Member states of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is an international alliance that consists of 6 member states and 5 observers from Eurasia. It was established on 26 April 1996 as Shanghai Five. Of the 6 member states and 5 observers, SCO currently also have 3 dialogue partners and 3 guest attendance entries.
Contents
Member states[edit]
| Flag | Country |
Capital |
Area (km²) |
Population |
Density (/km²) |
GDP per cap. (PPP)[1] |
HDI[2] | Currency |
Official languages | Leaders | Accession |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China People's Republic of China |
Beijing | 9,640,011 | 1,339,724,852 (2010 Census) |
139.6 | 9,162 | 0.699 | Renminbi (Chinese yuan) (CNY) |
Standard Chinese[3] written in simplified characters[3] see also languages of China |
Head of State: Xi Jinping Head of Government: Li Keqiang |
1996-04-26 | |
| Kazakhstan Republic of Kazakhstan |
Astana | 2,724,900 | 16,009,600 (2009 Census) |
5.94 | 13,893 | 0.754 | Kazakhstani tenge (KZT) |
Kazakh (National) Russian |
Head of State: Nursultan Nazarbayev Head of Government: Serik Akhmetov |
1996-04-26 | |
| Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyz Republic |
Bishkek | 199,900 | 5,362,800 (2009 Census) |
27.4 | 2,376 | 0.622 | Kyrgyzstani som (KGS) |
Kyrgyz (National) Russian |
Head of State: Almazbek Atambayev Head of Government: Zhantoro Satybaldiyev |
1996-04-26 | |
| Russia Russian Federation |
Moscow | 17,075,400 | 142,905,208 (2010 Census) |
8.3 | 17,709 | 0.788 | Russian ruble (RUB) |
Russian also see Languages of Russia |
Head of State: Vladimir Putin Head of Government: Dmitry Medvedev |
1996-04-26 | |
| Tajikistan Republic of Tajikistan |
Dushanbe | 143,100 | 7,564,500 (2010 Census) |
48.6 | 2,229 | 0.622 | Tajikistani somoni (TJS) |
Tajik Persian | Head of State: Emomalii Rahmon Head of Government: Oqil Oqilov |
1996-04-26 | |
| Uzbekistan Republic of Uzbekistan |
Tashkent | 447,400 | 29,559,100 (2012 est.) |
61.4 | 3,555 | 0.654 | Uzbekistani som (UZS) |
Uzbek | Head of State: Islam Karimov Head of Government: Shavkat Mirziyoyev |
2001-06-15 |
Observer states[edit]
Except for Afghanistan, the observers are due to be accorded full member status at the 2014 SCO summit.[4]
| Flag | Country |
Capital |
Area (km²) |
Population |
Density (/km²) |
GDP per cap. (PPP)[1] |
HDI[2] | Currency |
Official languages | Leaders | Status gained |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan |
Kabul | 652,230 | 30,419,928 (2012 est.) |
43.5 | 1,054 | 0.374 | Afghan afghani (AFN) |
Pashto language Dari Persian |
Head of State and Government: Hamid Karzai | 2012-06-07 | |
| Belarus Republic of Belarus |
Minsk | 207,595 | 9,457,500 (2012 Census) |
45.8 | 15,634 | 0.793 | Belarusian ruble (BYR) |
Belarusian Russian |
Head of State: Alexander Lukashenko Head of Government: Mikhail Myasnikovich |
2010-04-28 | |
| India[Note 1] Republic of India |
New Delhi | 3,287,240 | 1,210,193,422 (2011 Census) |
364.4 | 3,830 | 0.554 | Indian rupee (INR) |
Hindi (Devanagari script), English also see Languages of India |
Head of State: Pranab Mukherjee Head of Government: Narendra Modi |
2005-06-23 | |
| Iran Islamic Republic of Iran |
Tehran | 1,648,195 | 77,176,930 (2013 Census) |
48.0 | 13,127 | 0.742 | Iranian rial (IRR) |
Persian | Head of State and Government: Ali Khamenei & Hassan Rouhani |
2005-06-23 | |
| Mongolia | Ulaanbaatar | 1,564,115 | 2,754,685 (2010 Census) |
1.75 | 5,372 | 0.675 | Mongolian tögrög (MNT) |
Mongolian | Head of State: Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj Head of Government: Norovyn Altankhuyag |
2004-06-17 | |
| Pakistan[Note 1] Islamic Republic of Pakistan |
Islamabad | 796,095 | 187,342,721 (2011 Est.) |
214.3 | 2,881 | 0.515 | Pakistani rupee (PKR) |
Urdu (National) English |
Head of State: Mamnoon Husain Head of Government: Nawaz Sharif |
2005-06-23 |
- Notes
Dialogue partner entries[edit]
| Flag | Country |
Capital |
Area (km²) |
Population |
Density (/km²) |
GDP per cap. (PPP)[1] |
HDI[2] | Currency |
Official languages | Leaders | Status gained |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armenia | Yerevan | 2015-07-10 | |||||||||
| Azerbaijan | Baku | 2015-07-10 | |||||||||
| Cambodia | Phnom Penh | 2015-07-10 | |||||||||
| Nepal | Kathmandu | 2015-07-10 | |||||||||
| Sri Lanka Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka |
Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte (Administrative) Colombo (Commercial) |
65,610 | 20,277,597 (2012 Census) |
323.0 | 6,107 | 0.715 | Sri Lankan rupee (LKR) |
Sinhala Tamil |
Head of State and Government: Mahinda Rajapaksa | 2009-06-16 | |
| Turkey Republic of Turkey |
Ankara | 783,562 | 75,627,384 (2013 est.) |
97.0 | 15,001 | 0.722 | Turkish lira (TRY) |
Turkish | Head of State: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Head of Government: Ahmet Davutoğlu |
2012-06-07 |
Future participation[edit]
Observers India and Pakistan have been approved for membership, and are expected to join by 2016.[5] Observer Iran has also submitted an application for full membership.[6] Meanwhile, in 2012 Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka applied for observer status within the organization.[7] Syria has also submitted an application for observer status,[6] while Egypt, Maldives and Ukraine[8] have applied for dialogue partner status.[9][10]
Guest attendance entries[edit]
- Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
- Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
- Turkmenistan
References[edit]
- ^ a b c at purchasing power parity, per capita, in international dollars (rounded IMF 2012)
- ^ a b c at Human Development Index (New 2013 Estimates for 2012)
- ^ a b Law of the People's Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language (Order of the President No.37)
- ^ http://macedoniaonline.eu/content/view/25830/53/
- ^ a b "India, Pakistan become full SCO members". The Hindu. 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2015-07-10.
will technically become a member by next year after completion of certain procedures
- ^ a b "Syria applies for observer status at Shanghai security bloc — Russian Foreign Ministry". Russian News Agency TASS. 2015-02-13. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
- ^ "Azerbaijan asks to join a new alliance of China and Russia".
- ^ "Kiev Request For SCO Partner Status Still in Force".
- ^ "Egypt applies to become dialogue partner of Shanghai security bloc — Kremlin aide". Russian News Agency TASS. 2015-07-06. Retrieved 2015-08-15.
- ^ "Azerbaijan intends to become SCO observer". 2015-02-10. Retrieved 2015-08-15.
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