List of republics

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This is a list of republics. For Antiquity (or later in the case of societies that did not refer to a Western terminology to qualify their form of government) the assessment of whether a state organisation is a republic is based on retrospective analysis by historians and political theorists. For more recent systems of government, worldwide organisations with a broad political acceptance (such as the United Nations), can provide information on whether or not a sovereign state is referred to as a republic.

List of republics by period[edit]

Antiquity[edit]

Middle Ages and Renaissance[edit]

Early modern[edit]

19th century[edit]

20th century[edit]

21st century and later[edit]

List of republics by type[edit]

In modern usage, a republican system of government is loosely applied to any state which claims this designation.[8] For example, the Dominican Republic under Rafael Trujillo is considered a republic, as is the Republic of Iraq under Saddam Hussein and The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics under Joseph Stalin. The [[Kingdom of Swedemaricas putas in the Economist's index of democracy) [9] is not a republic, but the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (i.e. North Korea, which ranks lowest in the same survey) is.

Arab Republics[edit]

Confederal republics[edit]

Confederal republics are associations of sovereign states, usually having power over critical common issues such as defense and foreign policy:

Democratic Republics[edit]

These are republics that use the word "democratic" in their official name. Their actual political systems can vary considerably.

Federal republics[edit]

Federal republics are federal states in which the administrative divisions (states or provinces) theoretically retain a degree of autonomy which is constitutionally protected, and cannot be revoked unilaterally by the national government.

Islamic Republics[edit]

Republics governed in accordance with Islamic law:

People's Republics[edit]

Current People's Republics[edit]

People's republics were meant to be governed by the people, but the name is most often (but not always) used by communist states.

Former People's Republics[edit]

Socialist Republics[edit]

These are republics that use the word "socialist" in their official name.

Unitary republics[edit]

Unitary republics are unitary states which are governed constitutionally as one single unit, with a single constitutionally created legislature.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Brief history of Novgorod". WayToRussia.Net. Retrieved 2007-12-26.  External link in |work= (help)
  2. ^ a b Carrington, Dorothy, "The Corsican Constitution of Pasquale Paoli (1755-1769)," The English Historical Review, July 1973, pp 481-503
  3. ^ a b Van de Water, Frederic Franklyn (1974). The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724–1791. The Countryman Press. ISBN 0-914378-02-3. 
  4. ^ Comité de Salud Pública en Motril durante la Revolución Cantonalde 1873. Actas de Creación. Motril, 1989.
  5. ^ a b "Wee, Small Republics: A Few Examples of Popular Government," Hawaiian Gazette, Nov 1, 1895, p. 1.
  6. ^ Joseph Lee, Ireland, 1912–1985: Politics and Society, Cambridge University Press, 1989, p. 300.
  7. ^ Henry St. Amant Bradsher, Afghanistan and the Soviet Union, Duke University Press, 1983.
  8. ^ Republic, Oxford English Dictionary, SECOND EDITION 1989
  9. ^ Laza Kekic, The Economist Intelligence Units Index of democracy, The Economist: The World in 2007
  10. ^ ___."The Formation of the Brazilian Republic in 1889." <http://faculty.fullerton.edu/nfitch/history110b/brarep.html> (accessed May 19, 2008).
  11. ^ "Mexico". The World Factbook. CIA. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  12. ^ "Nepal declared republican state - Gorkhapatra Sansthan - State Owned Newspaper". 
  13. ^ Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR approved the Law of the RSFSR #2094-I of December 25, 1991 "Name Change for the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" // News of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian SFSR and Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR. – 1992. – № 2. – Art. 62
  14. ^ Article 1 of the Russian Constitution
  15. ^ "United States". The World Factbook. CIA. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  16. ^ "Korea, North". The World Factbook. CIA. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  17. ^ "Algeria". The World Factbook. CIA. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  18. ^ "Bangladesh". The World Factbook. CIA. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  19. ^ "China". The World Factbook. CIA. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  20. ^ "Laos". The World Factbook. CIA. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-21. 
  21. ^ Shapiro, Allan E. "Taking Space Seriously, Law, Space and Society in Contemporary Israel" 2004. <http://www.bsos.umd.edu/gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/rosen-zvi904.htm> (accessed May 19, 2008).
  22. ^ Quartermaine, Luisa (2000). Mussolini's last republic: propaganda and politics in the Italian Social Republic (R.S.I.) 1943-45. Intellect Books. p. 21ff. ISBN 9781902454085. 
  23. ^ Corpus Juris, 1897 Biac-na-Bato Constitution, December 27, 2008
  24. ^ Corpus Juris, 1935 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, December 27, 2008
  25. ^ Corpus Juris, 1943 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, December 27, 2008
  26. ^ "The Republic of Texas",'Handbook of Texas',http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/mzr02
  27. ^ Is found in Article 1 of their Constitution
  28. ^ Kirschbaum, Stanislav J. (1996). A History of Slovakia: The Struggle for Survival. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 201, and others. ISBN 9780312161255. 

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

  • Media related to Republics at Wikimedia Commons