List of state leaders in 861

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 861.

Asia

• China (Tang dynasty) – Emperor Yizong (859–873)
• Pratihara Empire – Mihira Bhoja I (c. 836–886)
• Japan (Heian period) – Emperor Seiwa (858–876)
• Khorasan (Saffarid dynasty) – Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar (858–876)
• Korea (North South States Period)
  • Balhae – Dae Geonhwang (857–871)
  • Unified Silla –
    1. Heonan (857–861)
    2. Gyeongmun (861–875)

Europe

• First Bulgarian Empire – Boris I, Khan of the Bulgars (852–889)
• Byzantine Empire – Michael III (842–867)
• Caucasus
  • Principality of Iberia – Bagrat I Kuropalates (830–876)
  • Principality of Kakheti –
    1. Samuel (839–861)
    2. Gabriel (861–881)
• Duchy of Croatia – Trpimir I (845–864)
• Kingdom of Denmark – Horik II (854–c. 866)
• England (Heptarchy) –
  • Kingdom of East Anglia – Edmund the Martyr (854–869)
  • Kingdom of Mercia – Burgred (852–874)
  • Kingdom of Northumbria – Osberht (849–862/863)
  • Kingdom of Wessex – Æthelberht (860–865)
• East Francia – Louis the German (843–876)
  • Duchy of Saxony – Liudolf (844–866)
  • Duchy of Thuringia – Thachulf (849–873)
• West Francia – Charles the Bald (843–877)
  • County of Angoulême – Turpio (839–863)
  • County of Anjou – Robert the Strong (861–866)
  • Duchy of Aquitaine – Ranulf I (854–866)
  • Kingdom of Aquitaine –
    • Pepin II of Aquitaine (854–864)
    • Charles the Child (855–866)
  • County of Auxerre – Conrad I (859–864)
  • County of Barcelona – Humfrid (858–865)
  • Duchy of Brittany – Salomon (857–874)
  • Duchy of Gascony – Sans II Sancion of Gascony (836–864)
  • County of Maine – Rorgon II (853–865)
  • March of Neustria –
    • Adalard the Seneschal (861–865)
    • Udo (861–865)
    • Berengar I, Margrave of Neustria (861–865)
  • County of Poitiers – Ranulf I (854–866)
  • County of Toulouse – Raymond I (852–863)
  • County of Tours – Robert the Strong (860–866)
  • County of Troyes – Rudolph I (858–866)
  • County of Urgell – Solomon (848–869)
• Ireland – Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid, High King of Ireland (846–862)
  • Kingdom of Ailech – Áed Findliath (c. 855–879)
  • Kingdom of Connacht – Mugron mac Máel Cothaid (848–872)
  • Uí Maine –
  • Kingdom of Leinster –
  • Kingdom of Mide – Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid (845–862)
  • Kingdom of Munster – Cenn Fáelad hua Mugthigirn (861–872)
  • Kingdom of Osraige – Cerball mac Dúnlainge (842–888)
  • Kingdom of Ulaid –
  • Cathalán mac Indrechtaig, co-king (857–871)
  • Lethlobar mac Loingsig, co-king (857–873)
• Kingdom of Italy – Louis II (855–875)
  • Principality of Benevento – Adelchis (854–878)
  • County of Capua –
    1. Lando I (843–861)
    2. Lando II (861)
    3. Pando (861–862)
  • March of Friuli – Eberhard (846–863)
  • Duchy of Gaeta – Constantine, Hypatus of Gaeta (839–866)
  • Duchy of Naples – Sergius I (840–864)
  • Papal States – Pope Nicholas I (858–867)
  • Principality of Salerno –
    1. Adhemar (853–861)
    2. Guaifer (861–880)
  • Duchy of Spoleto –Lambert I (860–871)
  • March of Tuscany – Adalbert I (847–886)
  • Republic of Venice – Pietro Tradonico, Doge of Venice (836–864)
• Kingdom of Lotharingia – Lothair II (855–869)
• Great Moravia – Rastislav (846–870)
• Kingdom of Provence – Charles (855–863)
• Scotland
  • Kingdom of the Picts – Donald I (858–862)
• Principality of Serbia – Mutimir, Grand Župan (850–891)
• Spain –
  • County of Aragon – Galindo Aznárez I (844–867)
  • Kingdom of Asturias – Ordoño I (850–866)
    • County of Castile – Rodrigo (860–873)
  • Emirate of Córdoba – Muhammad I (852–886)
  • Kingdom of Pamplona – García Íñiguez (851/852–882)
• Wales –
  • Kingdom of Gwynedd – Rhodri the Great (844–878)
  • Kingdom of Powys – Rhodri the Great (855–878)