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Magnum Photos
Company typeCooperative
IndustryPhotography
Founded1947
FounderRobert Capa, David "Chim" Seymour, Henri Cartier-Bresson, George Rodger, William Vandivert, Rita Vandivert
HeadquartersNew York, Paris, London, Tokyo
Area served
Worldwide
ProductsPhotojournalism, stock photography
Websitemagnumphotos.com

Magnum Photos is an international photographic cooperative owned by its photographer-members, with offices located in New York, Paris, London and Tokyo. According to co-founder Henri Cartier-Bresson, "Magnum is a community of thought, a shared human quality, a curiosity about what is going on in the world, a respect for what is going on and a desire to transcribe it visually."[1]

Founding of agency

The photographers Robert Capa, David "Chim" Seymour, Henri Cartier-Bresson, George Rodger and William Vandivert were the founding members (Vice Presidents) of Magnum in 1947, having responded with various degrees of enthusiasm to an idea of Capa's. Seymour, Cartier-Bresson and Rodger were all absent from the meeting at which it was founded.[2] (In response to a letter telling him that he was now a member, Rodger wrote back from Cyprus to say that Magnum seemed a good idea but that "It all sounded too halcyon to be true" when Capa had told him of it and that "I rather dismissed the whole thing from my mind".[3]) Rita Vandivert was the first President.[4] (Magnum's own short history of itself deletes the Vandiverts from the record.[5]) Rodger would cover Africa and the Middle East, Cartier-Bresson would cover the area east of that, Seymour and Vandivert would cover Europe and the United States respectively, and Capa would be free to go anywhere.[4]

Magnum is one of the first photographic cooperatives, owned and administered entirely by members. The staff serve a support role for the photographers who retain all copyrights to their own work.

The Magnum cooperative has included photojournalists from across the world and has covered many historical events of the 20th century. The cooperative's archive includes photographs depicting family life, drugs, religion, war, poverty, famine, crime, government and celebrities. Magnum In Motion is the multimedia offshoot of Magnum Photos, based in New York City.

Election of new members

Magnum's photographers meet once a year, during the last weekend in June, in New York, Paris or London, to discuss Magnum's affairs. One day at this meeting is set aside for considering and voting on potential new members' portfolios. Successful applicants are invited to become a 'Nominee Member' of Magnum, a category of membership that presents an opportunity for Magnum and the individual to get to know each other, but where there are no binding commitments on either side.

After two years of Nominee membership, photographers then present another portfolio if they wish to apply for 'Associate Membership'. If successful, the photographer then becomes bound by all the rules of the agency, and enjoys all the facilities of its offices and worldwide representation. The only difference between an Associate Member and a full Member is that an Associate Member is not a Director of the Company and does not have voting rights in its corporate decision making. Finally, after another two years, an Associate member wishing to apply for full membership presents a further portfolio of work for consideration by the members. Once elected as a full member, this effectively confers membership of Magnum for life or for as long as the photographer chooses. No member photographer of Magnum has ever been asked to leave.

Photographic collection

In February 2010, Magnum announced that Michael Dell's venture capital firm MSD Capital, L.P. had acquired a collection of nearly 200,000 original press prints of images taken by Magnum photographers (including, among other photographs, Afghan Girl) and had formed partnership with the Harry Ransom Center at The University of Texas at Austin to preserve, catalog, and make available to the general public. The cost of the purchase was not disclosed; however, the collection was reportedly insured for more than $100 million.[6][7][8] A Preliminary Inventory is available for researchers who wish to use the collection.

Member list

Name Nationality Status Active years Note
Abbas  Iran Active (full Member) 1981–[9] Member from 1985[9]
Christopher Anderson  United States Active (Associate) 2005– Nominee from 2005; Associate Member from 2007[10]
Ansel Adams  United States Deceased Nonmember correspondent 1956[11]–
Eve Arnold  United States Active (full Member) 1951– Associate Member from 1951;[12] Member from 1957[13]
Olivia Arthur  United Kingdom Active (Nominee) 2008– Nominee from 2008[14]
Micha Bar-Am  Israel Active (Correspondent) 1968– Correspondent from 1968[15]
Bruno Barbey  Morocco Active (full Member) 1964–[16] Member from 1968.[16]
Jonas Bendiksen  Norway Active (full Member) 2004– Nominee from 2004; Member from 2008[17]
Ian Berry  United Kingdom Active 1967[11]–
Werner Bischof   Switzerland Deceased 1949–1954 Member from 1949[18]
Brian Brake  New Zealand Withdrawn 1957–1966[11] now deceased
René Burri   Switzerland Active (full Member) 1955[11]– Associate Member from 1955; Member from 1959[19]
Cornell Capa  Hungary Deceased 1954–2008 Member from 1954;[20] Brother of Robert
Robert Capa  Hungary Deceased 1947–1954 Founding member
Henri Cartier-Bresson  France Deceased 1947–2004 Founding member; Contributor from 1966[11]
Chien-Chi Chang  Taiwan Active (full Member) 1995–[21] Member from 2001[21]
Antoine D'Agata  France Active (full Member) 2004–[22] Nominee from 2004; Member from 2008.[22]
Bruce Davidson  United States Active (full Member) 1956–[23] Member from 1959[23]
Carl De Keyzer  Belgium Active (full Member) 1990–[24] Member from 1994[24]
Luc Delahaye  France Withdrawn 1994–2004
Raymond Depardon  France Active (full Member) 1978– Associate Member from 1978; Member from 1979[25]
Thomas Dworzak  Germany Active (full Member) 2004– Member from 2004[26]
Nikos Economopoulos  Greece Active (full Member) 1990– Member from 1994[27]
Elliott Erwitt  United States Active (full Member) 1953–[28] Member from 1954[28]
Martine Franck  Belgium Active (full Member) 1980–[29] Member from 1983[29]
Stuart Franklin  United Kingdom Active (full Member) 1985–[30] Member from 1990.[30]
Leonard Freed  United States Deceased 1956[31]–2006 Member from 1972[31]
Paul Fusco  United States Active (full Member) 1973– Associate Member from 1973; Member from 1974[32]
Cristina García Rodero  Spain Active (full Member) 2005–[33] Member from 2009[33]
Jean Gaumy  France Active (full Member) 1977–[34] Member from 1986[34]
Bruce Gilden  United States Active (full Member) 1998–[35] Member from 2002[35]
Burt Glinn  United States Deceased 1951[36]–2008 Associate Member from 1951;[12] Member from 1954[36]
Mark Godfrey Withdrawn 1974–1981[11]
Jim Goldberg  United States Active (full Member) 2002–[37] Member from 2006[37]
Philip Jones Griffiths  United Kingdom Deceased 1966–2008 Associate Member from 1966; Member from 1971[38]
Harry Gruyaert  Belgium Active (full Member) 1981–[39] Member from 1986[39]
Ara Güler  Turkey Withdrawn
Ernst Haas  Austria Deceased 1950[11]–1986 Contributor from 1966[11]
Philippe Halsman  United States Deceased 1951[40]– Contributing member from 1956[40]
Charles Harbutt  United States Withdrawn 1964–1981[11]
Erich Hartmann  United States Deceased 1951[11][41]–1999 Member from 1954[41]
David Alan Harvey  United States Active (full Member) 1993–[11][42] Member from 1997[42]
Bob Henriques  United States 1957-1961 (circa)
Thomas Hoepker  Germany Active (full Member) 1964–[43] Member from 1989[43]
David Hurn  United Kingdom Active (full Member) 1965–[44] Associate Member from 1965;[45] Member from 1967[44]
Richard Kalvar  United States Active (full Member) 1975[11]– Associate Member from 1975; Member from 1977.[46]
Josef Koudelka  Czech Republic Active (full Member) 1971[11]– Associate Member from 1971; Member from 1974.[47]
Kent Klich  Sweden Withdrawn 1998–2002
Hiroji Kubota  Japan Active (full Member) 1971– Associate Member from 1971;[48] Member from 1989.[49]
Dorothea Lange  United States Deceased Nonmember correspondent 1956[11]–
Sergio Larrain  Chile Active (Contributor) 1959– Associate Member from 1959; Member from 1961; Contributor from 1970[50]
Russell Lee  United States Deceased Nonmember correspondent 1956[11]–
Guy Le Querrec  France Active (full Member) 1976–[51] Member from 1977.[51]
Erich Lessing  Austria Active (full Member) 1950–[52] Member from 1955;[53] later Contributor[52]
Herbert List  Germany Deceased Contributor 1951–1975[54]
Danny Lyon Withdrawn 1966–1968[11]
Alex Majoli  Italy Active (full Member) 1996–[55] Member from 2001.[55]
Constantine Manos  United States Active (full Member) 1963[11]–[56] Member from 1965.[56]
Mary Ellen Mark Withdrawn 1977–1981[11]
Peter Marlow  United Kingdom Active (full Member) 1982– Member from 1986[57]
Don McCullin  United Kingdom Withdrawn 1968–1969[11]
Steve McCurry  United States Active (full Member) 1986– Member from 1986.[58]
Susan Meiselas  United States Active (full Member) 1976–[59] Member from 1980.[59]
Wayne F. Miller  United States Active (Contributor) Nonmember correspondent 1956[11]–1958; member 1958[11]– Member from 1958, later a contributor.[60]
Inge Morath  Austria Deceased 1953[61]</ref>–2002 Member from 1955.[61] First female member
John G. Morris (photo editor)
Trent Parke  Australia Active (full Member) 2002–[62] Member from 2007.[62]
Martin Parr  United Kingdom Active (full Member) 1988–[63] Member from 1994.[63]
Paolo Pellegrin  Italy Active (full Member) 2001–[64] Nominee from 2001; Member from 2005.[64]
Gilles Peress  France Active (Contributor) 1970–[65] As of 2010, a Contributor.[65]
Gueorgui Pinkhassov  Russia Active (full Member) 1986–[66] Member from 1994.[66]
Mark Power  United Kingdom Active (full Member) 2002–[67] Member from 2007.[67]
Raghu Rai  India Active (Correspondent) 1977–
Eli Reed  United States Active (full Member) 1983–
Marc Riboud  France Active (Contributor) 1955[11]–
Miguel Rio Branco  Brazil Active (Correspondent) 1978– Associate Member from 1980[68]
George Rodger  United Kingdom Deceased 1947–1995 Founding member; Contributor from 1970[11]
Sebastião Salgado  Brazil Withdrawn 1979–1994
Alessandra Sanguinetti  United States Active (Nominee) 2007–
Lise Sarfati  France Active (full Member) 1997–
Ferdinando Scianna  Italy Active (full Member) 1982– Member from 1989[69]
Ernst Scheidegger
David Seymour  United States Deceased 1947–1956 Founding member
Marilyn Silverstone  United Kingdom Active (Contributor) 1964– Associate Member from 1964, Full Member from 1967, Contributor from 1975[70]
W. Eugene Smith  United States Withdrawn[71] 1957[11]–1958[72] now deceased
Jacob Aue Sobol  Denmark Active (Nominee) 2007–
Alec Soth  United States Active (full Member) 2004– Nominee from 2004; Member from 2008[73]
Chris Steele-Perkins  United Kingdom Active (full Member) 1979– Nominee from 1979; Associate Member from 1981; Member from 1983[74]
Dennis Stock  United States Deceased 1951–2009 Associate Member from 1951; Member from 1957[75]
Mikhael Subotzky  South Africa Active (Nominee) 2007–
Kryn Taconis Withdrawn 1954[11]–1960[11] now deceased
Nicolas Tikhomiroff  Russia Active 1959–
Larry Towell  Canada Active (full Member) 1988–
Ilkka Uimonen  Finland Active (Associate) 2002–
Burk Uzzle  United States Withdrawn 1967–1983[76] 1979-1980 President[76]
Peter van Agtmael  United States Active (Nominee) 2008– Nominee from 2008[77]
William Vandivert  United States Deceased 1947[78]–1948[79] Founding member
John Vink  Belgium Active (full Member) 1993– Member from 1997[80]
Alex Webb  United States Active (full Member) 1976–
Simon Wheatley
Donovan Wylie  United Kingdom Active (full Member) 1992– Member from 1997[81]
Patrick Zachmann  France Active (full Member) 1985–

Books

  • Magnum: Fifty Years at the Front Line of History by Russell Miller, Grove Press (October, 1999), ISBN 0-8021-3653-2.
  • Magnum Stories by Chris Boot, Phaidon Press (December 1, 2004), ISBN 0-7148-4245-1.
  • Pop Sixties by Magnum Photos, Abrams (October 1, 2008), ISBN 978-0-8109-9526-0.
  • Our World In Focus by Trolley Books (2004) ISBN 1-904563-22-8

See also

References

  1. ^ Magnum Official Website
  2. ^ Russell Miller, Magnum: Fifty Years at the Front Line of History (New York: Grove, 1998; ISBN 0-8021-3653-4), pp. 49–50.
  3. ^ Miller, Magnum, p.53.
  4. ^ a b Miller, Magnum, p.51.
  5. ^ History, Magnum website. Accessed 12 December 2009.
  6. ^ "News Photos, on the Move, Make News", New York Times, February 1, 2010.
  7. ^ "Historic Photo Print Archive, Featuring Iconic 20th Century Images, Has New Owner and Home", University of Texas at Austin press release, February 2, 2010. Accessed 2010-02-09.
  8. ^ Gerald Rich, "UT Receives Historical Treasure: Harry Ransom Center acquires 20th-century photography archive", The Daily Texan, 4 February 2010. Accessed 2010-02-09.
  9. ^ a b "Abbas", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  10. ^ "Christopher Anderson", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Chronology, Magnum Photos (London: Thames & Hudson, 2008; ISBN 978-0-500-41094-3), not paginated.
  12. ^ a b "Burt Glinn", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  13. ^ "Eve Arnold", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  14. ^ "Olivia Arthur", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-17.
  15. ^ "Micha Bar-Am", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  16. ^ a b "Bruno Barbey", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-18.
  17. ^ "Jonas Bendiksen", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  18. ^ "Werner Bischof", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-18.
  19. ^ "Rene Burri", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  20. ^ "Cornell Capa", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-18.
  21. ^ a b "Chien-Chi Chang", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  22. ^ a b "Antoine D'Agata", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  23. ^ a b "Bruce Davidson", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  24. ^ a b "Carl De Keyzer", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  25. ^ "Raymond Depardon", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  26. ^ "Thomas Dworzak", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  27. ^ "Nikos Economopoulos", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  28. ^ a b "Elliott Erwitt", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  29. ^ a b "Martine Franck", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  30. ^ a b "Stuart Franklin", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  31. ^ a b "Leonard Freed", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  32. ^ "Paul Fusco", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  33. ^ a b "Cristina García Rodero", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  34. ^ a b "Jean Gaumy", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  35. ^ a b "Bruce Gilden", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  36. ^ a b "Burt Glinn", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  37. ^ a b "Jim Goldberg", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-19.
  38. ^ "Philip Jones Griffiths", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  39. ^ a b "Harry Gruyaert", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-21.
  40. ^ a b "Philippe Halsman", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-21.
  41. ^ a b "Erich Hartmann", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-21.
  42. ^ a b "David Alan Harvey", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-21.
  43. ^ a b "Thomas Hoepker", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-21.
  44. ^ a b "David Hurn", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-21.
  45. ^ "David Hurn", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  46. ^ "Richard Kalvar", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-14.
  47. ^ "Josef Koudelka", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-14.
  48. ^ "Hiroji Kubota", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-14.
  49. ^ "Hiroji Kubota", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-14.
  50. ^ "Sergio Larrain", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-14.
  51. ^ a b "Guy Le Querrec", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-17.
  52. ^ a b "Erich Lessing", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-17.
  53. ^ "Erich Lessing", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  54. ^ "Herbert List", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-21.
  55. ^ a b "Alex Majoli", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-21.
  56. ^ a b "Constantine Manos", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-02-21.
  57. ^ "Peter Marlow", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  58. ^ "Steve McCurry", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  59. ^ a b "Susan Meiselas", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-07.
  60. ^ "Wayne Miller", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-07.
  61. ^ a b "Inge Morath", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-07.
  62. ^ a b "Trent Parke", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-20
  63. ^ a b "Martin Parr", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-20
  64. ^ a b "Paolo Pellegrin", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-20
  65. ^ a b "Gilles Peress", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-20
  66. ^ a b "Gueorgui Pinkhassov", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-20
  67. ^ a b "Mark Power", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-03-20
  68. ^ "Miguel Rio Branco", Magnum Photos. 16 January 2009.
  69. ^ "Ferdinando Scianna", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  70. ^ "Marilyn Silverstone", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  71. ^ Shadow and Substance (McGraw-Hill, 1989), p. 397: "'I think it will be more interesting, and more profitable - with more work used, and uniquely used.' That was the positive view. The negative aspect is found in a draft for a letter to Magnum in which Gene tried to respond to a recent decision by Magnum's members to censure him: 'I stand thoroughly censured, I'm broke, desperate, tired - however, the censure is right, I am guilty. I trust that the photographers of Magnum are willing to stand on their public recors. I trust that the photographers of Magnum are willing that I publicly evaluate them accordingly as they have achieved. I am not interested in their excuses accordingly to their private confessions. Their blames, including Smith, will not be of my concern.'"
  72. ^ Shadow and Substance, p. 398.
  73. ^ "Alec Soth", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  74. ^ Miller, Magnum, p,268.
  75. ^ "Dennis Stock", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  76. ^ a b http://www.burkuzzle.com
  77. ^ "Peter van Agtmael", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  78. ^ Miller, Magnum, pp. 49–51.
  79. ^ Miller, Magnum, pp. 66–67.
  80. ^ "John Vink", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
  81. ^ "Donovan Wylie", Magnum Photos. Accessed 2010-01-16.
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