Mansi people
 | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 12,300 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Russia) | |
| Russia | 12,308 (2020)[1] |
| Languages | |
| Mansi, Russian | |
| Religion | |
| Shamanism, Russian Orthodoxy | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Khanty | |
The Mansi (Mansi: Мāньси / Мāньси мāхум,[2] Māńsi / Māńsi māhum, IPA: [ˈmaːnʲsʲi, ˈmaːnʲsʲi ˈmaːxʊm]) are an Ugric indigenous people living in Khanty–Mansia, an autonomous okrug within Tyumen Oblast in Russia. In Khanty–Mansia, the Khanty and Mansi languages have co-official status with Russian. The Mansi language is one of the postulated Ugric languages of the Uralic family. The Mansi people were formerly known as the Voguls.[3]
Together with the Khanty people, the Mansi are politically represented by the Association to Save Yugra, an organisation founded during Perestroika of the late 1980s. This organisation was among the first regional indigenous associations in Russia.
Demographics[edit]
| Total | Men | Women | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 12,228 | 5,685 | 6,543 |
| Tyumen Oblast | 11,583 | 5,356 | 6,227 |
| *Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug | 11,065 | 5,136 | 5,929 |
| Sverdlovsk Oblast | 334 | 170 | 164 |
| Komi Republic | 5 | 3 | 2 |
According to the 2021 census, there were 12,228 Mansi in Russia.
History[edit]
The ancestors of Mansi people populated the areas west of the Urals.[5] Mansi findings have been unearthed in the vicinity of Perm.[5]
In the first millennium BC, they migrated to Western Siberia where they assimilated with the native inhabitants.[5] According to others they are originated from the south Ural steppe and moved into their current location about 500 AD.[6]
The Mansi have been in contact with the Russian state at least since the 16th century when most of western Siberia was brought under Russian control by Yermak Timofeyevich. Due to their higher exposure to Russian and Soviet control, they are generally more assimilated than their northern neighbours, the Khanty.[citation needed]
Relationship with historical Magyar conquerors[edit]
The Mansi are one of the closest linguistic relatives of modern Hungarians. Genetic data by Maroti et al. 2022, revealed high genetic affinity between Magyar conquerors and modern day Bashkirs, with both could be modeled as ~50% Mansi-like, ~35% Sarmatian-like, and ~15% Hun/Xiongnu-like. The admixture event is suggested to have taken place in the Southern Ural region at 643–431 BCE.[7]
Culture[edit]
The Mansi were semi-nomadic hunters and fishermen. Some Mansi also raised reindeer. A few Mansi engaged in agriculture (cultivating barley) and raised cattle and horses.[8]
During the winter, the Mansi lived in stationary huts made out of earth and branches at permanent villages. During the spring, the Mansi moved towards hunting and fishing grounds, where they constructed temporary rectangular-shaped shelters out of birch-bark and poles.[8]
Weapons used by the Mansi were advanced for the period and included longbows, arrows, spears, and the use of iron helmets and chain mail.[8]
Notable Mansi[edit]
- Matrena Vakhrusheva (1918–2000), linguist, philologist, writer; co-wrote the first Mansi-Russian dictionary
- Yuvan Shestalov (1937–2011), writer
- Ruslan Provodnikov (b. 1984), boxer (Mansi mother)
- Sergey Ustiugov (b. 1992), cross-country skier (Mansi father)
References[edit]
- ^ "Росстат — Всероссийская перепись населения 2020". rosstat.gov.ru. Retrieved 2023-01-03.
- ^ Ромбандеева Е. И. (2005). Русско-Мансийский словарь: учебное пособие [Russian-Mansi dictionary: textbook] (in Russian). СПб.: Миралл. p. 129. ISBN 5-902499-14-3.
- ^ "Mansi | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2022-03-13.
- ^ "Национальный состав населения". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
- ^ a b c "The Mansis". The Peoples of the Red Book. EE: EKI.
- ^ "Khanty & Mansi". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ Maróti, Zoltán; Neparáczki, Endre; Schütz, Oszkár; Maár, Kitti; Varga, Gergely I. B.; Kovács, Bence; Kalmár, Tibor; Nyerki, Emil; Nagy, István; Latinovics, Dóra; Tihanyi, Balázs; Marcsik, Antónia; Pálfi, György; Bernert, Zsolt; Gallina, Zsolt (2022-07-11). "The genetic origin of Huns, Avars, and conquering Hungarians". Current Biology. 32 (13): 2858–2870.e7. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.093. ISSN 0960-9822.
- ^ a b c Forsyth, James (1994). A History of the Peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian Colony 1581-1990. Cambridge University Press. pp. 11–13. ISBN 978-0-521-47771-0.
External links[edit]
