List of largest refugee crises
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This is a list of largest refugee crises to occur.
List[edit]
The list below includes the number of refugees per event with at least 1 million individuals included. This list does not include internally displaced persons (IDP). For events for which estimates vary, the geometric mean of the lowest and highest estimates is calculated to rank the events.
Event | Refugees estimate | Origin | From | Until | Duration | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World War II | 60.0 million | Europe | 1939 | 1945 | 6 years | [1][2][3][4][5][6] |
Partition of India | 10.0–20.0 million | Indian subcontinent | 1947 | 1948 | 1 year | [7][8] |
World War I | 7.0–15.0 million | Europe | 1914 | 1918 | 4 years | [9][10][11] |
Bangladesh Liberation War | 9.0 million | Indian subcontinent | 1971 | 1979 | 8 years | [12] |
Syrian Civil War | 6.7 million | Syria | 2011 | Present | 11 years | [13] |
Russian invasion of Ukraine | 6.4 million | Ukraine | 2022 | Present | 5 months | [14] |
Soviet–Afghan War | 6.2 million | Afghanistan | 1978 | 1989 | 11 years | [15] |
Bolivarian Revolution | 6.0 million | Venezuela | 2014 | Present | 8 years | [16][17] |
Third Indochina War | 3.0 million | French Indochina | 1975 | 2000 | 25 years | [18] |
Yugoslav Wars | 2.4 million | Former Yugoslavia | 1991 | 2001 | 10 years | [19] |
Korean War | 1.0–5.0 million | Korea | 1950 | 1953 | 3 years | [20][21] |
Iraq War | 2.2 million | Iraq | 2003 | 2012 | 9 years | [22] |
Rwandan Genocide | 2.1 million | Rwanda | 1994 | 1996 | 2 years | [23] |
Israeli–Palestinian conflict | 0.7–5.6 million[note 1] | Mandatory Palestine | 1947 | Present | 75 years | [24] |
Iraqi Uprisings | 1.8 million | Iraq | 1991 | 1991 | 8 months | [18] |
Mozambican Civil War | 1.7 million | Mozambique | 1977 | 1992 | 15 years | [18] |
South Sudanese Civil War | 1.5 million | South Sudan | 2011 | 2020 | 9 years | [25] |
Rohingya Genocide | 1.3 million | Myanmar | 2016 | Present | 6 years | [26] |
Algerian War | 1.0 million | Algeria | 1954 | 1962 | 6 years | [18] |
Great Famine (Ireland) | 1.0 million | Ireland | 1845 | 1849 | 4 years | [27] |
First Libyan Civil War | 1.0 million | Libya | 2011 | 2011 | 8 months | [28] |
Somali Civil War | 1.0 million | Somalia | 1991 | Present | 31 years | [29] |
Notes[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ The State of The World's Refugees 2000: Fifty Years of Humanitarian Action. Oxford University Press. 2000. p. 13.
- ^ Reporting on Migrants and Refugees: Handbook for Journalism Educators. France: UNESCO. 2021. p. 21. ISBN 978-92-3-100456-8.
- ^ Orchard, Phil (2014). A Right to Flee: Refugees, States, and the Construction of International Cooperation. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 3. ISBN 9781139923293.
- ^ Frank, Matthew; Reinisch, Jessica (2017). Refugees in Europe, 1919–1959: A Forty Years' Crisis?. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 147, 153. ISBN 978-1-4742-9573-4.
- ^ Rothman, Lily; Ronk, Liz (2015-09-11). "This Is What Europe's Last Major Refugee Crisis Looked Like". Time. Retrieved 2022-03-09.
- ^ Gatrell, Peter (2017). "The Question of Refugees: Past and Present". Origins. Retrieved 2022-03-09.
- ^ "The State of The World's Refugees 2000" (PDF). UNHCR. 2000.
- ^ Vazira Fazila-Yacoobali Zamindar (2013). "India–Pakistan Partition 1947 and forced migration". The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration. doi:10.1002/9781444351071.wbeghm285. ISBN 9781444334890.
- ^ Gatrell, Peter; Zhvanko, Liubov (2017). Europe on the Move: Refugees in the Era of the Great War. United Kingdom: Manchester University Press. p. 3. ISBN 9781784994419.
- ^ Gatrell, Peter (2008). "Refugees and Forced Migrants during the First World War". Immigrants & Minorities. 26 (1–2): 82–110. doi:10.1080/02619280802442613. S2CID 143755412 – via Taylor & Francis Online.
- ^ Chase, Gummer (2014). "World War I Centenary: Migration in Europe". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2022-03-10.
- ^ Totten, Samuel; Bartrop, Paul Robert (2008). Dictionary of Genocide: A-L. ABC-CLIO. p. 34. ISBN 9780313346422.
- ^ "Refugee Data Finder". UNHCR. November 10, 2021. Archived from the original on January 19, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
- ^ "Individual refugees from Ukraine recorded across Europe". UNHCR. 2022.
- ^ Rupert Colville (1997). "Refugees Magazine Issue 108 (Afghanistan : the unending crisis) - The biggest caseload in the world". UNHCR.
- ^ "$1.79 billion needed to help Venezuelan refugees and migrants". UN News. December 9, 2021.
- ^ Wyss, Jim (13 August 2019). "A nation is vanishing: Has Venezuela lost almost 20 percent of its population?". The Miami Herald. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- ^ a b c d State of the World's Refugees, 2000 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- ^ Watkins, Clem S. (2003). The Balkans. New York City: Nova Publishers. p. 10. ISBN 9781590335253.
- ^ "The biggest refugee movements in history". MSN. Archived from the original on November 21, 2018. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
- ^ "Population and Manpower of Korea 1954" (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. 13 September 1954. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 20, 2017.
- ^ "UN agencies launch $85-million appeal to aid 2.2 million Iraqi refugees". UN News. September 18, 2007.
- ^ Prunier 2009, pp. 24–25
- ^ "UN agency for Palestinian refugees launches $95 million appeal to keep COVID at bay". UN News. September 4, 2020.
- ^ "Daily Press Briefing by the Office of the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General". United Nations. 2017-02-10.
- ^ "WHO appeals for international community support; warns of grave health risks to Rohingya refugees in rainy season - Bangladesh". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
- ^ Irelands' Population in the mid 1800s
- ^ "2013 UNHCR country operations profile - Libya". UNCHR. 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
- ^ "Registered Somali Refugee Population". UNHCR. Retrieved 3 July 2016.