List of wars by death toll
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See also: List of genocides by death toll
This list of wars by death toll includes death toll estimates of all deaths that are either directly or indirectly caused by war. These numbers usually include both the deaths of military personnel which are the direct results of battle or other military wartime actions, as well as the wartime/war-related deaths of civilians, which are the results of war induced epidemics, diseases, famines, atrocities, genocide, etc.
Contents
List of wars by death toll with over 1,000,000 deaths[edit]
| This section's factual accuracy is disputed. (October 2015) |
| War | Deaths | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| World War II | 60,000,000–85,000,000 | 1939–1945 | see World War II casualties |
| Mongol conquests | 40,000,000–70,000,000 | 1206–1324 | [1][2][3][4] |
| Three Kingdoms War | 36,000,000–40,000,000 | 184–280 | [5][6] |
| Qing dynasty conquest of Ming Dynasty | 25,000,000 | 1616–1662 | [7] |
| Taiping Rebellion | 20,000,000 | 1850–1864 | [8] – may be underestimated |
| Second Sino-Japanese War | 20,000,000 | 1937–1945 | [9] – Part of World War II |
| World War I/Great War | 17,000,000 | 1914–1918 | see World War I casualties |
| An Lushan Rebellion | 13,000,000 | 755–763 | [10] – may be underestimated |
| Conquest of the Americas | 8,000,000 - 145,000,000 | 1492–1898 | [11][12][13][14] See Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas, estimates vary greatly due to lack of historical population data. |
| Chinese Civil War | 7,500,000 | 1927–1949 | [15] |
| Conquests of Tamerlane | 7,000,000–20,000,000 | 1370–1405 | [16][17] |
| Russian Civil War and Foreign Intervention | 5,000,000–9,000,000 | 1917–1922 | [18] |
| Dungan revolt | 8,000,000–10,000,000 | 1862–1877 | |
| Kurukshetra War | 3,936,600 | 1200 to 800 BCE | [19] |
| Napoleonic Wars | 3,500,000–6,000,000 | 1803–1815 | see Napoleonic Wars casualties |
| Thirty Years' War | 3,000,000–11,500,000 | 1618–1648 | [20] |
| Second Congo War/Great War of Africa | 2,500,000–5,400,000 | 1998–2003 | [21][22][23][24] |
| Goguryeo-Sui War | 2,000,000 At Least | 598–614 | [25] – Korean(Goguryeo) and civilian casualties are not included. |
| French Wars of Religion | 2,000,000–4,000,000 | 1562–1598 | [26] – also known as Huguenot Wars |
| Shaka's conquests | 2,000,000 | 1816–1828 | [27] |
| Korean War | 1,200,000 | 1950–1953 | [28] |
| Conquests of Mehmed II 'the Conqueror' | 873,000 | 1451–1481 | [29] – may either be underestimated or overestimated |
| Vietnam War/Second Indochina War | 800,000–3,800,000 | 1955–1975 | [29][30][31] |
| Mexican Revolution | 1,000,000–2,000,000 | 1910–1920 | [32] |
| Siege of Jerusalem | 1,100,000 | 73 | |
| Iran–Iraq War/First Persian Gulf War | 1,000,000 | 1980–1988 | [33] |
| Japanese invasions of Korea | 1,000,000 | 1592–1598 | [34] |
| Biafra War | 1,000,000 | 1967–1970 | |
| Soviet war in Afghanistan | 957,865–1,622,865 | 1979–1989 | [35][36][37] |
| Seven Years' War | 868,000–1,400,000 | 1756–1763 | [38][39] |
List of wars by death toll with fewer than 1,000,000 deaths[edit]
- 876,000 – English Civil War (1642–1651)[40][41][42]
- 770,000 – Second Punic War (218–201 BC)[43]
- 618,000 – American Civil War (1861–1865)[44]
- 500,000–1,500,000 – Ethiopian Civil War[45]
- 500,000 – Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) [46]
- 400,000–1,000,000 – Gallic Wars (58–50 BC)
- 400,000+ – First Indochina War (1946–1954)
- 400,000 – Civil war in Afghanistan (1989–92), Civil war in Afghanistan (1992–96) and Civil war in Afghanistan (1996–2001) (1989–2001)[47]
- 400,000+ War of the Triple Alliance (1864–1870) [48]
- 350,000–1,500,000 – Algerian War of Independence (1954–1962)[49]
- 350,000 – Third Northern War (1700–1721)[50]
- 315,000–735,000 – Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639–1651)[51]
- 300,000–3,000,000[52] – Bangladesh Liberation War (1971)
- 300,000 – Second Burundian Civil War (1993–2005)[53]
- 300,000 (TFG)–500,000+ (AFP) – Somali Civil War[54][55][56]
- 272,000–1,260,009 – War on Terror (2001–present)[57][58][59]
- 234,000 – Philippine–American War (1899–1912)[60]
- 220,000 – Syrian Civil War (2011–present), see Casualties of the Syrian civil war
- 220,000 – Colombian conflict (1964–present) (1964–present)[61]
- 200,000 – Indonesian occupation of East Timor (1975–1999)[62][63]
- 200,000–1,000,000 – Albigensian Crusade (1208–1259)[64][65]
- 200,000–500,000 — Lord's Resistance Army insurgency (1987–present)[66]
- 200,000 – Algerian Civil War (1991–2002)[67][68]
- 185,250–3,000,000 – Hundred Years' War (1337–1453)[69]
- 178,258–461,520 – War in Darfur (2003–present)[70]
- 176,913–1,120,000 – Iraq War/Third Persian Gulf War (2003–2011), see Casualties of the Iraq War, part of the War on Terror[58][59][71]
- 138,800–320,100 – Iraqi–Kurdish conflict (1918–2003)[72][73]
- 120,000–384,000 – Great Turkish War (1683–1699) (see Ottoman-Habsburg wars)[citation needed]
- 120,000–150,000 – Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990)[citation needed]
- 120,000 – Islamic insurgency in the Philippines (1969–present)[74]
- 115,311 – Arab–Israeli conflict (1920–present)[75]
- 106,800+ – Mexican Drug War (2006–present)[76][77]
- 100,000–10,000,000[78] – Indian Rebellion of 1857
- 100,000–400,000 – Western New Guinea (1984–) (see Genocide in West Papua)
- 100,000 – Insurgency in Laos (1975–2007)[79]
- 100,000 – German Peasants' War (1524–1525)[80]
- 97,000–107,000 – Aceh War (1873–1914)[81]
- 97,214–104,732 – Bosnian War (1991–1995)[citation needed]
- 90,969 – Mahdist War (1881–1889)[citation needed]
- 90,000+ – Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War (1018–1019)[82]
- 85,000–235,000 – 1991 uprisings in Iraq (1991)[83][84][85]
- 80,000–110,000, Kashmir Conflict – (1947 to present)
- 80,000–100,000 – Sri Lankan Civil War (1983–2009)[86]
- 63,500–88,500 – Mozambican War of Independence (1964–1974)[87]
- 60,000 – Ituri conflict (1999–2007)[88]
- 47,246–61,603 – War in Afghanistan (2001–present) (2001–present), part of the War on Terror[71]
- 45,852 – 78,946 – War in North-West Pakistan (2004–present), part of the War on Terror[71]
- 45,000 – Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1979–2013)[89]
- 34,000 – Iranian-Kurdish conflict (1918–present)[90]
- 34,000 – Ethnic conflict in Nagaland (1954–present)[91]
- 25,000 – Insurgency in Northeast India (1964–present)[92]
- 25,000 – Shia insurgency in Yemen (2004–present)[93]
- 20,000 – Ragamuffin War (1835–1845)[94]
- 18,069–20,069 – First Opium War (1839–1842)[95]
- 17,200 – First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842)[96]
- 16,765–17,065 – Balochistan conflict (1948–present)[97][98][99]
- 16,000 – War of the Pacific (1879–1883)
- 15,000 – Nigerian Sharia conflict (1953–present)[100][101][102]
- 13,929 – Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)[103]
- 13,812 – Naxalite-Maoist insurgency (1967–present)[104][105]
- 10,000+ – Malayan Emergency (1948–1960)[106]
- 9,400 - Libyan Civil War (2011)[107]
- 8,136+ – Iraqi insurgency (post-U.S. withdrawal) (2011–present)[108]
- 5,641 – Sudanese nomadic conflicts (2009–present)[109][110]
- 5,469 – South Thailand insurgency (2004–present)[111]
- 5,000 – Casamance conflict[112]
- 5,000 – Chilean Civil War of 1891 (1891)[113]
- 4,000–10,000 Conflict in the Niger Delta (2004–present)[114]
- 3,699 – Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen (1992–present)[115]
- 3,529 – The Northern Ireland Troubles (1969–1998)[116]
- 3,000–6,000 – Negro Rebellion (1912)[117][118]
- 3,000 – Second Ivorian Civil War (2010–2011)[119]
- 2,781 – Iranian Revolution (1978–1979)[120]
- 2,751 – Third Anglo-Afghan War (1919)[121]
- 2,557 – Sudan internal conflict (2011–present) (2011–present)[122][123][124]
- 2,394 - Sinai insurgency[125]
- 2,198 – Insurgency in the North Caucasus (2009–present)[126][127][128][129][130]
- 2,000 – Six-Day War (2000) (2000)[131]
- 2,000 – 2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes (2010)[132][133][134]
- 1,643–2,237 – War of Transnistria (1992)[135][136][137][138]
- 1,554 – South Yemen insurgency (2009–present)[139][140]
- 1300+ – Allied Democratic Forces insurgency (1996–present)[141]
- 1,229 – Basque conflict (1959–2011)[142]
- 1,227–5,600 – Kargil War (1999)[143][144][145][146]
- 1,119 – Political violence in Egypt, 2013 (2013–present)[147]
- 1,000–1,500 – Cabinda conflict (1994–present)[148]
- 1,000 – 1991–92 South Ossetia War (1991–1992)[149]
- 846 – 2011 Egyptian revolution (2011)[150]
- 740 – Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation (1963–1966)[151][152]
- 659–2,496 – Russia–Georgia war (2008)[153][154][155][156][157]
- 643[158] - 1,500[159] - Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile
- 391+ – M23 rebellion (2012–present)[160][161][162]
- 174–194 – United States occupation of Veracruz (1914)[163]
- 95 – 2013 Guinea clashes (2013)[164]
- 84–134 – Lahad Datu standoff (2013)[165][166]
Charts and graphs[edit]
See also[edit]
- War: Nine largest by death toll
- Lists of wars
- List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll
- List of ongoing military conflicts
- List of genocides by death toll
References[edit]
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[D]emographers have been uncovering, in region upon region, post-Columbian depopulation rates of between 90 and 98 percent with such regularity that an overall decline of 95 percent has become a working rule of thumb. [...] In the 1940s and 1950s conventional wisdom held that the population of the entire hemisphere in 1492 was little more than 8,000,000—with fewer than 1,000,000 people living in the region north of present-day Mexico. Today, few serious students of the subject would put the hemispheric figure at less than 75,000,000 to 100,000,000 (with approximately 8,000,000 to 12,000,000 north of Mexico), while one of the most well-regarded specialists in the field recently has suggested that a more accurate estimate would be around 145,000,000 for the hemisphere as a whole and about 18,000,000 for the area north of Mexico.
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[T]hose attempting to calculate the depopulation of the New World in generalized terms by pressing its beginning closer and closer to 1492 are confronted with refractory sources that do not provide them with the information they require... The vulnerability to refutation is no light matter ... a formidable lack of curiosity about the content and legitimacy of competing evidence and a concomitant failure to systematically to engage the scholarship of others can only render this the refuge of the credulous.
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