List of wars involving Russia

See also: List of battles involving Russia

The following is an incomplete list of armed conflicts and wars fought by Russia, by Russian people, from antiquity to the present day. It also includes wars fought outside Russia by Russian military.

Kievan Rus'

Main articles: Rus'–Byzantine wars and Caspian expeditions of the Rus'

This section contains list of wars involving Kievan Rus' and its principalities located on the territory of modern Russia and Ukraine (Principality of Kiev, Principality of Chernigov, Principality of Pereyaslavl, Principality of Volhynia, Principality of Terebovlia, Principality of Halych, Principality of Turov and Pinsk).

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
830s	Paphlagonian expedition of the Rus'	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Unclear
860	Rus'–Byzantine War (860)	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Victory
907	Rus'–Byzantine War (907)	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Victory
920–1036	Rus'-Pechenegs' campaigns	Kievan Rus'	Pechenegs	Different results
941	Rus'–Byzantine War (941)	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
964–965	Sviatoslav's campaign against Khazars	Kievan Rus'	Khazar Khaganate	Victory. Destruction of Khazar Khaganate.
967/968–971	Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
981	Rus' raid on Czerwień Towns	Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Poland	Victory
987	Rus'–Byzantine War (987)	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Agreement. Baptism of Vladimir and further Christianization of Kievan Rus'.
1018	German–Polish War (1002–18) Boleslaw I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis	Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Poland	Defeat
1022	Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest	Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Poland	Defeat
1024	Rus'–Byzantine War (1024)	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
1043	Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)	Kievan Rus'	Byzantine Empire	Defeat
1055–1223	Rus'-Cumans' campaigns	Kievan Rus'	Cumans	Different results
1069 1074 1077	Bolesław II the Generous's raids on Rus'	Kievan Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Defeats
1076	Bolesław II the Generous's raid on Bohemia	Kingdom of Poland Kievan Rus'	Duchy of Bohemia	Polish victory
1092	Ruthenian and Cuman raid on Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Victory
1101	Rus' and Cuman raid on Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Victory
1120	Rus' and Cuman raid on Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kingdom of Poland	Victory
1139–1142	Fights between Duchy of Masovia and Rus'	Kievan Rus'	Bolesław IV the Curly	Victory
1147	Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians	Bolesław IV the Curly Kievan Rus'	Old Prussians	Bolesław IV the Curly's victory
1187	Rus raid on Lesser Poland	Principality of Halych	Casimir II the Just	Victory
1188–1189	Béla III's military campaign against Halych	Principality of Halych	Kingdom of Hungary	Defeat
1189	Casimir II the Just's raid on Halych	Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Halych	Casimir II the Just	Defeat
1205	Roman the Great's raid on Poland Battle of Zawichost	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White	Defeat. Death of Roman the Great.
1207	Leszek I the White's raid on Rus'	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White Konrad I of Masovia	Defeat
1213–1214 1219 1233–1234	Andrew II's military campaigns against Halych	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Kingdom of Hungary	Victory. Hungarian retreat.
1214	Leszek I the White's raid on Volodymyr-Volynskyi	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White Kingdom of Hungary	Defeat
1218–1221	Polish-Hungarian-Ruthenian War	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Leszek I the White Kingdom of Hungary	Victory
1223–1240	Mongol invasion of Rus' (see also List of Tatar and Mongol raids against Rus')	Vladimir-Suzdal Principality of Kiev Galicia-Volhynia Novgorod Republic Smolensk Turov and Pinsk Rostov Chernigov Ryazan Pereyaslavl	Mongol Empire	Defeat. Principalities of the Russian State became vassals of the Mongol Empire.

Grand Principality of Moscow (1480–1547)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–72)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Principality of Tver	Inconclusive Treaty of Lyubutsk
Battle of Shelon (14 July 1471)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Novgorod Republic	Victory Novgorod was joined to the Principality of Moscow in 1478
Great stand on the Ugra river (8 October 1480)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Golden Horde	Victory End of Mongol rule
Capture of Tver (1485)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Principality of Tver	Victory End of the Principality of Tver
First Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1492–1494)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Victory
Russo-Swedish War (1495–1497)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Sweden	Inconclusive
Second Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1500–1503)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Livonian Order	Victory
Russo-Kazan War (1505–07)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Khanate of Kazan	Inconclusive
Third Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1507–1508)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crimean Khanate	Inconclusive
Fourth Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1512–1522)	Grand Duchy of Moscow Livonian Order	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Crimean Khanate	Victory
Fifth Muscovite-Lithuanian War (1534–1537)	Grand Duchy of Moscow	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Crimean Khanate	Indecisive

Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721)

Conflict	Russia (and its allies)	Opponent(s)	Result
Siege of Kazan (1552) Location: Tatarstan Qolsharif and his students defend their madrassa and the Qolsharif mosque	Russia	Khanate of Kazan	Victory Annexation of Kazan into Russia
Tatar Rebellion (1552–1556) Location: Tatarstan	Russia	Tatar rebels	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Ivan the Terrible's Swedish War (1554–1557) Location: Karelia	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive Treaty of Novgorod
Russian conquest of Astrakhan (1556) Location: Astrakhan	Russia	Astrakhan Khanate	Victory Russian annexation of Astrakhan
Livonian War (1558–1583) Location: Northern Europe Russia troops besiege Narva in 1558	Russia Livonia	Livonian Confederation Denmark–Norway Sweden Poland–Lithuania (before 1569 the Polish–Lithuanian union)	Defeat Truce of Jam Zapolski Treaty of Plussa
Astrakhan Expedition (1568–1570) Location: Astrakhan and Azov	Russia	Turkey Crimean Khanate	Victory Treaty of Constantinople (1570)
Ivan the Terrible's Crimean War (1570–1572) Location: European Russia	Russia	Crimean Khanate Turkey	Victory Crimean invasion of Russia repelled
Russian conquest of Siberia (1580–1762) Location: Siberia Yermak's Conquest of Siberia	Russia Cossacks pro-Russian native Siberians	Khanate of Sibir (until 1598) Native Siberians	Victory Russian annexation of Siberia
Boris Godunov's Swedish War (1590–1595) Location: Northern Europe	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive Treaty of Teusina
Polish invasions of Russia (1605–1618) Location: Russia The Poles surrender the Moscow Kremlin to Prince Pozharsky in 1612	Russia Sweden (1609–1610)	Poland–Lithuania	Inconclusive Russian independence secured Truce of Deulino
Bolotnikov Rebellion (1606–1607) Location: Russia Bolotnikov's battle with the Tsar's army at Nizhniye Kotly near Moscow	Russia	Rebels under Ivan Bolotnikov	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Ingrian War (1610–1617) Location: Russia Depiction of Russian troops in 1611	Russia	Sweden	Defeat Treaty of Stolbovo
Smolensk War (1632–1634) Location: Smolensk Russian troops storm Smolensk	Russia	Poland–Lithuania	Defeat Treaty of Polyanovka
Alexis I's Persian War (1651–1653) Location: North Caucasus	Russia	Persia	Inconclusive
Sino–Russian border conflicts (1652–1689) Location: Heilongjiang and Amur Russian fort under attack by Chinese troops	Russia Cossacks	China Korea	Defeat Treaty of Nerchinsk
First Northern War (1654–1667) Location: Eastern Europe	Russia Cossack Hetmanate	Poland–Lithuania Crimean Khanate	Victory Truce of Andrusovo
Second Northern War (1656–1658) Location: Northern Europe Russian troops besiege Riga in 1656	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive Treaty of Valiesar Treaty of Cardis
Moscow Uprising (1662) Location: Moscow Copper Riot in Moscow	Russia	Muscovite insurgents	Victory Crushing of the uprising
First Bashkir Rebellion (1662–1664) Location: Bashkortostan	Russia	Bashkir rebels	Inconclusive Political defeat Russian government forced to accept Bashkir demands
Solovetsky Monastery uprising (1668–1676) Location: Solovetsky Islands Voivode Meshcherinov puts down the Solovki Rebellion	Russia	Raskol rebels	Victory Crushing of the uprising
Razin's Rebellion (1670–1671) Location: Russia Razin's rebels in Astrakhan	Russia	Cossacks under Stepan Razin	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Feodor III's Turkish War (1676–1681) Location: Ukraine	Russia	Turkey Crimean Khanate	Indecisive Treaty of Bakhchisarai
First Streltsy Rebellion (1682) Location: Moscow A scene from the uprising: The Streltsy take away Natalia Naryshkina's brother; young Peter the Great tries to console his mother, while Sophia watches the whole scene in satisfaction	Russia	Streltsy regiments	Defeat Sofia Alekseyevna becomes regent
Great Turkish War (1683–1700) Location: Eastern Europe Russian troops capture Azov	Russia (from 1686) Austria Poland–Lithuania Cossack Hetmanate	Turkey Crimean Khanate	Victory Treaty of Constantinople
Second Streltsy Rebellion (1698) Location: Russia Execution of the Streltsy in Red Square	Russia	Streltsy regiments	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Great Northern War (1700–1721) Location: Europe Russian troops assault the island fortress of Nöteborg Russian troops capture Narva	Russia Denmark–Norway (1700, 1709–) Saxony (1700–6, 1709–) Poland–Lithuania (1700–4, 1709–) Cossack Hetmanate (1700–8) Prussia (1715–) Hanover (1715–) Great Britain (1717–19)	Sweden Holstein-Gottorp Poland–Lithuania (1704–09) Turkey (1710–4) Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09) Great Britain (1700, 1719–21)	Victory Victory against Sweden Treaty of Nystad Defeat against Turkey Treaty of the Pruth
Third Bashkir Rebellion (1704–1711) Location: Bashkortostan and Tatarstan	Russia	Bashkir rebels	Military victory Political defeat Russian government forced to accept some Bashkir demands
Bulavin Rebellion (1707–1708) Location: Southern Russia	Russia	Don Cossack rebels	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Peter the Great's Khivan War (1717) Location: Khanate of Khiva	Russia	Khanate of Khiva	Defeat Russian invasion of Khanate of Khiva repelled
Kazakh-Russian conflicts (1717–1847) Location: Kazakhstan	Russia Bashkirs Cossack rebels	Kazakhstan Kyrgyz tribes Khanate of Khiva	Victory Annexation of Kazakhstan to Russia

Russian Empire (1721–1917)

Conflict	Russia (and its allies)	Opponent(s)	Result
Persian Expedition of Peter the Great (1722–1723) Location: Caucasus and northern Iran	Russia Cossack Hetmanate Armenia Georgia	Persia Turkey	Victory Treaty of Saint Petersburg
War of the Polish Succession (1733–1738) Location: Poland and Rhineland Depiction of the Siege of Danzig by Russian and Saxon forces in 1734	Poland under Augustus III of Poland Russia Austria Saxony Prussia	Poland under Stanisław Leszczyński France Spain Sardinia	Indecisive Treaty of Vienna
Russo–Austro–Turkish War (1735–1739) Location: Eastern Europe	Russia Cossack Hetmanate Austria	Turkey Crimea	Victory Russian victory Austrian defeat Treaty of Niš
Fourth Bashkir Rebellion (1735–1740) Location: Bashkortostan	Russia pro-Russian Bashkirs	Bashkir rebels	Victory Crushing of the rebellion Establishment of Orenburg
War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748) Location: Europe	Austria Britain Hanover Russia (1741–43, 1748) Dutch Republic Saxony (1743–45) Sardinia	Prussia (1740–42) (1744–45) Spain (1740–1746) France Bavaria (1741–45) Saxony (1741–42) Naples and Sicily Genoa Sweden (1741–43)	Inconclusive Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle Victory against Sweden Treaty of Åbo
Seven Years' War (1756–1763) Location: Europe Russian troops in Kolberg in 1761	France Austria Spain Sweden Russia (1756–1762) Saxony	Prussia Britain Hanover Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Portugal Hesse-Kassel Schaumburg-Lippe Iroquois Confederacy	White peace Treaty of Saint Petersburg Defeat of Russia's former allies
Koliyivshchyna Rebellion (1768–1769) Location: Ukraine Camp of Haidamakas	Russia Poland–Lithuania	Haidamaky	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
War of the Bar Confederation (1768–1772) Location: Poland The Bar Confederates pray before the Battle of Lanckorona	Russia	France Bar Confederation	Victory Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji First Partition of Poland
Catherine the Great's First Turkish War (1768–1774) Location: Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Mediterranean Destruction of the Turkish fleet in the Battle of Chesma	Russia	Turkey Crimea	Victory Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji
Pugachev's Rebellion (1773–1775) Location: Russia Russian Cossack troops march during the rebellion	Russia	Rebels under Yemelyan Pugachev Turkey	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Catherine the Great's Second Turkish War (1787–1792) Location: Eastern Europe Russian troops storm the fortress of Ochakov	Russia	Turkey	Victory Treaty of Jassy
Catherine the Great's Swedish War (1788–1790) Location: Finland, western Sweden and Baltic Sea Russian fleet during the Battle of Vyborg Bay	Russia	Sweden	Inconclusive
Catherine the Great's Polish War (1792) Location: Poland Russian troops after the Battle of Zieleńce	Russia Targowica Confederation	Poland–Lithuania	Victory Second Partition of Poland
Kościuszko Uprising (1794) Location: Poland Battle of Szczekociny	Russia Prussia	Poland–Lithuania	Victory Crushing of the uprising Third Partition of Poland
Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great (1796) Location: North Caucasus and South Caucasus	Russia	Persia	Withdrawal
War of the Second Coalition (1799–1802) Location: Europe Suvorov victorious at the Battle of Trebbia	Austria Holy Roman Empire Britain Russia (until 1799) French Royalists Portugal Two Sicilies Turkey	France Spain Denmark-Norway Polish Legions French client states	Withdrawal (in 1799) French victory in 1802
War of the Third Coalition (1803–1806) Location: Europe Capture of a French regiment's standard by the cavalry of the Russian Guards	Austria Russia United Kingdom Sicily Naples Portugal Sweden	France French client states	Defeat Peace of Pressburg
Alexander I's Persian War (1804–1813) Location: North Caucasus, South Caucasus and northern Iran Russian troops storm the fortress of Lankaran	Russia	Persia	Victory Treaty of Gulistan
War of the Fourth Coalition (1806–1807) Location: Eastern and Central Europe	Prussia United Kingdom Saxony Sweden Russia Sicily	France French client states Spain Confederation of the Rhine Bavaria Württemberg Italy Naples Polish Legions	Defeat Treaties of Tilsit
Alexander I's Turkish War (1806–1812) Location: Romania, Moldova, Caucasus and Black Sea Russian Fleet after the Battle of Athos	Russia	Turkey	Victory Treaty of Bucharest
Finnish War (1808–1809) Location: Finland and Sweden	Russia	Sweden	Victory Treaty of Fredrikshamn
War of the Fifth Coalition (1809) Location: Central Europe	France Confederation of the Rhine Italy Spain Warsaw Russia	Austria United Kingdom Sicily Sardinia	Victory (limited involvement) Treaty of Schönbrunn
French invasion of Russia (1812) Location: Russia General Raevsky leading a detachment of the Russian Imperial Guard at the Battle of Saltanovka	Russia	France French client states	Victory French invasion repelled Destruction of Napoleon's Grand Army
War of the Sixth Coalition (1813–1814) Location: Europe Russian Bashkir troops in Paris in 1814	Austria Prussia United Kingdom Sweden Russia Spain Portugal Sicily Sardinia	France French client states	Victory Treaty of Fontainebleau Treaty of Paris
War of the Seventh Coalition (1815) Location: Europe	Austria Prussia United Kingdom Russia Hanover Nassau Brunswick Sweden United Netherlands Spain Portugal Sardinia Sicily Tuscany Switzerland French Royalists	France Naples	Victory Treaty of Paris
Caucasian War (1817–1864) Location: Caucasus Imam Shamil surrenders to Russian forces	Russia Mingrelia Guria	Caucasian Imamate Circassia Big Kabarda (until 1825) Abkhazian insurgents Kazi-Kumukh Dagestan free people Avaria (1829–1859) Svaneti	Victory Annexation of North Caucasus into Russia Surrender of Imam Shamil
Decembrist revolt (1825) Location: Saint Petersburg Decembrists at the Senate Square	Russia	Decembrist rebels	Victory Crushing of the revolt
Nicholas I's Persian War (1826–1828) Location: South Caucasus and northern Iran Russian and Persian troops clash near Elisabethpol	Russia	Persia	Victory Treaty of Turkmenchay
Battle of Navarino Part of the Greek War of Independence (1827) Location: Greece Russian squadron bombarding the Ottoman fleet	United Kingdom France Russia	Turkey Egypt Tunisia	Victory
Nicholas I's Turkish War (1828–1829) Location: Balkans and Caucasus Russian troops besiege Kars in 1828	Russia	Turkey	Victory Treaty of Adrianople
November uprising (1830–1831) Location: Poland Russian and Polish forces clash during the Battle of Ostrołęka	Russia	Poland	Victory Crushing of the uprising
Second Turko–Egyptian War (1839–1841) Location: Syria and Lebanon	Britain Austria Russia Turkey	Egypt France Spain	Victory Egypt renounced its claim to Syria
Russian conquest of Central Asia (1839–1895) Location: Central Asia Russian troops cross the Oxus at Sheik Arik on 30 May 1873	Russia	Kazakhstan Bukhara Khiva Kokand Turkmen tribes Kyrgyz tribes Afghanistan	Victory Russian annexation of Central Asia
Gurian Rebellion (1841) Location: Georgia	Russia	Gurian rebels	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Shoorcha rebellion (1842) Location: Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk	Russia	Tatar, Mari and Chuvash peasants	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Hungarian Revolution of 1848 (1848–1849) Location: Hungary Hungarian troops surrender to the Russians at Világos	Austria Croatia Serbian Vojvodina Serbian volunteers pro-Habsburg Hungarians Slovak National Council Transylvanian Romanians Chief Rus' Council Czech volunteers Bohemian and Moravian volunteers Transylvanian Saxons Russia	Hungary Hungarian Slovenes pro-Hungarian Slovaks Rusyns Zipser Germans Hungarian Germans Croats from Western Hungary and Međimurje Šokac and Bunjevac people Banat Bulgarians Polish legions German legion Viennese legion Italian legion	Victory Crushing of the revolution
Crimean War (1853–1856) Location: Crimea, Balkans, Caucasus, Black Sea, Baltic Sea, White Sea and Far East Russian troops and French zouaves engaged in hand-to-hand combat at Malakhov Kurgan	Russia	France Turkey Britain Sardinia	Defeat Treaty of Paris
Mahtra Rebellion (1858) Location: Estonia	Russia	Estonian peasants	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Bezdna Revolt (1861) Location: Tatarstan	Russia	Peasants	Victory Crushing of the revolt
January uprising (1863–1864) Location: Poland Russian troops in Warsaw during the uprising	Russia	Polish, Lithuanian and Ukrainian insurgents	Victory Crushing of the uprising
Polish Rebellion in Siberia (1866) Location: Siberia	Russia	Polish political exiles	Victory Crushing of the rebellion
Alexander II's Turkish War (1877–1878) Location: Balkans and Caucasus Russian crossing of the Danube in June 1877	Russia Bulgarian volunteers Romania Serbia Montenegro	Turkey	Victory Treaty of San Stefano Treaty of Berlin Reestablishment of the Bulgarian state De jure independence of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro from Turkey Annexation of Kars and Batum to Russia
Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901) Location: China Russian officers in Manchuria during the rebellion	Eight-Nation Alliance: Japan United Kingdom Russia France United States Germany Austria-Hungary Italy	Righteous Harmony Society China	Victory
Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905) Location: Manchuria, Korean Peninsula and Yellow Sea Russian cavalry in a reconnaissance mission during the Battle of Mukden	Russia Montenegro	Japan	Defeat Treaty of Portsmouth
Russian Revolution of 1905 (1905–1907) Location: Russia A barricade erected by revolutionaries in Moscow	Russia	Revolutionaries Peasants Industrial workers Separatists Saint Petersburg Soviet Moscow City Duma Chita Republic SR RSDLP	Victory Crushing of the revolution
Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911) Location: Iran Russian flag over Arg of Tabriz	Persia Russia (from 1906)	Iranian constitutionalists	Victory Russian occupation of Northern Iran until Russian Revolution
First World War (1914–1918) Location: Europe and Asia Russian troops going to the front Attack of Russian cavalry Russian trenches in the forests of Sarikamish	Allies: France United Kingdom Russia (until March 1918) United States China Italy Japan Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Serbia Romania Belgium Greece Portugal Brazil	Central Powers: Germany Austria-Hungary Turkey Bulgaria	Defeat Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (terminated after eventual Allied victory)
Central Asian Revolt (1916–1934) Location: Central Asia Soviet troops on Turkestan front in 1922	Russia (until 1917) Soviet Union (from 1917) Turkestan ASSR Kirghiz ASSR	Basmachi Khiva Bukhara Afghanistan	Victory Crushing of the revolt

Russian SFSR (1917–1922)

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Early Slavs / Rus' pre-9th century Khazar Khaganate 7th–10th century Rus' Khaganate 9th century Volga Bulgaria 9th–13th century Kievan Rus' 882–1240 Vladimir-Suzdal 1157–1331 Novgorod Republic 1136–1478 Mongol Yoke 1240s–1480 Grand Duchy of Moscow 1283–1547 Tsardom of Russia 1547–1721 Russian Empire 1721–1917 Russian Republic 1917 Russian SFSR 1917–1922 Soviet Union 1922–1991 Russian Federation 1991–present
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Conflict	Russia (and its allies)	Opponent(s)	Results
Russian Civil War (1917–1922) Location: former Russian Empire, Iran and Mongolia Red Army troops attack Kronstadt sailors in March 1921 Soviet troops during the Battle of the Niemen River Stalin, Voroshilov and Shchadenko in the trenches of Tsaritsyn	Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR (from 1919) Byelorussian SSR (from 1920) Far Eastern Republic (from 1920) Mongolian Communists Other Soviet republics Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies	White Movement Orenburg Cossack Host (1917–1921) Don Republic (1917–1920) Siberia (1917–1918) Kuban (1917–1920) Komuch (1918) Ural (1918) Northern Army (1918–1920) Provisional All-Russian Government (1918–1920) North-west Russia (1918–1919) Armed Forces of South Russia (1918–1920) Pskov Voyevodship (subordinated to Regional Government of Northwest Russia) (1919) West Russian Volunteer Army (1919) Newly emerged republics North Caucasus (1917–1921) Abkhazia (1917–1918) Ukraine (1917–1920) Idel-Ural (1917–1918) Kazakhstan (1917–1920) Green Ukraine (1918–1922) Karelia (1918–1920) Central Caspian (1918) Araks Republic (1918–1919) Poland Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Belarus Moldova Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan Western Ingria (1919–1920) North Ingria (1919–1920) South Karelia (1918–1920) Karelian United Government (1920–1923) Allied Intervention United Kingdom Canada Australia Empire of Japan Czechoslovakia Greece United States France Serbia Romania Italy China Pro-German armies German Empire Landeswehr Freikorps Green armies (1920) Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine (1920–1921) Tambov (1920–1921) Kronstadt rebels Left SR Basmachi Bukhara Khiva Ottoman Empire Mongolia	Mixed Victory in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, North Caucasus, South Caucasus, Central Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia Defeat in Moldova, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland

Soviet Union (1922–1991)

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History of Russia
Early Slavs / Rus' pre-9th century Khazar Khaganate 7th–10th century Rus' Khaganate 9th century Volga Bulgaria 9th–13th century Kievan Rus' 882–1240 Vladimir-Suzdal 1157–1331 Novgorod Republic 1136–1478 Mongol Yoke 1240s–1480 Grand Duchy of Moscow 1283–1547 Tsardom of Russia 1547–1721 Russian Empire 1721–1917 Russian Republic 1917 Russian SFSR 1917–1922 Soviet Union 1922–1991 Russian Federation 1991–present
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Conflict	Soviet Union (and its allies)	Opponent(s)	Results
August uprising (1924) Location: Georgia	Soviet Union	Committee for Independence of Georgia	Victory Consolidation of Soviet rule in Georgia
Sino-Soviet conflict (1929) Location: Manchuria Soviet soldiers with captured Kuomintang banners	Soviet Union	China	Victory Upholding of the provisions of 1924 agreement
Kumul Rebellion (1931–1934) Location: Xinjiang	Xinjiang Soviet Union (from 1934) White Movement	China Kumul Khanate loyalists East Turkestan	Ceasefire Division of Xinjiang in two
Soviet–Japanese border conflicts (1932–1941) Location: Primorsky, Mongolia and Manchuria Soviet BT-7 tanks on the offensive	Soviet Union Mongolia	Japan Manchukuo	Victory Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
Islamic Rebellion in Xinjiang (1937) Location: Xinjiang Soviet forces in southern Xinjiang	Xinjiang Soviet Union White Movement	China	Victory Establishment of the rule of Sheng Shica's regime over the whole territory of Xinjiang
World War II – Invasion of Poland (1939) Location: Poland Red Army cavalry on the streets of Lviv after the war, 1939.	Nazi Germany Slovak Republic Soviet Union	Poland	Victory Polish territory divided among Germany, the Soviet Union, Lithuania and Slovakia. Free City of Danzig annexed by Germany. Territory of Eastern Poland (Kresy) (Western Ukraine and West Belarus) annexed to the Soviet Union.
World War II – Winter War (1939–1940) Location: Eastern Finland Soviet soldiers in a trench during the Winter War	Soviet Union	Finland	Victory Moscow Peace Treaty Cession of the Gulf of Finland islands, Karelian Isthmus, Ladoga Karelia, Salla, and Rybachy Peninsula, and lease of Hanko to the Soviet Union (1940)
World War II – First Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940) Location: Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia Soviet troops in Riga, 1940.	Soviet Union	Estonia Latvia Lithuania	Victory Baltic States annexed to the Soviet Union.
World War II – Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina (1940) Location: Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina Soviet parade in Chișinău after the invasion, 1940.	Soviet Union	Romania	Victory Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina annexed to the Soviet Union, creation of Moldavian SSR.
World War II – Eastern Front (1941–1945) Location: Central, Eastern and Northern Europe, in later stages Southeast Europe, Germany, and Austria Soviet marines landing on the west bank of the Volga River Soviet PTRD anti-tank rifle team during the fighting Soviet artillery bombarding German positions during the Battle of the Seelow Heights	Allies Soviet Union Poland Czechoslovakia (from 1943) Yugoslavia (from 1944) Tuva (until 1944) Former Axis powers or co-belligerents Romania (from 1944) Bulgaria (from 1944) Finland (from 1944) Aerial role and material support only Free France (1943–45) United Kingdom (1941) United States (1944)	Axis powers Nazi Germany Romania (until 1944) Hungary Italy (until 1943) Bulgaria (until 1944) Axis puppet states Slovak Republic Croatia Serbia Co-belligerents Finland (until 1944) Supported by Francoist Spain (until 1943) Vichy France (until 1944) White Movement (pro-German faction only)	Victory End of World War II in Europe, destruction of the Third Reich and the death of Adolf Hitler Germany and the rest of Europe divided into Western and Soviet spheres of influence Establishment of Communist-led regimes, with full or partial support of Soviet authorities, in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Albania, and East Germany. Baltic States, Eastern Poland (Kresy), Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina annexed to the Soviet Union, gains from the Winter and Continuation Wars Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Iron Curtain and the Cold War
World War II – Continuation War (1941–1944) Location: Finland, Karelia, and Murmansk Finnish soldiers in a shelter on the VT-line, June 1944.	Soviet Union	Finland Nazi Germany	Victory Moscow Armistice Finland retained its independence Concession of Petsamo and lease of Porkkala to the Soviet Union. Finland declared war on Nazi Germany
World War II – Soviet-Japanese War (1945) Location: Manchuria/Manchukuo, Inner Mongolia/Mengjiang, Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands, and Korea US and Soviet sailors celebrate VJ Day, 1945.	Soviet Union Mongolian People's Republic	Empire of Japan Manchukuo Mengjiang	Victory Contribution to Japanese surrender Liberation of Manchuria, Inner Mongolia and northern Korea, and collapse of Japanese puppet states there Manchuria and Inner Mongolia are returned to China. Kuril Islands occupied by the Soviet Union, beginning of dispute with Japan
Ukrainian Insurgent Army Insurgency (1942–1949) Location: Ukraine Roman Shukhevych, the leader of the UPA	Soviet Union Poland Czechoslovakia Nazi Germany (1943–1944) Polish Underground State	Ukrainian Insurgent Army	Victory Crushing of the insurgency
Ili Rebellion (1944–1949) Location: Xinjiang	East Turkestan White Russian forces Soviet Union	Republic of China	Ceasefire Incorporation of Xinjiang into People's Republic of China
Insurgency in the Baltic states (1944–1956) Location: Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia Famous Estonian forest brother partisan fighter Ants "Ants the Terrible" Kaljurand	Soviet Union	Estonia Latvia Lithuania	Victory Crushing of the insurgency
Guerilla war in Poland (1944–1963) Location: Poland 'Cursed soldiers' of the anti-communist underground	Soviet Union Polish People's Republic	Polish Underground State Home Army Freedom and Independence National Armed Forces Other anti-Commmunist resistance groups	Victory Defeat of Polish Home Army and other underground anti-Communist movements
Korean War (1950–1953) Location: North Korea and South Korea A Soviet MiG-15 in North Korean markings. The arrival of MiGs challenged UN air superiority in Korea	North Korea China Soviet Union	United Nations South Korea United States United Kingdom	Stalemate Establishment of the Korean Demilitarized Zone Minor territorial changes
East German Uprising (1953) Location: East Germany A Soviet IS-2 tank in Leipzig on 17 June 1953	Soviet Union East Germany	East German Demonstrators	Victory Crushing of the uprising
Hungarian Revolution (1956) Location: Hungary Soviet T-54 tanks in Budapest	Soviet Union ÁVH	Revolutionaries	Victory Crushing of the revolution
Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968) Location: Czechoslovakia Soviet tanks with invasion stripes in Czechoslovakia	Soviet Union Bulgaria East Germany Hungary Poland	Czechoslovakia	Victory Moscow Protocol Soviet military presence in Czechoslovakia until 1991
Sino-Soviet border conflict (1969) Location: Sino-Soviet border	Soviet Union	China	Inconclusive Tactical victory Chinese invasion of Damansky Island repelled No territorial changes
War of Attrition (1967–1970) Location: Egypt Soviet S-125 anti-aircraft type missiles in the Suez Canal vicinity	Egypt Soviet Union (from 1969)	Israel	Inconclusive Both sides claimed victory Continuation of Israeli occupation of Sinai
Eritrean War of Independence (1974–1991) Location: Eritrea	Ethiopia Cuba Soviet Union South Yemen	ELF EPLF	Withdrawal (in 1990) Political defeat Eritrean victory in 1991 Fall of the communist government in Ethiopia Independence of Eritrea
Angolan Civil War (1975–2002) Location: Angola Soviet and Cuban military advisors with MPLA troops in Angola	MPLA Cuba Soviet Union SWAPO MK	South Africa UNITA FNLA FLEC	Withdrawal (in 1991) Three Powers Accord Withdrawal of all foreign forces from Angola Independence of Namibia MPLA victory in 2002
Ethio-Somali War (1977–1978) Location: Ogaden	Ethiopia Cuba South Yemen Soviet Union	Somalia WSLF	Victory Somali invasion of Ethiopia repelled Somalia broke all ties with the Second World except for China and Romania
Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan (1979–1989) Location: Afghanistan A Soviet Spetsnaz group prepares for a mission in Afghanistan	Soviet Union Afghanistan	Afghan Mujahideen	Stalemate Political defeat Failure of the Soviet attempt to quell Afghan Mujahedeen insurgency Geneva Accords Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan Mujahideen victory in the Afghan Civil War in 1992

Russian Federation (1991–present)

Conflict	Russia (and its allies)	Opponent(s)	Result
Georgian Civil War (1991–1993) Location: Georgia	Georgia Russia	Zviadists	Victory Zviadist revolt crushed
War in Abkhazia (1991–1993) Location: Abkhazia	Russia Abkhazia	Georgia	Victory Abkhazia gained de facto independence
Transnistria War (1992) Location: Transnistria PMR trucks on the bridge between Tiraspol and Bendery	Transnistria Russia	Moldova	Victory Transnistria gained de facto independence
East Prigorodny Conflict (1992) Location: North Ossetia-Alania	Russia North Ossetia-Alania	Ingush militia	Victory Expulsion of ethnic Ingush from Prigorodny by Ossetian militia
Tajikistani Civil War (1992–1997) Location: Tajikistan Russian Spetsnaz troops dismount a tank during the war	Tajikistan Russia Uzbekistan	United Tajik Opposition Taliban factions	Stalemate United Nations-sponsored armistice
Russian Constitutional Crisis (1993) Location: Russia	Russia	Supreme Soviet of Russia Congress of People's Deputies of Russia Vice President of Russia Supporters of the Supreme Soviet and Alexander Rutskoy	Victory Imposition of Presidential rule by decree Supreme Soviet, Congress, regional and local Soviets disbanded Parliamentary election and constitutional referendum held in 1993
First Chechen War (1994–1996) Location: Chechnya A Chechen militiaman takes cover behind a burned-out Russian BMP-2 armoured vehicle	Russia Chechen Opposition	Ichkeria Mujahideen	Defeat Withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya Khasav-Yurt Accord De facto independence of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, but de jure it remained a part of the Russian Federation
War of Dagestan (1999) Location: Dagestan Russian federal Spetsnaz forces in Dagestan	Russia Dagestan	IIPB	Victory Start of the Second Chechen War
Second Chechen War (1999–2009) Location: Chechnya	Russia Chechnya	Ichkeria Caucasian Front Mujahideen	Victory Russia regained control over Chechnya
Russo-Georgian War (2008) Location: Georgia, South Ossetia and Abkhazia Russian BMP-2 from the 58th Army in South Ossetia	Russia South Ossetia Abkhazia	Georgia	Victory Expansion of Abkhazia and South Ossetia
Insurgency in the North Caucasus (2009–present) Location: North Caucasus FSB Spetsnaz members during an anti-terrorist operation in Mskhachkala, Dagestan	Russia Chechnya Dagestan Ingushetia Kabardino-Balkaria North Ossetia-Alania	Caucasus Emirate ISIL (from 2015)	Ongoing Ongoing low-level insurgency
Russian military intervention in Ukraine (2014–present) Location: Ukraine and Crimea Pro-Russian militants with captured vehicles in Sloviansk	Russia Crimea Donetsk Luhansk	Ukraine	Ongoing Russian annexation of Crimea Minsk II
Russian military intervention in Syria (2015–present) Location: Syria Preparation of an aircraft of the Russian Air Force for combat sorties in Syria	Russia Syria Iran Hezbollah	Ahrar al-Sham Jaysh al-Islam Tahrir al-Sham ISIL Syrian opposition Saudi Arabia Turkey United States	Ongoing Syrian government forces recapture 12,000 square kilometres of area, including Latakia, Aleppo and Palmyra

See also

• History of Russia
• Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
• Military history of Russia