022 (US$55.3 billion), followed by Germany (0.8% GNI, US$35.0 billion), France (0.7%, US$19.5 billion) and Japan (0.3%, US$17.3 billion).[4] Many providers beyond the DAC have long traditions of development cooperation. Amongst these, according to the preliminary figures for 2019 reported to the OECD, Turkey exceeded the 0.7% ODA/GNI target with 1.15%.[1]

Net official development assistance by donor

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To qualify as official development assistance, a contribution must contain three elements:

  1. Be undertaken by the official sector (that is, a government or government agency);
  2. With promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective;
  3. At concessional financial terms (that is, with favorable loan terms.)

Thus, by definition, ODA does not include private donations, nor any development loans at market rates. The sum of contributions by EU member states, considered separately from EU institutions, was over $70 billion.[5] The OECD's Development Assistance Committee members' total budget reached around 150 billion dollars and was contributed by the following donors in 2019:[1]

DAC members

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Donor Total development aid
(millions $) 		Development aid
per capita ($) 		% of GNI Ref.
Australia 2,950 129.92 0.22
Austria 1,210 137.59 0.27
Belgium 2,180 167.20 0.42
Canada 6,400 170.25 0.27 [6]
Czech Republic 310 18.85 0.13
Denmark 2,550 447.05 0.71
EU institutions 14,827 27.03 – [a][7]
Finland 1,130 234.13 0.42
France 19,570 294.18 0.78 [8]
Germany 35,020 417.36 0.83 [9]
Greece 310 25.04 0.14
Iceland 70 120.29 0.27
Ireland 940 151.20 0.31
Italy 4,900 63.38 0.24
Japan 17,470 137.58 0.39 [10]
Luxembourg 470 609.48 1.05
Netherlands 5,290 338.38 0.59
New Zealand 560 90.75 0.28
Norway 4,290 812.58 1.02
Poland 680 11.45 0.12
Portugal 370 30.07 0.16
Slovak Republic 130 16.56 0.12
Slovenia 90 29.04 0.16
South Korea 2,520 37.13 0.15
Spain 2,900 44.52 0.21
Sweden 5,400 701.10 0.99
 Switzerland 4,290 421.37 0.44
United Kingdom 5,750 87.12 0.18 [11]
United States 55,270 165.47 0.22 [12]

Non-DAC members

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Donor Total development aid
(millions $) 		Development aid
per capita ($) 		% of GNI Ref.
China China 38,000 27.86 0.36 [13][14][15]
India 33,000 21.24 0.65 [b][16][17]
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates 12,240 467.00 0.55
Brazil Brazil 10,800 54.77 0.56
Turkey 8,652 47.00 1.15
Mexico Mexico 5,500 38.77 0.46
Argentina Argentina 3,300 68.23 0.62
Qatar Qatar 2,000 757.80 1.17 [18]
Chile Chile 1,700 76.23 0.58
Russia 1,140 8.00 0.03
Israel 1,120 96.00 0.07
Taiwan 502 21.30 0.07 [19][20][21][22]
Romania 411 22.00 0.14 [1]
Hungary 150 15.00 0.10
Bulgaria 130 20.00 0.20
Lithuania 60 14.00 0.11
Croatia 50 12.00 0.14
Estonia 40 23.00 0.13
Malta 40 22.00 0.30
Latvia 30 10.00 0.10

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Excluding EU members.
  2. ^ $2.4 billion grants + $30.59 billion LOC

References

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  1. ^ a b c ODA-2019-detailed-summary https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/ODA-2019-detailed-summary.pdf
  2. ^ Hunt, Michael (2014). The World Transformed 1945 to the Present. New York: New York. pp. 516–517. ISBN 9780199371020.
  3. ^ "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  4. ^ "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  5. ^ OECD 2016.
  6. ^ "Foreign Aid Portal".
  7. ^ OECD 2016, p. 3, "In 2015, total net ODA from the 28 EU member states was USD 74 billion, representing 0.47% of their GNI. Net disbursements by EU Institutions were USD 13.8 billion, a slight fall of 0.5% in real terms compared to 2014.".
  8. ^ "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  9. ^ "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  10. ^ "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  11. ^ "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  12. ^ "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  13. ^ Jennings, Ralph. "China Is Giving More Foreign Aid Than It Gets". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  14. ^ Chandran, Nyshka (2017-10-13). "5 charts that show how China is spending billions in foreign aid". CNBC. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  15. ^ Hatton, Celia (2017-10-11). "China's secret aid empire uncovered". BBC News. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  16. ^ "Line of Credit for Development work in foreign countries". Ministry of External Affairs. 2021-02-05. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  17. ^ "Emerging power India gives more aid than it receives". 22 March 2017.
  18. ^ "Qatar's annual development aid stands at $2bn, says minister". Gulf-Times (in Arabic). 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  19. ^ MOFA. "Official Development Assistance". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan).
  20. ^ Bonnie Glick (2022-11-30). "A Revamped Taiwanese Approach to Foreign Assistance". Global Taiwan Brief. 7 (23). Global Taiwan Institute: 7–9.
  21. ^ David Merkle (2021-07-05). "A Dynamic Player in East Asia". International Reports (2). Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung: 68–77.
  22. ^ Alain Guilloux (2016-08-09). "Taiwan's humanitarian aid/disaster relief: Wither or prosper?". Taiwan-U.S. Quarterly Analysis. Brookings Institution's Center for East Asia Policy Studies.

Bibliography

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