Louis Gabriel Michaud

Louis Gabriel Michaud was a French author, biographer, and compiler of Biographie Universelle.

Louis-Gabriel Michaud (January 19, 1773, Castle Richemont - August 3, 1858) was a writer, printer and French bookseller.

He became Lieutenant on July 15, 1791 and joined the Zweibrücken Regiment. He participated in the battles of Valmy and Jemmapes. Having reached the rank of captain in the 102nd line regiment, he left the army for health reasons. In 1797, with his brother Joseph François Michaud and N. Giguet (died in 1810) founded an, at first clandestine, printing press, specializing in books about religion or the monarchy.

He was imprisoned, with his brother and N. Giguet, for several months in 1799 for having printed anti-Bonapartist literature.

He obtained his first commission from abbot Jacques Delille, then a refugee in London, who entrusted him with his books to be printed.

Universal Biography

In 1802 he published a biography of many notable individuals at the end of the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century. He described their ranks, their jobs, their talents, their writings, their troubles, their virtues, or their crimes in 4 volumes. Allegedly, it was copied in Breslau and Leipzig, which led to the failure of the project and his bankruptcy. It is probably this experience that led him eventually to consider the Ancient and Modern Universal Biography. His brother helped him at the onset, and many other authors contributed also.

He was nominated printer in January 1811 and bookseller in October 1812.

In 1823 he was appointed Director of the Royal Printing but the appointment was brief. Michaud played a significant role in the return of Louis XVIII and expected a sinecure, but he was only rewarded with the Legion of Honour. He grew bitter and became opposed to the king's liberal policies.

Michaud was author of historical books, in particular Historical Outline and Rationale of the First Wars of Bonaparte (1814).

He was the editor of several newspapers and wrote prefaces to royalist books that he printed. He remains best known as the editor, in 1811, of the Universal Biography, to which he contributed numerous articles. He also assisted with the new edition of the book in a much more extensive way than the original; however, it was not published until after his death.

Works

Apart from numerous prefaces to works that he printed, Louis-Gabriel Michaud also published :

• 1802 : Biographie moderne ou des hommes vivants
• 1811 : Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne : histoire par ordre alphabétique de la vie publique et privée de tous les hommes , first edition in 85 volumes with supplements.
• 1814 : Tableau historique et raisonné des premières guerres de Bonaparte
• 1843 : Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne : histoire par ordre alphabétique de la vie publique et privée de tous les hommes , second edition in 45 volumes.
• 1851: The Public and Private Life of Louis Phillip of Orleans, ex-king of France, translated by V. L. Chemery, London:Hamilton, Adams & Company.

References

• Christopher Smith (2013) Encyclopedia of Life Writing, Margaretta Jolly editor, page 109, link from Google Books
• Thomas Hockey and others (2007) Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, page xxxvi,