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M1 (Istanbul Metro)

Coordinates: 41°00′13″N 28°53′37″E / 41.0035°N 28.8937°E / 41.0035; 28.8937
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M1 Yenikapı–Atatürk Airport/Yenikapı–Kirazlı–Halkalı
Line M1 Line M1
Overview
StatusOperating
OwnerIstanbul Metropolitan Municipality
LocaleIstanbul, Turkey
Termini
Stations23[1]
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemIstanbul Metro
Services2
Route numberM1
Operator(s)Metro Istanbul A.Ş.
Depot(s)Esenler
Rolling stock105 ABB[1]
4 carriages per trainset
Daily ridership400,000[1]
History
OpenedSeptember 3, 1989; 35 years ago (1989-09-03)[1]
Technical
Line length26.8[2] km (16.7 mi)
Number of tracks2
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge
Electrification750 V DC Overhead line
Operating speed70 km/h (43 mph)
Route map

km
0.0
Yenikapı
Line M2 Line T6 Marmaray İDO
0.8
Aksaray
Line T1
1.9
Emniyet—Fatih
2.8
Topkapı—Ulubatlı
Line T4 Parking
4.3
Bayrampaşa—Maltepe
5.8
Sağmalcılar
7.3
Kocatepe
8.4
Otogar
Esenler Bus Terminal
9.2
Esenler
10.5
Menderes
11.2
Üçyüzlü
12.3
Bağcılar Meydan
Line T1
14
Kirazlı
Line M3 HızRay
Line M1
9.6
Terazidere
10.7
Davutpaşa—YTÜ
12.2
Merter
Metrobus (Istanbul)
13.2
Zeytinburnu
Line T1 Metrobus (Istanbul)
14.5
Bakırköy—İncirli
Line M2 Line M3 Metrobus (Istanbul)
15.5
Bahçelievler
Metrobus (Istanbul)
17.2
Ataköy—Şirinevler
Metrobus (Istanbul) Parking
18
Yenibosna
Line M9 Metrobus (Istanbul)
18.8
DTM—İstanbul Fuar Merkezi
20.0
Atatürk Havalimanı
Atatürk International Airport Parking
Line M1

Line M1, officially referred to as the M1 Yenikapı–Atatürk Airport/Kirazlı metro line (Turkish: M1 Yenikapı–Atatürk Havalimanı/Kirazlı metro hattı), also known as the Istanbul Light Metro (Turkish: Hafif Metro), is a rapid transit line of the Istanbul Metro. It is colored red on the maps and route signs. Opened in 1989, it was the first rapid transit line in Istanbul and Turkey and its opening started the revival of mass-transit in Turkish cities.

The M1 consists of two train services, M1A and M1B. Both services run on the same line from Yenikapı to Otogar, where the M1B branches off to Kirazlı, while the M1A continues on the original line to Istanbul Atatürk Airport. The M1 has 23 stations in service, of which 11 are underground and 3 elevated,[1] and the total length of the line is 26.8 kilometers (16.7 mi).[2] Even though the M1 is fully grade separated, it is considered a light metro line, due to the relatively low passenger capacity compared to other lines of the system.

In November 2014, the extension from Aksaray to Yenikapı was opened.[3]

History

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With Istanbul's population growing and the city rapidly expanding outward, the bus service available in the city became insufficient in the 1970s and 1980s. At that time, the city did not have a mass transit rail system, except for a single 0.57 km (0.35 mi) funicular line known as Tünel – the last operating original tramline was closed in 1969. Istanbul desperately needed a rapid transit rail system to help transport its large population.

The first segment of the M1 line began service on September 3, 1989, between Aksaray and Kocatepe.[1] On December 18, 1989, the line was extended to Esenler,[1] but at that time the Otogar (Intercity Bus Station) was omitted. The Otogar station, and the segment between Otogar and Zeytinburnu stations on the M1A branch line, was opened on January 31, 1994.[1] Following this, the M1A segment between Zeytinburnu and Bakırköy stations was opened on July 3 of the same year.[1] Further extensions of the M1A line, to Ataköy and then Yenibosna stations, were opened in July and August 1995,[1] at which point the length of the line reached approximately 16 km. In 1999, a new M1A line station located between Ataköy and Bakırköy stations, the Bahçelievler station, opened. Finally, the M1A branch line was completed on December 20, 2002, when the extension to the World Trade Center and Atatürk Airport in Yeşilköy opened.

A rebuilt Esenler station opened on February 22, 2012.[1] The extension of the M1B branch line from Esenler to Kirazlı opened on June 14, 2013.[1]

The extension of the M1 line from Aksaray to Yenikapı was inaugurated on November 9, 2014, allowing connections with the M2 line and Marmaray commuter rail service, as well as İDO seabus service.[2][3] Using the M2 and Marmaray, passenger may travel north of the Golden Horn to Taksim, Mecidiyeköy, Levent and Maslak as well as across the Bosphorus to Üsküdar and Kadıköy. İDO seabuses offer service to coastal districts of Istanbul as well as other cities and towns on the Sea of Marmara.

Operations and route

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Route diagram of the M1 line with M1A and M1B branches.

A total of 105 trainsets transport up to 400,000 passenger daily between the operation hours from 6:00 in the early morning to 0:00 in the midnight.[1] The M1 line has a maximum headway of 2 ½ minutes during peak hours.[1] All stations have covered seating. A total of 135 escalators and 65 elevators make access to the stations easy for passengers.[1]

M1A line

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The M1A line is 20 kilometers (12 mi) long in total,[4] and serves 18 stations. The trip between the termini stations, Yenikapı and Atatürk Airport, takes approximately 35 minutes.[2] Daily, 169 trains run in each direction between the termini stations, with a peak-hour headway of 6 minutes.[2]

On the M1A line, seven stations are built underground, nine are ground-level stations, and three are elevated. The stations are so structured that six of them have island platforms and eleven stations have side platforms. The connection station at Otogar in Esenler has two island platforms, which enable traffic on three tracks by the two different M1 branch lines.[2]

M1B line

[edit]

The M1B line is 14.0 kilometers (8.7 mi) long in total,[5] and serves 13 stations. The trip between the termini stations, Yenikapı and Kirazlı, takes approximately 25 minutes.[6] Daily, 168 trains run in each direction between the termini stations, with a peak-hour headway of 4 minutes.[6]

On the M1B line, eight stations are built underground and five are ground-level stations. The stations are so structured that eight of them have island platforms and four stations have side platforms. The connection station at Otogar in Esenler has two island platforms, which enable traffic on three tracks by the two different M1 branch lines.[6]

Stations

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Aksaray station
Atatürk Airport-bound Istanbul Metro line M1 train at Davutpaşa station.
Atatürk Havalimanı station, the terminus (serving Istanbul Atatürk Airport), has buffer stops at end of the platform

M1 trunk section (served by both the M1A and M1B lines)

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Station District Transfer Notes
Yenikapı Fatih Line M2MarmarayLine T6Ferries in Istanbul (Yenikapı Terminal)
İETT Bus: 30D, 31, 31Y, 50Y, 70FY, 70KY, 72YT, 76A, 77, 88A, 146T, 336Y
Yenikapı event space
Aksaray Line T1 Yusufpaşa
İETT Bus: 31Y, 32T, 33E, 33TE, 38, 38Z, 50Y, 76A, 78, 78H, 79GE, 79T, 88A, 89T, 91E, 97G, 97GE, 142E, 146B, 146T, 336, E-59
Emniyet-Fatih İETT Bus: 31Y, 32T, 33E, 33TE, 38, 38Z, 50Y, 76A, 78, 78H, 79GE, 79T, 88A, 89T, 91E, 97G, 97GE, 142E, 146B, 146T, 336, E-59
Topkapı-Ulubatlı Line T4 Vatan
İETT Bus: 31Y, 32T, 33E, 33TE, 38, 38Z, 50Y, 76A, 78, 78H, 79GE, 79T, 88A, 89T, 91E, 97G, 97GE, 142E, 146B, 146T, 336, E-59
Park and Ride facility
Bayrampaşa-Maltepe Eyüpsultan İETT Bus: 32, 32A, 32T, 33M, 36, 36CB, 36ES, 39O, 50R, 55Y, 88 Axis Mall
Sağmalcılar Bayrampaşa İETT Bus: 32, 32A, 32M, 32T Bayrampaşa State Hospital
Kocatepe İETT Bus: HT5, HT6 Forum İstanbul Mall
Otogar İETT Bus: 39O, 50R, 75O, 76O, 83O, 303B Bayrampaşa Grand İstanbul Bus Station

M1A branch

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Station District Transfer Notes
Terazidere Esenler
Davutpaşa–YTÜ Güngören İETT Bus: 33B, 41AT, 85C, 92B, 92C Yıldız Technical University
Merter Metrobus (Istanbul)
İETT Bus: 31, 31E, 50B, 71T, 72T, 73, 73F, 76D, 79Ş, 82, 85T, 89, 89B, 89K, 92, 92T, 94, 94A, 97, 97A, 97BT, 97T, H-9
Park and Ride facility
Zeytinburnu Bakırköy Line T1Metrobus (Istanbul)
İETT Bus: 31, 31E, 50B, 71T, 72T, 73, 73F, 76D, 78ZB, 79G, 79Ş, 82, 89A, 89B, 89K, 89M, 92, 93, 93C, 93M, 93T, 94, 94A, 97, 97A, 97B, 97BT, 97KZ, 97T, H-9, MK97, MR10
Bakırköy-İncirli Line M3
İETT Bus: 31, 31E, 50B, 71T, 72T, 73, 73F, 76D, 78ZB, 79G, 79Ş, 82, 89, 89A, 89B, 89K, 89M, 89S, 92, 94, 94A, 97, 97A, 97BT, 97E, 97KZ, 97T, H-9, HT13, MK97
Bahçelievler Bahçelievler Metrobus (Istanbul)
İETT Bus: 31, 31E, 36CY, 73, 73B, 73F, 73H, 73Y, 76, 76B, 76C, 76D, 76V, 76Y, 78ZB, 79B, 79G, 79Ş, 82, 89, 89A, 89B, 89K, 89M, 89S, 89YB, 97, 97BT, 97E, 97KZ, 98, 98A, 98AB, 98B, 98H, 98M, 98MB, 98S, 98T, 98TB, 146, E-57, H-9, HT13
Ataköy—Şirinevler Bakırköy Metrobus (Istanbul)
İETT Bus: 31, 31E, 36CY, 55Y, 73, 73B, 73F, 73H, 73Y, 76, 76B, 76C, 76D, 76V, 76Y, 78ZB, 79B, 79G, 79Ş, 82, 89, 89A, 89B, 89K, 89M, 89S, 89YB, 97, 97BT, 97E, 97KZ, 98, 98A, 98AB, 98B, 98H, 98M, 98MB, 98S, 98T, 98TB, 146, E-57, H-9, HT10, HT11, HT13, MR20
Park and Ride facility
Yenibosna Line M9
İETT Bus: 36AY, 36CY, 55Y, 73, 78B, 79F, 79FY, 79K, 79Y, 82S, HS1, HT10, HT12, HT20, KÇ2, MR20
DTM—İstanbul Fuar Merkezi World Trade Center and İstanbul Expo Center
Atatürk Havalimanı Atatürk Airport

M1B branch

[edit]
Station District Transfer Notes
Esenler Esenler İETT Bus: 33, 33M, 55Y, 75O, 76O, 85T, 303B
Menderes İETT Bus: 33, 33M, 55Y, 85T, 98G
Üçyüzlü Bağcılar İETT Bus: 33B, 36CY, 55Y, 85T, 92M, 98G, HT1
Bağcılar Meydan Line T1 Bağcılar Merkez
İETT Bus: 36CY, 92, 92B, 92K, 92Ş, 97G, 98D, 98Y, HT1
300m walk between lines
Kirazlı Line M3
İETT Bus: 92K, 98K, HT10, MK42
↓↓ Inauguration planned in December 2028 (construction paused, awaiting resumption) ↓↓
Barbaros Bağcılar İETT Bus: 78ZB, 97, 97E, 98A, 98M, HT13
Malazgirt İETT Bus: 97KZ, 98E, HT12
Mimar Sinan Line M9
İETT Bus: 97, 97GE, 97M, 97KZ, 98E, HT1, HT12, MK22
Fatih Küçükçekmece İETT Bus: 89K, 98AB, KÇ2, MR42
Halkalı Üniversite İETT Bus: 36AS, 760, 76V, 79Y, 89, 89BS, 89F, 89K, 89S, 98, 98AB, 98KM, 98S, HT20, KÇ2, MR42
Mehmet Akif Ersoy Küçükçekmece İETT Bus: 36AS, 76V, 79G, 79Ş, 89A, 89K, 89YB, 98AB, 141K, 141M, BN1, H-3, HT1, HT20, KÇ2, MK16, MK31, MR42
Yenidoğan İETT Bus: 36AS, 76V, 79G, 79Ş, 89A, 89K, 89YB, 98AB, 141K, 141M, BN1, H-3, HT1, HT20, KÇ2, MK16, MK31, MR42
Bezirganbahçe İETT Bus: 76V, BN1, H-3, MK16, MR42
Halkalı M11 (Istanbul Metro)MarmarayHigh Speed Train (YHT)
İETT Bus: 79Y, 89A, 143, BN1, H-3, MR40, MR42, MR50, MR51

As of November 2020, a 9.7 kilometers (6.0 mi) extension to a new terminus station at Halkalı is under construction. It will add nine stations to the M1B branch, west of Kirazlı offering an interchange with both the Marmaray and M11 lines.[7]

Rolling stock

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Since this line is the oldest modern rail line in İstanbul, it has relatively old vehicles, produced by ABB in 1988. The vehicles reach a maximum speed of 80 km/h with an acceleration of 0.7 m/s2.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "M1 Yenikapı – Atatürk Havalimanı / Kirazlı Metro Hattı" [M1 Yenikapı – Atatürk Airport / Kirazlı Metro Line] (in Turkish). İstanbul Ulaşim A.Ş. Archived from the original on October 6, 2015. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "M1A Yenikapı-Atatürk Havalimanı Metro Hattı" [M1A Yenikapı-Atatürk Havalimanı Metro Line] (in Turkish). Metro İstanbul A.Ş. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
  3. ^ a b "PM Davutoğlu inaugurates İstanbul's Aksaray-Yenikapı metro". Today's Zaman. Feza Publications. November 9, 2014. Archived from the original on May 26, 2015. Retrieved November 9, 2014.
  4. ^ "Yenikapı-Atatürk Havalimanı Metro Hattı".
  5. ^ "Yenikapı-Kirazlı Metro Hattı".
  6. ^ a b c "M1B Yenikapı-Kirazlı Metro Hattı" [M1B Yenikapı-Kirazlı Metro Line] (in Turkish). Metro İstanbul A.Ş. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
  7. ^ "M1B Kirazli-Halkali Metro Line Extension". Metro İstanbul A.Ş. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
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Media related to Istanbul Metro line M1 at Wikimedia Commons

41°00′13″N 28°53′37″E / 41.0035°N 28.8937°E / 41.0035; 28.8937