List of world's fairs
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This is a list of international and colonial world's fairs, as well as a list of national exhibitions, a comprehensive chronological list of world's fairs (with notable permanent buildings built). For an annotated list of all world's fairs sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE), see List of world expositions.
1790s[edit]
- 1791 –
Prague, Bohemia, Habsburg Monarchy – first industrial exhibition on the occasion of the coronation of Leopold II as king of Bohemia, took place in Clementinum, considerable sophistication of manufacturing methods.[1] - 1798 –
Paris, France – L'Exposition publique des produits de l'industrie française, Paris, 1798.[2] This was the first public industrial exposition in France although earlier in 1798 the Marquis d'Avèze had held a private exposition of handicrafts and manufactured goods at the Maison d'Orsay in the Rue de Varenne and it was this that suggested the idea of a public exposition to François de Neufchâteau, Minister of the Interior for the French Republic.[3]
1800s[edit]
- 1801 – Paris, France – Second Exposition (1801). After the success of the exposition of 1798 a series of expositions for French manufacturing followed (1801, 1802, 1806, 1819, 1823, 1827, 1834, 1844 and 1849) until the first properly international (or universal) exposition in France in 1855.[4]
- 1802 – Paris, France – Third Exposition (1802)[4]
- 1806 – Paris, France – Fourth Exposition (1806)[4]
1810s[edit]
1820s[edit]
- 1823 – Paris, France – Sixth Exposition (1823)[4]
- 1827 – Paris, France – Seventh Exposition (1827)[4]
- 1829 –
New York City, United States – American Institute Fair - 1829 –
Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Prima Triennale Pubblica Esposizione dell’anno 1829. In Turin, a second 'triennale' followed in 1832 before other national agricultural, industrial, commercial, and applied arts expositions there in 1838, 1844, 1850 and 1858.[citation needed]
1830s[edit]
- 1832 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Seconda Triennale Pubblica Esposizione dell’anno 1832.[5]
- 1834 – Paris, France – French Industrial Exposition of 1834[4]
- 1838 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Pubblica esposizione dell'anno 1838.[6]
- 1839 – Paris, France – Ninth Exposition (1839)[citation needed]
1840s[edit]
- 1844 – Paris, France – French Industrial (Tenth) Exposition of 1844[4]
- 1844 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Quarta Esposizione d'Industria et di Belle Arti.[7]
- 1846 – Genoa, Piedmont-Sardinia – Esposizione dei Prodotti e delle Manufatture nazionali[citation needed]
- 1849 –
Birmingham, United Kingdom – Exhibition of Industrial Arts and Manufacturers[8] - 1849 – United Kingdom[clarification needed] – First Exhibition of British Manufacturers (1849)[citation needed]
- 1849 – Paris, France – Eleventh Exposition (1849)[4]
1850s[edit]
- 1850 –
Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Quinta Esposizione di Industria e di Belle Arti[9] - 1851 – London, United Kingdom – The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations -- The Crystal Palace (typically listed as the "first world's fair")[10]
- 1852 – Cork, United Kingdom – Irish Industrial Exhibition[11]
- 1853 –
Naples, Two Sicilies – Solenne Pubblica Esposizione di Arti e Manifatture[12] - 1853–1854 –
New York, United States – Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations[10] - 1853 – Dublin, United Kingdom – Great Industrial Exhibition (1853)[10]
- 1854 – Genoa, Piedmont-Sardinia – Esposizione Industriale[citation needed]
- 1854 –
Munich, Bavaria – Allgemeine deutsche Industrie-Ausstellung[13] - 1854 –
Melbourne, Victoria – Melbourne Exhibition (in conjunction with Exposition Universelle (1855))[13] - 1855 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1855)[10][13]
- 1857 – Manchester, United Kingdom – Art Treasures Exhibition at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Stretford[11]
- 1858 -- Dijon, France - Dijon Exposition[citation needed]
- 1858 – Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia – Sesta Esposizione Nazionale di Prodotti d'Industria[11][14]
1860s[edit]
- 1861 – Metz, France – Exposition Universelle (1861)[15]
- 1861 --
Amsterdam, Netherlands - Fisheries Exposition - 1862 – London, United Kingdom – 1862 International Exhibition[10][13]
- 1863 --
Constantinople (Istanbul), Ottoman Empire (Turkey) - Ottoman General Exposition[citation needed] - 1864 -- Bayonne, France - Franco-Spanish Exposition[citation needed]
- 1865 --
Cologne, Germany - International Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed] - 1865 -
Bergen, Norway - International Fisheries Exhibition[citation needed] - 1865 -- Batavia (Jakarta), Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) - Industrial and Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1865 –
Dunedin, New Zealand – New Zealand Exhibition[16] - 1865 – Dublin, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures[10][17]
- 1865 –
Freetown, Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate – Sierra Leone Exhibition[citation needed] - 1865 –
Porto, Portugal – Exposição Internacional do Porto[18] - 1866 -- Boulogne-sur-Mer, France - International Fisheries Exposition[citation needed]
- 1866 -- Arcachon, France - International Exposition of Fish and Water Products[citation needed]
- 1866 -
Stockholm, Sweden - Scandinavian Industrial Exhibition[citation needed] - 1867 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1867)[10][13]
- 1867 -- Den Haag, Netherlands - Fisheries Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1868 -- Le Havre, France - International Maritime Exposition[citation needed]
- 1869 -- Amsterdam, Netherlands - International Exhibition of Domestic Economy[citation needed]
1870s[edit]
- 1870 –
Sydney, New South Wales – Intercolonial Exhibition (1870)[19] - 1871 – London, United Kingdom – First Annual International Exhibition (1871)[10]
- 1871 –
Córdoba, Argentina – Exposición Nacional[citation needed] - 1871 --
Naples, Italy - International Maritime Exposition[citation needed] - 1872 -
Copenhagen, Denmark - Second Scandinavian Exhibition of Arts and Industry[citation needed] - 1872 – London, United Kingdom – Second Annual International Exhibition (1872)[10]
- 1872 –
Lima, Peru – Lima International Exhibition[20] - 1872 – Lyon, France – Exposition Universelle et Internationale (1872)[citation needed]
- 1872 –
Kyoto, Japan – Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (1872)[19] - 1873 – London, United Kingdom – Third Annual International Exhibition (1873)[10]
- 1873 –
Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Weltausstellung 1873 Wien[10][13] - 1873 – Sydney, New South Wales – Metropolitan Intercolonial Exhibition (1873)
- 1874 – London, United Kingdom – Fourth Annual International Exhibition (1874)[10]
- 1874 – Dublin, United Kingdom[21] – International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures (1874)
- 1874 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione internazionale (1874) (never held)[22]
- 1874 –
Jamestown, St. Helena – St. Helena Industrial Exhibition[citation needed] - 1875 – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorian Intercolonial Exhibition[19]
- 1875 –
Nizhni Novgorod, Russia – Nizhni Novgorod Fair (1875)[19] - 1875 – Sydney, New South Wales – Intercolonial Exhibition (1875)
- 1875 –
Santiago, Chile – Chilean International Exhibition[19] - 1876 --
Brussels, Belgium - International Exposition of Hygiene and Life-saving Apparatus[citation needed] - 1876 -
Helsinki, Finland - Finnish General Exhibition[citation needed] - 1876 –
Philadelphia, United States – Centennial Exposition[10][13] - 1876 –
Brisbane, Queensland – Intercolonial Exhibition (1876)[citation needed] - 1877 –
Cape Town, Cape Colony – South African International Exhibition[23] - 1877 – Tokyo, Japan – First National Industrial Exhibition (1877) (Ueno Park)[citation needed]
- 1878 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1878)[10][13]
- 1878 – Ballarat, Victoria – Australian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1878)[19]
- 1879 – Sydney, New South Wales – Sydney International Exhibition[10][13]
- 1879 – Melbourne, Victoria – Intercolonial Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1879)[24]
- 1879 -- Kilburn[which?], United Kingdom - International Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed]
1880s[edit]
- 1880 -- Berlin, Germany - International Fisheries Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1880–1881 – Melbourne, Victoria – Melbourne International Exhibition (1880)[10]
- 1881 --
Adelaide, South Australia, Australia - Adelaide Exhibition[citation needed] - 1881-1882 --
Perth, Western Australia, Australia - Perth International Exhibition[citation needed] - 1881 –
Milwaukee, Wisconsin – Milwaukee Industrial Exposition[citation needed] - 1881 – Paris, France – International Exposition of Electricity, Paris[19]
- 1881 – Atlanta, United States – International Cotton Exposition[10]
- 1881 – Budapest, Austria-Hungary – Országos Nőipari Kiállitás[citation needed]
- 1881 -- London, United Kingdom - International Medical and Sanitary Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1882 -- Lille, France - International Exposition of Industrial Art[citation needed]
- 1882 -- Munich, Germany - International Electrical Exposition[citation needed]
- 1882 -- Christchurch, New Zealand - New Zealand International Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1882 -- London, United Kingdom - Crystal Palace Electric Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1882 -- Edinburgh, United Kingdom - International Fisheries Exhibition[25]
- 1882 – Bordeaux, France – Exposition internationale des vins[19]
- 1882 – Buenos Aires, Argentina – South American Continental Exhibition (Exposición Continental Sud-Americana)[26]
- 1883 -- London, United Kingdom - International Electric Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883-1884 – Boston, United States – The American Exhibition of the Products, Arts and Manufactures of Foreign Nations[27]
- 1883 --
Vienna, Austria - International Electrical Exposition[citation needed] - 1883 -- Cork, United Kingdom - Cork Industrial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – International Colonial and Export Exhibition[10]
- 1883 –
Calcutta, India – Calcutta International Exhibition[10] - 1883 -- Marseilles, France - International Maritime Exposition[citation needed]
- 1883 --
Madrid, Spain - Exposition of Mining and Metallurgy[citation needed] - 1883 – South Kensington, United Kingdom – International Fisheries Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Parramatta, New South Wales – Intercolonial Juvenile Industrial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1883 – Louisville, United States – Southern Exposition[10]
- 1883 – New York City, United States – World's Fair (1883) (never held)[22]
- 1884 -- Nice, France - International Exposition of Nice[citation needed]
- 1884 -- Amsterdam, Netherlands - International Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1884 -- London, United Kingdom - London International Universal Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1884 -- South Kensington, United Kingdom - International Health and Education Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1884 –
Durban, South Africa – Natal Agricultural, Horticultural, Industrial and Art Exhibition[citation needed] - 1884 – New Orleans, United States – World Cotton Centennial[10]
- 1884 – Melbourne, Victoria[19] – Victorian International Exhibition 1884 of Wine, Fruit, Grain & other products of the soil of Australasia with machinery, plant and tools employed
- 1884 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – First International Forestry Exhibition[19]
- 1884 – Turin, Italy – Esposizione Generale Italiana[19]
- 1885 – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorians' Jubilee Exhibition (1885) (Jubilee of Victoria Exhibition)[citation needed]
- 1885 – Port Elizabeth, Cape Colony (now South Africa) – South African Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1885 – Antwerp, Belgium – Exposition Universelle d'Anvers (1885)[10]
- 1885 -- Nurnberg, Germany - International Exposition of Metals and Metallurgy[citation needed]
- 1885 --
Budapest, Hungary - Hungarian National Exhibition[citation needed] - 1885 – Wellington, New Zealand – New Zealand Industrial Exhibition[28]
- 1885 -- Zaragoza, Spain - Aragonese Exposition[citation needed]
- 1885 – London, United Kingdom – International Inventions Exhibition[29]
- 1886 – London, United Kingdom – Colonial and Indian Exhibition (1886)[10]
- 1886 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Industry, Science and Art[10]
- 1886 – Liverpool, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Navigation, Commerce and Industry (1886)[28][30]
- 1887–1888 – Adelaide, South Australia – Adelaide Jubilee International Exhibition (1887)[10]
- 1887 -- Le Havre, France - International Maritime Exposition[citation needed]
- 1887 – Atlanta, Piedmont Exposition[citation needed]
- 1887 – Geelong, Victoria – Geelong Jubilee Juvenile and Industrial Exhibition (1887)[citation needed]
- 1887 -- Manchester, United Kingdom - Royal Jubilee Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1887 – London, United Kingdom – American Exhibition[28]
- 1887 -- Newcastle, United Kingdom - Royal Mining, Engineering and Industrial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1887 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione mondiale (1887)[citation needed]
- 1888-1889 -- Melbourne, Australia - Centennial International Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1888–1889 – Melbourne, Victoria – Victorian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition (1888)[10]
- 1888 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – International Exhibition (1888)[10]
- 1888 – Brussels, Belgium – Grand Concours International des Sciences et de l'Industrie (1888)[28]
- 1888 –
Barcelona, Spain – Exposición Universal de Barcelona (1888)[10] - 1888 – Lisbon, Portugal – Exposição Industrial Portugueza (1888)[citation needed]
- 1888 – Copenhagen, Denmark – The Nordic Exhibition of 1888 (Nordiske Industri-Landbrugs og Kunstudstilling)[28]
- 1889 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1889) – Eiffel Tower[citation needed]
- 1889 – Dunedin, New Zealand – New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition (1889)[10]
- 1889 – Buffalo, United States – International Industrial Fair (1889)[citation needed]
1890s[edit]
- 1890 – Vienna, Austria - Agricultural and Forestry Exposition[citation needed]
- 1890 –
Bremen, Germany – Nord-West-Deutsche Gewerbe und Industrie-Ausstellung[28] - 1890 – London, United Kingdom - International Exhibition of Mining and Metallurgy[citation needed]
- 1890 – Edinburgh, United Kingdom - International Exhibition of Science, Art & Industry[25]
- 1891 –
Moscow, Russia – Exposition française[citation needed] - 1891 – Frankfurt, Germany – International Electro-Technical Exhibition – 1891[citation needed]
- 1891 –
Kingston, Jamaica – International Exhibition (1891)[10] - 1891 – Prague, Austria-Hungary – General Land Centennial Exhibition (1891) at the Prague Exhibition Grounds [1]
- 1891–1892 –
Launceston, Tasmania – Tasmanian International Exhibition (1891)[28] - 1892 – Grenoble, France - International Alpine Exposition of Grenoble
- 1892 – Genoa, Italy – Esposizione Italo-Americana (1892)
- 1892 –
Washington, DC, United States – Exposition of the Three Americas (1892) (never held)[22] - 1892 -- London, United Kingdom - Crystal Palace Electrical Exhibition
- 1892–1893 – Madrid, Spain – Historical American Exposition[10]
- 1893 – Chicago, United States – World's Columbian Exposition[10] – Palace of Fine Arts and the World's Congress Auxiliary Building
- 1892 – Kimberley, Cape Colony – South Africa and International Exhibition[23]
- 1893 – New York City, United States – World's Fair Prize Winners' Exposition (1893)
- 1894 – San Francisco, United States – California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894[10]
- 1894 – Antwerp, Belgium – Exposition Internationale d'Anvers (1894)[10]
- 1894 – Lyons, France – Exposition internationale et coloniale[28]
- 1894 -- Manchester, United Kingdom - British and Colonial Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1894 – Oporto, Portugal – Exposição Insular e Colonial Portugueza (1894)[citation needed]
- 1895 – Hobart, Tasmania – Tasmanian International Exhibition (1895)[10]
- 1895 – Ballarat, Victoria – Australian Industrial Exhibition (1895)[citation needed]
- 1895 -- Bordeaux, France - Bordeaux Exposition[citation needed]
- 1895 – Atlanta, United States – Cotton States and International Exposition (1895) (Atlanta Exposition)[31]
- 1896 -- Rouen, France - National and Colonial Exposition[citation needed]
- 1896 -- Kiel, Germany - International Shipping and Fishery Exposition[citation needed]
- 1896 --
Budapest, Hungary - Hungarian Millenary Exhibition[citation needed] - 1896 --
Nijni Novgorod, Russia - Pan Russian Exhibition[citation needed] - 1896 - Malmö, Sweden - Nordic Industrial and Handicraft Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1896 – Berlin, Germany – Gewerbe-Ausstellung (1896)[28]
- 1896 –
Mexico City, Mexico – International Exposition (1896) (never held)[22] - 1896 --
Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom - Cardiff Fine Arts, Industrial, and Maritime Exhibition[32] - 1897 – Brussels, Belgium – Exposition Internationale de Bruxelles (1897)[31]
- 1897 -- Arcachon, France - Arcachon International Exposition[citation needed]
- 1897 –
Guatemala City, Guatemala – Exposición Centroamericana[31] - 1897 -- London, United Kingdom - Imperial Victorian Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1897 – Brisbane, Queensland – Queensland International Exhibition[33]
- 1897 –
Chicago, United States – Irish Fair (1897)[citation needed] - 1897 – Nashville, United States – Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition[31]
- 1897 – Stockholm, Sweden – General Art and Industrial Exposition of Stockholm[31]
- 1897 --
Kiev, Ukraine - Agricultural Exhibition[citation needed] - 1898 – Jerusalem, Ottoman Empire – Universal Scientific and Philanthropic Exposition (1898)[citation needed]
- 1898 -- Auckland, New Zealand - Auckland Industrial and Mining Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1898 – Dunedin, New Zealand – Otago Jubilee Industrial Exhibition (1898)[citation needed]
- 1898 – Omaha, United States – Trans-Mississippi Exposition[31]
- 1898 –
Bergen, Norway – International Fisheries Exposition (1898)[citation needed] - 1898 – Munich, Germany – Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen-Ausstellung (1898)
- 1898 – San Francisco, United States – California's Golden Jubilee (1898)[34]
- 1898 – Turin, Italy – Esposizione Generale Italiana[33]
- 1898 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Jubiläums-Ausstellung[33]
- 1898 – Grahamstown, South Africa – Industrial and Arts Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1899 – Coolgardie, Western Australia – Western Australian International Mining and Industrial Exhibition[33]
- 1899 -- Como, Italy - Como Electrical Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1899 – Omaha, Nebraska, United States – Greater America Exposition
- 1899 – Philadelphia, United States – National Export Exposition[33]
- 1899 – London, United Kingdom – Greater Britain Exhibition[35]
1900s[edit]
- 1900 – Paris, France – Exposition Universelle (1900)[31] – Le Grand Palais
- 1900 – Adelaide, South Australia – Century Exhibition of Arts and Industries (1900)[citation needed]
- 1901 – Buffalo, United States – Pan-American Exposition[31]
- 1901 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – Glasgow International Exhibition (1901)[31]
- 1901 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Bosnische Weihnachts-Ausstellung (1901)
- 1901 – Charleston, United States – South Carolina Inter-State and West Indian Exposition[31]
- 1902 -- Vienna, Austria - International Fishery Exposition
- 1902 – Turin, Italy – Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Decorativa Moderna[31]
- 1902 –
Hanoi, French Indochina – Hanoi exhibition (Indo China Exposition Française et Internationale)[31] - 1902 -- Lille, France - International Exposition of Lille
- 1902 – Cork, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland – Cork International Exhibition[36]
- 1902 -- Wolverhampton, United Kingdom - Wolverhampton Art and Industrial Exhibition
- 1902 -- St. Petersburg, Russia - International Fisheries Exhibition
- 1902 – New York City, United States – United States, Colonial and International Exposition (1902) (never held)[22]
- 1902 – Toledo, Ohio, United States – Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition (1902) – (never held)[22]
- 1903 – Osaka, Japan – National Industrial Exposition (1903)[33]
- 1904 – St. Louis, United States – Louisiana Purchase Exposition[31] (also called Louisiana Purchase International Exposition and Olympic Games ): 1904 Summer Olympics
- 1904 – Cape Town, South Africa – Cape Town Industrial Exhibition
- 1905 – Portland, United States – Lewis & Clark Centennial Exposition[31]
- 1905 – Liège, Belgium – Exposition universelle et internationale de Liège(1905)[31]
- 1905 – London, United Kingdom – Naval, Shipping and Fisheries Exhibition[33]
- 1905 – New York City, United States – Irish Industrial Exposition (1905)[37]
- 1906 -- Vienna, Austria - Hygiene Exhibition
- 1906 – Milan, Italy – Esposizione Internazionale del Sempione[31]
- 1906 – London, United Kingdom – Imperial Austrian Exhibition[33]
- 1906 – Marseille, France – Exposition coloniale (1906)[38]
- 1906 --
Bucharest, Romania - Romanian General Exposition - 1906 -- Tourcoing, France - International Exposition of Textile Industries
- 1906–1907 – Christchurch, New Zealand – International Exhibition (1906)[31]
- 1907 -- Bordeaux, France - International Maritime Exposition
- 1907 --
Tokyo, Japan - Tokyo Industrial Exhibition - 1907 -- Bergen, Norway - Nordic Marine Motor Exhibition
- 1907 – Dublin, United Kingdom – Irish International Exhibition[31]
- 1907 – Hampton Roads, United States – Jamestown Exposition
- 1907 – Chicago, United States – World's Pure Food Exposition (1907)[citation needed]
- 1907 – Mannheim, Germany – Internationale Kunst-Ausstellung (1907)[citation needed]
- 1908 -- Marseille, France - Exposition of Electricity
- 1908 -- Trondehim, Norway - Scandinavian Fisheries Exhibition
- 1908 – Zaragoza, Spain – Hispano-French Exposition of 1908[33]
- 1908 – London, United Kingdom – Franco-British Exhibition (1908)[31]
- 1908 –
New York City, United States – International Mining Exposition (1908) - 1908 –
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – Exhibition of the centenary of the opening of the Ports of Brazil - 1908 – Marseille, France – Exposition International de l'Electricite[39][40]
- 1909 – London, United Kingdom – Imperial International Exhibition[41]
- 1909 – Nancy, France – Exposition Internationale de l'Est de la France[citation needed]
- 1909 – Seattle, United States – Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition[31]
- 1909 – New York City, United States – Hudson-Fulton Celebration[42]
- 1909 – San Francisco, United States – Portolá Festival (1909)[citation needed]
- 1909 –
Quito, Ecuador – National Ecuadorian Exposition[33]
1910s[edit]
- 1910 -- Vienna, Austria - International Hunting Exposition
- 1910 –
Bogotá, Colombia – Exposición del Centenario de la independencia (1910)[citation needed] - 1910 –
Nanking, China – Nanyang Industrial Exposition[31] - 1910 – Brussels, Belgium – Brussels International 1910[31]
- 1910 – Buenos Aires, Argentina – Exposición Internacional del Centenario[citation needed]
- 1910 – London, United Kingdom – Japan–British Exhibition[33]
- 1910 – San Francisco, United States – Admission Day Festival (1910) September 8, 9, 10[43][44][45][46][47]
- 1910 – Vienna, Austria-Hungary – Internationale Jagd-Ausstellung (1910)[33]
- 1911 -- Charleroi, Belgium - Charleroi Exposition
- 1911 –
Havana, Cuba – Cuban National Exposition[citation needed] - 1911 -- Roubaix, France - International Exposition of Northern France
- 1911 – Dresden, Germany – International Hygiene Exhibition[33]
- 1911 – London, United Kingdom – Coronation Exhibition (1911)[33]
- 1911 – London, United Kingdom – Festival of Empire[citation needed]
- 1911 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione internazionale d'arte (1911)[33]
- 1911 – Turin, Italy – Turin International[33]
- 1911 -- Omsk, Russia - Western Siberian Exhibition
- 1911 – Glasgow, United Kingdom – Scottish Exhibition of National History, Art and Industry[33]
- 1911 – New York City, United States – International Mercantile Exposition (1911)[citation needed]
- 1912 –
Manila, Philippines – Philippine Exposition (1912)[citation needed] - 1912 – London, United Kingdom – Latin-British Exhibition[48]
- 1912,1917 – Tokyo, Japan – Grand Exhibition of Japan (planned for 1912, postponed to 1917 and then never held)[49]
- 1913 -- Leipzig, Germany - International Building Trades Exposition
- 1913 – Auckland, New Zealand – Auckland Exhibition[48]
- 1913 – Ghent, Belgium – Exposition universelle et internationale (1913)[31]
- 1913 – Amsterdam, Netherlands – Tentoonstelling De Vrouw 1813–1913[citation needed]
- 1913 -- Kiev, Ukraine - All Russian Exhibition
- 1913 –
Knoxville, United States – National Conservation Exposition[citation needed] - 1914 – London – Anglo-American Exhibition[48]
- 1914 – Malmö, Sweden – Baltic Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1914 – Boulogne-sur-Mer, France – International Exposition of Sea Fishery Industries (1914)[citation needed]
- 1914 – Lyon, France – Exposition internationale urbaine de Lyon[citation needed]
- 1914 -- Tokyo, Japan - Tokyo Taisho Exposition
- 1914 – Cologne, Germany – Werkbund Exhibition (1914)[citation needed]
- 1914 – Bristol, United Kingdom – International Exhibition (1914)[50]
- 1914 – Nottingham, United Kingdom – Universal Exhibition (1914) (work begun on site 1913 but never held)[51][52]
- 1914 – Semarang, Dutch East Indies – Colonial Exhibition of Semarang (Colonial Exposition)[citation needed]
- 1914 – Kristiania, Norway – 1914 Jubilee Exhibition (Norges Jubilæumsutstilling)[citation needed]
- 1914 – Baltimore, United States – National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Celebration[53]
- 1914 – Genoa, Italy – International exhibition of marine and maritime hygiene[citation needed]
- 1915 –
Casablanca, Morocco – Casablanca Fair of 1915[citation needed] - 1915 – San Francisco, United States – Panama–Pacific International Exposition[31] Palace of Fine Arts
- 1915 –
Panama City, Panama – Exposición Nacional de Panama (1915)[48] - 1915 – Richmond, United States – Negro Historical and Industrial Exposition (1915)[citation needed]
- 1915 – Chicago, United States – Lincoln Jubilee and Exposition (1915)[citation needed]
- 1915–1916 – San Diego, United States – Panama–California Exposition[31]
- 1918 – New York City, United States – Bronx International Exposition of Science, Arts and Industries[48]
- 1918 – Los Angeles, United States – California Liberty Fair (1918)[citation needed]
1920s[edit]
- 1920 –
Shanghai, Republic of China – American-Chinese Exposition[22] - 1921 --
Riga, Latvia - International Exhibition of Agriculture and Industry - 1921 – London, United Kingdom – International Exhibition of Rubber and Other Tropical Products (1921)
- 1922 – Marseille, France – Exposition nationale coloniale (1922)[48]
- 1922 – Tokyo, Japan – Peace Exhibition (1922)[citation needed]
- 1922–1923 – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – Exposição do Centenario do Brasil (1922)[31]
- 1923 – Los Angeles, United States – American Historical Review and Motion Picture Exposition (1923)
- 1923 – Calcutta, India – Calcutta Exhibition (1923) preparatory to British Empire Exhibition
- 1923 --
Moscow, Soviet Union - All-Russian Agricultural and Domestic Industries Exhibition - 1923 – Gothenburg, Sweden – Gothenburg Exhibition (1923) (Jubileumsutställningens i Göteborg) (Liseberg)[48]
- 1923-1924 - Hokitika, New Zealand - British and Intercolonial Exhibition
- 1924 – Wembley, London, United Kingdom – British Empire Exhibition
- 1924 – New York City, United States – French Exposition (1924)[citation needed]
- 1925 – Lyon, France – Foire (1925)[citation needed]
- 1925 – San Francisco, United States – California's Diamond Jubilee (1925)
- 1925 – Paris, France – Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes[31]
- 1925–1926 – Dunedin, New Zealand – New Zealand and South Seas International Exhibition[31]
- 1926 – Philadelphia, United States – Sesquicentennial Exposition[31]
- 1926 –
Berlin, Germany – Internationale Polizeiausstellung (1926) - 1927 – Lyon, France – Foire internationale (1925)
- 1927 – Stuttgart, Germany – Werkbund Exhibition
- 1928 – Cologne, Germany – International Press Exhibition
- 1928 – Long Beach, United States – Pacific Southwest Exposition (1928)[31]
- 1929 – Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom – North East Coast Exhibition
- 1929 –
Hangzhou, Republic of China – Westlake Exposition - 1929-1930 -- Seville, Spain - Ibero-American Exposition
- 1929–1930 – Barcelona, Spain,[31] – 1929 Barcelona International Exposition
1930s[edit]
- 1930 – Antwerp, Belgium[31] – Exposition internationale coloniale, maritime et d'art flamand
- 1930 – Liège, Belgium[54] – Exposition internationale de la grande industrie, sciences et applications, art wallon ancien
- 1930 – Oran, Algeria – Oran Exposition
- 1930 -- Dresden, Germany - International Hygiene Exposition
- 1930 – Stockholm, Sweden – Stockholm International Exhibition (1930) (Utställningen av konstindustri, konsthandverk och hemslöjd)[55]
- 1930 – Trondheim, Norway – Trøndelag Exhibition[citation needed]
- 1931 – Paris, France[54] – Paris Colonial Exposition[55]
- 1931 -- Berlin, Germany - International Building Exposition
- 1932 – Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine – Levant Fair[56]
- 1933 -- Tokyo, Japan - Women's and Children International Exhibition
- 1933–1934 – Chicago, United States[54] – Century of Progress International Exposition[55]
- 1934 –
Porto, Portugal – Portuguese colonial exhibition[48][55] - 1934 – Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine – Levant Fair[55]
- 1935 – Moscow, USSR – All-Union Agricultural Exhibition (VSKhV)[citation needed]
- 1935 – Brussels, Belgium[54][55] – Exposition universelle et internationale (1935)
- 1935 – Porto Alegre, Brazil - Farroupilha Revolution centennial fair[55]
- 1935 – Taipai. Taiwan under Japanese rule - The Taiwan Exposition: In Commemoration of the First Forty Years of Colonial Rule[57]
- 1935–1936 – San Diego, United States[54] – California Pacific International Exposition[55]
- 1936 – Stockholm[58] ILIS 1936
- 1936 – Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine – Levant Fair[citation needed]
- 1936 – Cleveland, United States – Great Lakes Exposition[48]
- 1936 – Dallas, United States – Texas Centennial Exposition[48]
- 1936–1937 –
Johannesburg, Union of South Africa[54] – Empire Exhibition, South Africa[59][55] - 1937 – Cleveland, United States – Great Lakes Exposition[citation needed]
- 1937 – Dallas, United States – Greater Texas & Pan-American Exposition[48][55]
- 1937 --
Berlin, Germany - International Hunting Exposition - 1937 – Düsseldorf, Germany – Reichsausstellung Schaffendes Volk[48]
- 1937 – Miami, United States[55] – Pan American Fair (1937)
- 1937 – Paris, France[54][55] – Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (1937)
- 1937 – Nagoya, Japan – Nagoya Pan-Pacific Peace Exposition[55]
- 1938 -- Berlin, Germany - International Handiworks Exposition
- 1938 – Glasgow, United Kingdom[54] – Empire Exhibition, Scotland 1938
- 1938 – Helsinki, Finland[58] Second International Aeronautic Exhibition
- 1939 – Wellington, New Zealand[55] – New Zealand Centennial Exhibition
- 1939 – Liège, Belgium – Exposition internationale de l'eau (1939)[48][58]
- 1939 –
Zürich, Switzerland – Schweizerische Landesausstellung - 1939 -- Moscow, Soviet Union - All-Union Agricultural Exhibition
- 1939–1940 – New York City, United States[54] – 1939 New York World's Fair (exhibits included The World of Tomorrow, Futurama, Trylon and Perisphere)
- 1939–1940 – San Francisco, United States[54] – Golden Gate International Exposition
1940s[edit]
- 1940 – Lisbon, Portugal[54] – Portuguese World Exhibition
- 1940 – Los Angeles, United States – Pacific Mercado (1940) (never held)[22][60]
- 1940 – Naples, Italy – Mostra Triennale delle Terre Italiane d’Oltremare (Triennial Exhibition of Overseas Italian Territories)
- 1940 – Tokyo, Japan – Grand International Exposition of Japan (1940) (never held)[22][60]
- 1942 – Los Angeles, United States – Cabrillo Fair (1942) (never held)[22]
- 1942 – Rome, Italy – Esposizione universale (1942) (E42) (never held)[22][60]
- 1947 – Paris, France[58] – International Exhibition on Urbanism and Housing
- 1948 – Brussels, Belgium – Foire coloniale (1948)
- 1949 – Stockholm, Sweden – Universal Sport Exhibition[58]
- 1949 – Lyon, France[58] – International Exhibition on Urbanism and Housing
- 1949–1950 –
Port-au-Prince, Haiti[54] – Exposition internationale du bicentenaire de Port-au-Prince
1950s[edit]
- 1951 – Lille, France[58] – The International Textile Exhibition[61]
- 1951 – London, United Kingdom[54] – Festival of Britain – Skylon
- 1952 --
Colombo, Sri Lanka - Colombo Exhibition[citation needed] - 1953 – St Louis, United States – intended to commemorate the Louisiana Purchase's sesquicentennial, but never held[60]
- 1953 –
Jerusalem, Israel – International Exhibition and Fair Jerusalem Israel Conquest of the desert[58] - 1953 – Rome, Italy – Agricultural Exposition of Rome EA 53 Rome[58][62]
- 1954 – Naples, Italy- Oltremare Exhibition – Campi Flegrei[58][62]
- 1954-1955 -
São Paulo, Brazil - Fourth Centenary Exhibition[citation needed] - 1955 – Turin, Italy- International Expo of Sport Turin 1955[58][62]
- 1955 – Helsingborg, Sweden[58] Helsingborg Exhibition 1955[63]
- 1955 –
Ciudad Trujillo (Santo Domingo), Dominican Republic – Feria de la Paz y Confraternidad del Mundo Libre[48] - 1956 – Beit Dagan, Israel- Exhibition of citriculture[58]
- 1957 – Berlin, Germany[clarification needed][58] International Building Exposition
- 1958 – Brussels, Belgium[54] – Expo '58 (Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Bruxelles) – Atomium
- 1959 –
New Delhi, India - World Agricultural Fair[citation needed] - 1959 – Moscow, USSR – VDNKh[citation needed]
1960s[edit]
- 1960 – cancelled (planned site:
Caracas, Venezuela) - 1961 – Turin, Italy – Exposition International du Travail[58][64] Expo 61
- 1962 –
Seattle, United States[54] – Century 21 Exposition – Space Needle - 1964–1965 – New York City, United States[54] – 1964/1965 New York World's Fair (note- not sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions) – Unisphere
- 1965 - Munich, West Germany - International Exhibition of Transport and Communication[citation needed]
- 1967 –
Montreal, Quebec, Canada[54] – Expo 67, (Universal and International Exhibition of 1967) - 1968 – San Antonio, United States[54][58] – HemisFair '68 – Tower of the Americas
1970s[edit]
- 1970 – Osaka, Japan[54] – Expo '70 (Japan World Exposition)
- 1971 -- Budapest, Hungary - World Hunting Exposition[citation needed]
- 1974 – Spokane, United States[54][58] – Expo '74 (International Exposition on the Environment) – Riverfront Park
- 1975 – Okinawa, Japan[54][58] – Expo '75 (International Ocean Exposition)
1980s[edit]
- 1981 –
Plovdiv – Expo 81[citation needed] - 1982 – Knoxville, United States[58] – 1982 World's Fair (International Energy Exposition) – Sunsphere
- 1984 – New Orleans, United States[54][58] – 1984 Louisiana World Exposition [a.k.a., 1984 World's Fair] (Theme: "Fresh Water As A Source of Life")
- 1985 – Plovdiv – Expo 85[citation needed]
- 1985 – Tsukuba, Japan[54][58] – Expo '85
- 1986 – Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada[54][58] – Expo '86 (1986 World Exposition)
- 1988 –
Brisbane, Australia[54][58] – Expo '88 (World Expo '88) – Skyneedle
1990s[edit]
- 1991 – Plovdiv, Bulgaria – Second World Exhibition of inventions of the young[58][65]
- 1992 – three expositions (1 was cancelled) celebrating 500 years since Christopher Columbus reached the Americas
- 1993 –
Daejeon (Taejon), South Korea[54] – Expo '93 - 1995 – Vienna, Austria which was proposed to be a joint exhibition with Budapest. This was never held[66]
- 1996 – cancelled (planned site: Budapest, Hungary)[66]
- 1998 – Lisbon, Portugal[54] – Expo '98
- 1999 –
Kunming, People's Republic of China – World Horticultural Exposition[48]
2000s[edit]
- 2000 – Hanover, Germany[67] – Expo 2000
- 2000 – Greenwich, London, United Kingdom – Millennium Dome[48]
- 2002 – cancelled (planned site: Metro Manila, Philippines)[68][69]
- 2002 – cancelled (planned site: Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia)[69]
- 2002 – Biel, Murten, Neuchâtel and Yverdon-les-Bains in Switzerland – Expo.02
- 2004 – cancelled (planned site: Seine-Saint-Denis, France)[70]
- 2004 – Barcelona, Spain – Universal Forum of World Cultures[48]
- 2005 – Aichi, Japan – Expo 2005[71]
- 2008 – Zaragoza, Spain – Expo 2008[72]
2010s[edit]
- 2010 – Shanghai,[67] China – Expo 2010
- 2012 – Yeosu,[73] South Korea – Expo 2012
- 2015 – Milan, Italy – Expo 2015
- 2017 –
Astana, Kazakhstan – Expo 2017 - 2019 – Beijing, China – Expo 2019
2020s[edit]
- 2020[74] –
Dubai, United Arab Emirates — Expo 2020[75] - 2023 –
Buenos Aires, Argentina — Expo 2023[76] - 2025: Osaka[77] — Expo 2025
Future bids and candidate cities[edit]
- 2027 Lake Stevens, Wa[citation needed]
- 2036 Udaipur[citation needed]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
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- ^ "Arthur Chandler, The First Industrial Exposition: L'Exposition publique des produits de l'industrie française, Paris, 1798". Archived from the original on May 15, 2008. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
- ^ F. C. Danvers, 'International Exhibitions,' Quarterly Journal of Science 4:4 (October 1867) 488–499.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i 'Sketch of the French Expositions,' Hogg's Instructor New Series 6 (1851) 372–373.
- ^ Raimondo Riccini, 'Tracce di design. La produzione di oggetti fra tecnica e arti applicate,' in Giorgio Bigatti and Sergio Onger (eds), Arti technologi pogeto: Le exposizioni d'industria in Italia prima dell'Unità (Milan: FrancoAngeli, 2007) 257-276, 266.
- ^ Giudicio della Regia Camera di Agricoltura e di commercio di Torino sui prodotti dell'Industria de'R. Stati ammessi alla Pubblica esposizione dell'anno 1838 nelle sale del Real Castello del Valentino (Turin: Chirio e Mina, 1838).
- ^ Quarta esposizione di Industria e Belle arti al Real Valentino. da Remi amera di Agricoltura e di commercio di Torino, e notizie sulla patria industria, compilate da Carlo Ign. Giulio, relatore centrale (Turin: Stamperia Reale, 1844).
- ^ "Osler & Faraday – Wilkinson-plc". Retrieved August 15, 2015.
- ^ Giudizio della Regia Camera di Agricoltura e di commercio di Torino sulla quinta Esposizione di industria e di belle arti al Castello del Valentino nel 1850 et notizie sulla patria industria (Turin: 1851).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix B:Fair Statistics". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 414. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ a b c Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 422. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Paci, Giacomo Maria (1854). Relazione della solenne pubblica esposizione di arti e manifatture del 1853 tratta dai fascicoli XCVIII e XCIX degli Annali Civili del Regno delle Due Sicilie. Stab. Tip. del Ministero dell'Interno.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Lowe, Charles. Four national exhibitions in London and their organiser. With portraits and illustrations (1892). London, T. F. Unwin. p. 28. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ Album descrittivo dei principali oggetti esposti nel Real Castello de Valentino in occasione della sesta Esposizione nazionale i prodotti d'industria nell'anno 1858 (Turin: presso Ufficio dei brevetti d'inveznione con Gabinetto di disegno industriale e litografico, 1858).
- ^ "Exposition Universelle at Metz". The Scotsman. Midlothian, Scotland: British Newspaper Archive. 19 February 1861. p. 2. (Subscription required (help)). Cite uses deprecated parameter
|subscription=(help) - ^ McCarthy, Conal (2008). "Dunedin 1865". In Pelle, Findling (ed.). Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Photographs Exhibited in Britain 1839–1865: details of 1865, Dublin, International Exhibition". Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ^ "O Portal da História – Cronologia do Liberalismo de 1853 a 1868" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 December 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 424. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ James Higgins (2005). LIMA A Cultural History. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-19-517890-6. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
- ^ "1865 – Dublin Exhibition – Architecture of Dublin City, Lost Buildings of Ireland – Archiseek – Irish Architecture". Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "World's Fair Never Held by Date". Retrieved 2014-02-05.
- ^ a b "From the Great Exhibition to the Festival of Britain, 1851–1951" (PDF). p. 8. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
- ^ Lowe, Charles. Four national exhibitions in London and their organiser. With portraits and illustrations (1892). London, T. F. Unwin. p. 29. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
- ^ a b "Edinburgh Events". Retrieved 27 March 2019.
- ^ "LA EXPOSICIÓN CONTINENTAL SUDAMERICANA (15-3-1882) El arcón de la historia Argentina" (in Spanish). Retrieved November 17, 2017.
- ^ "THE BOOK OF THE FAIR: Chapter the First: Fairs of the Past (Text)". Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 425. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Scaife W G S (1999). "The Inventions Exhibition in London 1885". From Galaxies to Turbines: Science, Technology and the Parsons Family. p. 596. doi:10.1201/9781420046922.ch1. ISBN 978-0-7503-0582-2.
- ^ "WebCite query result". Archived from the original on 26 October 2009. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix B:Fair Statistics". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 415. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Cardiff Remembered: When tigers, lions and crocodiles patrolled the city at 1896 exhibition - Wales Online". Retrieved 3 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix D:Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 426. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Not generally considered an official World's Fair as the celebration had no national pavilions or international representation. CGJ was essentially a California Exposition and not an international exposition or World's Fair.
- ^ "Earls Court". Exhibition Study Group. 2004.
- ^ "Cork International Exhibition – 1902". Exhibition Study Group. 2002.
- ^ "The Irish Exhibition in New York". The Sacred Heart Review. Boston College Libraries. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
- ^ "L'exposition coloniale". Retrieved 2018-01-15.
- ^ "Exposition International d'Electricite Marseille 1908 – Julia Santen Gallery". Retrieved January 1, 2015.
- ^ "Exposition International d'Electricite". Archived from the original on September 4, 2015. Retrieved January 1, 2015.
- ^ "Imperial International Exhibition 1909". Exhibition Study Group. 2004.
- ^ "The Hudson-Fulton Celebration, 100 Years Later". The Magazine Antiques. June 24, 2009.
- ^ "SAN FRANCISCO,CALIFORNIA,1910 CALIFORNIA ADMISSION DAY FESTIVAL,BEAR,SEP 8-9-10 – eBay". eBay.
- ^ "Admission D. 1910". www.postcard.org.
- ^ "United States Tobacco Journal". BMT Publications. 14 March 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ "California Admission Day, 1910".
- ^ Wallace, Adam. "LibGuides: World's Fair Collection: Alphabetical List of World's Fairs by City". guides.library.fresnostate.edu.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberley D., eds. (2008). "Appendix D: Fairs Not Included". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 427. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberley D., eds. (2008). "Appendix E: Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 429. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "International exhibition became known as a city". Bristol Post. 2013-07-09. Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ "Hawera Chamber of Commerce". Hawera & Normanby Star. 65. New Zealand. 9 December 1913. p. 2. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ Brand, Ken (2012-12-22). "Anniversaries". Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ O'Connell, Frank A. (1914). National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial. National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Commission. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Golan, Romy, THE WORLD FAIR A TRANSMEDIAL THEATER, p. 173
- ^ "Semiotics and the Levant Fairs of Palestine" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 15, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
- ^ "Taiwan's Most Prominent Exposition". Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x "International EXPOs". Archived from the original on 2014-03-26. Retrieved 2014-01-31.
- ^ "Lexicon – Empire Exhibition". Retrieved December 5, 2013.
- ^ a b c d Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix E:Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 430. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Lille 1951". Retrieved 28 August 2012.
- ^ a b c "The World Expo in Italy". Retrieved 3 February 2013.
- ^ "Document Details | Helsingborg 1955". Archived from the original on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
- ^ "Exposition International du Travail – Turin 1961" (in French). Retrieved 17 July 2012.[dead link]
- ^ "PLOVDIV 91". Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
- ^ a b c Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix E:Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 433. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ a b Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix B:Fair Statistics". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 417. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "RP WINS BID TO HOST WORLD EXPO 2002". Retrieved 14 March 2012.
- ^ a b Pelle, Findling, ed. (2008). "Appendix E:Fairs That Never Were". Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 434. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ "Forum & Conference – The long-lasting effects of ephemeral events: the role of the international exposition". Retrieved 24 May 2012.
- ^ Heller (2008). "Aichi 2005". In Pelle, Findling (ed.). Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 399. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
- ^ Bureau of International Expositions (2008). "Aichi 2005". In Pelle, Findling (ed.). Encyclopedia of World's Fairs and Expositions. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 405. ISBN 978-0-7864-3416-9.
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- ^ "Expo 2020 Dubai, First World Expo in the Middle East". Retrieved December 1, 2013.
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