List of historic states of Germany
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After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire by Napoleon in 1806, the German-speaking remnants of the empire became organized into a conglomerate of independent kingdoms, duchies, principalities and city-states. This article lists the member states of the German Confederation of 1815–1866, the North German Confederation of 1867–1871, the German Empire of 1871–1918, and the Weimar Republic of 1919–1933.
Contents
States of the German Confederation[edit]
Main article: States of the German Confederation
States of the North German Confederation[edit]
| State | Capital | |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdoms (Königreiche) | ||
| Prussia (Preußen) (including Lauenburg) |
Berlin | |
| Saxony (Sachsen) | Dresden | |
| Grand Duchies (Großherzogtümer) | ||
| Hesse (Hessen) (Only Upper Hesse, the province north of the River Main) |
Giessen | |
| Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Schwerin | |
| Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Neustrelitz | |
| Oldenburg | Oldenburg | |
| Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach) | Weimar | |
| Duchies (Herzogtümer) | ||
| Anhalt | Dessau | |
| Brunswick (Braunschweig) | Braunschweig | |
| Saxe-Altenburg (Sachsen-Altenburg) | Altenburg | |
| Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) | Coburg | |
| Saxe-Meiningen (Sachsen-Meiningen) | Meiningen | |
| Principalities (Fürstentümer) | ||
| Lippe | Detmold | |
| Reuss-Gera (Junior Line) | Gera | |
| Reuss-Greiz (Elder Line) | Greiz | |
| Schaumburg-Lippe | Bückeburg | |
| Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt | Rudolstadt | |
| Schwarzburg-Sondershausen | Sondershausen | |
| Waldeck and Pyrmont (Waldeck und Pyrmont) | Arolsen | |
| Free and Hanseatic Cities (Freie und Hansestädte) | ||
| Bremen | ||
| Hamburg | ||
| Lübeck | ||
States of the German Empire[edit]
Main article: States of the German Empire
See also: List of German monarchs in 1918
| State | Capital | |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdoms (Königreiche) | ||
| Prussia (Preußen) | Berlin | |
| Bavaria (Bayern) | Munich | |
| Saxony (Sachsen) | Dresden | |
| Württemberg | Stuttgart | |
| Grand Duchies (Großherzogtümer) | ||
| Baden | Karlsruhe | |
| Hesse (Hessen) | Darmstadt | |
| Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Schwerin | |
| Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Neustrelitz | |
| Oldenburg | Oldenburg | |
| Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach) | Weimar | |
| Duchies (Herzogtümer) | ||
| Anhalt | Dessau | |
| Brunswick (Braunschweig) | Braunschweig | |
| Saxe-Altenburg (Sachsen-Altenburg) | Altenburg | |
| Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) | Coburg | |
| Saxe-Meiningen (Sachsen-Meiningen) | Meiningen | |
| Principalities (Fürstentümer) | ||
| Lippe | Detmold | |
| Reuss-Gera (Junior Line) | Gera | |
| Reuss-Greiz (Elder Line) | Greiz | |
| Schaumburg-Lippe | Bückeburg | |
| Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt | Rudolstadt | |
| Schwarzburg-Sondershausen | Sondershausen | |
| Waldeck and Pyrmont (Waldeck und Pyrmont) | Arolsen | |
| Free and Hanseatic Cities (Freie und Hansestädte) | ||
| Bremen | ||
| Hamburg | ||
| Lübeck | ||
| Imperial Territories (Reichsländer) | ||
| Alsace-Lorraine (Elsass-Lothringen) | Straßburg | |
States of the Weimar Republic[edit]
Main article: States of the Weimar Republic
| State | Capital | |
|---|---|---|
| Free States (Freistaaten) | ||
| Anhalt | Dessau | |
| Baden | Karlsruhe | |
| Bavaria (Bayern) | Munich | |
| Brunswick (Braunschweig) | Braunschweig | |
| Coburg – to Bavaria in 1920 | Coburg | |
| Hesse (Hessen) | Darmstadt | |
| Lippe | Detmold | |
| Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Schwerin | |
| Mecklenburg-Strelitz | Neustrelitz | |
| Oldenburg | Oldenburg | |
| Prussia (Preußen) | Berlin | |
| Saxony (Sachsen) | Dresden | |
| Schaumburg-Lippe | Bückeburg | |
| Thuringia (Thüringen) – from 1920 | Weimar | |
| Waldeck-Pyrmont – to Prussia (Pyrmont joined Prussia in 1921, Waldeck followed in 1929) |
Arolsen | |
| Württemberg | Stuttgart | |
| Free and Hanseatic Cities (Freie und Hansestädte) | ||
| Bremen | ||
| Hamburg | ||
| Lübeck | ||
| States merged to form Thuringia in 1920 | ||
| Gotha | Gotha | |
| Reuss | Gera | |
| Saxe-Altenburg (Sachsen-Altenburg) | Altenburg | |
| Saxe-Meiningen (Sachsen-Meiningen) | Meiningen | |
| Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach) | Weimar | |
| Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt | Rudolstadt | |
| Schwarzburg-Sondershausen | Sondershausen | |
See also[edit]
- List of former sovereign states
- List of states in the Holy Roman Empire (962–1806)
- States of Germany