Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport

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Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport
Wold–Chamberlain Field
Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport Logo.svg
Delta - Concourse C @ MSP Airport (8486514293).jpg
Summary
Airport typePublic/Military
Owner/OperatorMetropolitan Airports Commission
ServesMinneapolis–Saint Paul
LocationFort Snelling Unorganized Territory, Minnesota, U.S.
OpenedJuly 10, 1920; 102 years ago (1920-07-10)
Hub for
Elevation AMSL841 ft / 256 m
Coordinates44°52′55″N 093°13′18″W / 44.88194°N 93.22167°W / 44.88194; -93.22167Coordinates: 44°52′55″N 093°13′18″W / 44.88194°N 93.22167°W / 44.88194; -93.22167
Websitemspairport.com
Maps
FAA airport diagram
FAA airport diagram
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
4/22 11,006 3,355 Concrete
12R/30L 10,000 3,048 Concrete
12L/30R 8,200 2,499 Concrete
17/35 8,000 2,438 Concrete
Statistics (2022)
Passengers31,241,822
Traffic Movements310,235
Source: Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport[1]

Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport (IATA: MSP, ICAO: KMSP, FAA LID: MSP), also less commonly known as Wold-Chamberlain Field, is a joint civil-military public-use international airport located in Fort Snelling Unorganized Territory, Minnesota, United States. Although situated within the unorganized territory, the airport is centrally located within 10 miles (16 kilometers) of both downtown Minneapolis and downtown Saint Paul. In addition to primarily hosting commercial flights from major American and some international airlines, the airport is also home to several United States Air Force and Minnesota Air National Guard operations. MSP is the busiest airport in the Upper Midwest.[2]

A joint civil-military airport, MSP is home to the Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport Joint Air Reserve Station, supporting both Air Force Reserve Command and Air National Guard flight operations. Units stationed there include the 934th Airlift Wing (934 AW). The airport is located in Fort Snelling Unorganized Territory. Small sections of the airport border the city limits of Minneapolis and Richfield. However, under Minnesota state law, the parcel of land covered by the airport is not part of any city or school district.[3] MSP covers 2,930 acres (1,186 ha) of land.[4][5] The airport generates an estimated $15.9 billion a year for the Twin Cities' economy and supports 87,000 workers.[6]

MSP was a major hub for Northwest Airlines, and still is for its successor, Delta Air Lines.[7] It also serves as the home airport for Minnesota-based Sun Country Airlines.[8] Delta Air Lines and its regional affiliates account for about 70% of the airport's passenger traffic. The airport is operated by the Metropolitan Airports Commission, which also handles the operation of six smaller airports in the region.

History[edit]

What is now known as Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport started in 1919 as Speedway Field when several local groups came together to take control of the former bankrupt Twin City Speedway race track. The first hangar was a wooden structure, constructed in 1920 for airmail services.[9] The Minneapolis Park Board took possession of Speedway Field on June 1, 1928, and in 1929, passenger services began.[9][10] In 1923, the airport was renamed "Wold–Chamberlain Field" for the World War I pilots Ernest Groves Wold and Cyrus Foss Chamberlain. In 1944 the site was renamed to "Minneapolis–St. Paul Metropolitan Airport/Wold-Chamberlain Field", with "International" replacing "Metropolitan" four years later. Today it is rare to see the Wold–Chamberlain portion of the name used anywhere.

Expansions[edit]

Ground was broken for the current Terminal 1 building on October 26, 1958.[11] The US $8.5 million, 600,000 square foot (56,000 m2) terminal with 24 gates on two concourses was designed by Lyle George Landstrom.[12] who worked for Cerny Associates. The terminal, then referred to as the New Terminal, was completed on January 13, 1962, and operations began on January 21.[11][13] Pier D (formerly the Gold Concourse, now Concourse G) was completed in 1971 and Pier A (formerly the Green Concourse, now Concourse C) was completed in 1972 as part of an expansion of the terminal designed by Cerny Associates.[13][14] This project also involved rebuilding the existing concourses into bi-level structures equipped with holding rooms and jet bridges.[13] The Gold Concourse was expanded in 1986 and included the airport's first moving walkway.[11] Concourses A and B opened on June 1, 2002, as part of a $250 million terminal expansion designed by Minneapolis-based Architectural Alliance.[15] The final component of the project included a $17.5 million extension of Concourse C consisting of six additional gates, which opened on October 31, 2002.[16]

Terminal 2 was first built in 1986 and then rebuilt in 2001. It is used mostly for charter and low cost airlines, including Minnesota-based Sun Country and Southwest, but is also used for Condor, Icelandair and JetBlue. The terminal has since been expanded and has a total of 14 gates. The colored labeling system for concourses in both terminals was replaced beginning in 2000 with the current system of lettered concourses.

Recent history[edit]

Due in part to aircraft noise in south Minneapolis, the Highland Park neighborhood in St. Paul, and surrounding suburbs, proposals were made in the 1990s to build a new airport on the fringes of the Twin Cities metro in Dakota County to handle larger jets and more international traffic.[17] Minneapolis, St. Paul, and other neighboring cities were concerned that such a move would have a negative economic impact, so an arrangement was made where the Metropolitan Airports Commission would outfit many homes in the vicinity of the airport with sound insulation and air conditioning so that indoor noise could be reduced. A citizen group named ROAR (Residents Opposed to Airport Racket) was created in 1998 and helped push the MAC to make these concessions. Later, in 2004, the MAC voted to reduce funding for the soundproofing projects, saying in part that the economic climate had turned in the wake of the September 11 attacks. Minneapolis Mayor R. T. Rybak, who had been a founding member of ROAR, promised that the city would challenge the changes. In 2005, the cities of Minneapolis, Eagan, and Richfield and the Minneapolis Public Housing Authority filed a lawsuit against the MAC, which was settled with a Consent Decree in 2007. The terms in the Consent Decree specified levels of sound insulation for homes within a fixed boundary of projected aircraft noise exposure around MSP. Upon the completion of the noise mitigation program in 2014, more than 15,000 single-family homes and 3,303 multi-family units around MSP were provided noise mitigation at cost of $95 million.[18]

A 2022 J.D. Power survey concluded that with ranking the largest US and Canadian airports on a 1,000 point scale based on traveler satisfaction, the airport received a score of 800, ranking it the best airport in the US and Canada. MSP's high ranking was accredited to its recently-updated facilities.[19]

Delta A220-300 landing at MSP with a Delta 757-200 taxiing in the foreground.

Facilities[edit]

Delta Airlines jets parked at Concourse C

Terminals[edit]

Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport has two terminals with a total of 131 gates.[20]

  • Terminal 1 (Lindbergh) contains 117 gates across seven concourses, lettered A–G.[20]
  • Terminal 2 (Humphrey) contains 14 gates across one concourse, lettered H.[21]

International arrivals are processed in Concourse G in Terminal 1, and in Terminal 2.[20]

The two terminals are located about one mile (1.6 km) apart and accessed from separate exits of Minnesota State Highway 5. The arrangement can be confusing for some drivers, since no roads directly connect the terminals, meaning that taking the wrong exit can cause a delay of several minutes. In 2010, signage along Highway 5 was updated to make it more clear which airlines serve each terminal.[22][23]

Terminal 1 is named after aviator Charles Lindbergh, who was raised in Minnesota and Terminal 2 is named after vice president Hubert Humphrey, who represented Minnesota in Congress.

Ground transportation[edit]

The terminal buildings are directly located off of Minnesota State Highway 5. Several other major highways that border the airport are Minnesota State Highway 62, Minnesota State Highway 77, and Interstate 494.

Metro Transit, the region's public transportation provider, operates the Blue Line, a light rail route, on the airport grounds. Travelers can use the line to connect between the two terminals. No fare is charged for passengers only travelling between Terminal 1 and 2, and service between the terminals operates all day (the rest of the line shuts down for about four hours overnight).[24] Beyond the airport, the Blue Line travels to downtown Minneapolis and the Mall of America in nearby Bloomington. Metro Transit also operates bus route 54 to Terminal 1.

Military facilities[edit]

The Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport Joint Air Reserve Station at MSP is home to the 934th Airlift Wing (934 AW), an Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) unit and the 133d Airlift Wing (133 AW) of the Minnesota Air National Guard. Both units fly the C-130 Hercules and are operationally-gained by the Air Mobility Command (AMC). The 934th consists of over 1,300 military personnel, of which approximately 250 are full-time Active Guard and Reserve (AGR) and Air Reserve Technician (ART) personnel. The 133rd is similarly manned, making for a total military presence of over 2,600 full-time and part-time personnel.

The 934 AW serves as the "host" wing for the installation, which also includes lodging/billeting, officers club, Base Exchange (BX) and other morale, welfare and recreation (MWR) facilities for active, reserve/national guard and retired military personnel and their families.

Runways[edit]

Runways at MSP [25]
Runway Length / width Runway Surface Notes
04 → 11,006 by 150 ft
3,355 by 46 m 		← 22 Concrete Runway 04/22 is equipped with Medium intensity runway edge lighting [AN(TE HI)]. Both equipped with a precision approach path indicator (PAPI) system.
RWY22 : RNAV, RNP, NDB // RWY04 : ILS, RNAV, RNP, NDB, VOR/DME
17 → 8,000 by 150 ft
2,438 by 46 m 		← 35 Concrete Runway 17/35 is equipped with Touchdown and Centerpoint lights and a PAPI system. Runway 35 is equipped with ILS CAT I-III.
RWY35 : RNAV, RNP, NDB // RWY17 : RNAV, RNP
12R → 10,000 by 150 ft
3,048 by 46 m 		← 30L Concrete Runway 12R/30L is equipped with a PAPI system. 12R is equipped with ILS CAT I-III. 30L is equipped with ILS CAT II.
RWY30L : RNAV, RNP, NDB // RWY12R : ILS, RNAV, RNP, NDB, VOR/DME
12L → 8,200 by 150 ft
2,499 by 46 m 		← 30R Concrete 30R is equipped with medium intensity runway edge lighting [AN(TE HI)]. 12L equipped with ILS CAT I-III Both equipped with a PAPI system.
RWY30R : RNAV, RNP, NDB // RWY12L : ILS, RNAV, RNP, NDB, VOR/DME

Airlines and destinations[edit]

Passenger[edit]

AirlinesDestinationsRefs
Air Canada Express Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson [26]
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma
Seasonal: Anchorage, Portland (OR) 		[27]
Allegiant Air Asheville, Destin/Fort Walton Beach, Knoxville, Phoenix/Mesa, Punta Gorda (FL), Sarasota
Seasonal: West Palm Beach 		[28]
American Airlines Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor [29]
American Eagle Chicago–O'Hare, New York–LaGuardia, Philadelphia, Washington–National [29]
Condor Seasonal: Frankfurt [30]
Delta Air Lines Amsterdam, Anchorage, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Billings, Bismarck, Boise, Boston, Bozeman, Calgary, Cancún, Charlotte, Cincinnati (resumes June 5, 2023), Chicago–Midway (begins May 1, 2023), Chicago–O'Hare, Colorado Springs (resumes June 5, 2023), Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Destin/Fort Walton Beach (begins April 10, 2023),[31] Detroit, Fargo, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Grand Forks, Grand Rapids, Hartford, Honolulu, Houston–Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Las Vegas, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madison, Mexico City, Miami, Milwaukee, Missoula, Nashville, Newark, New Orleans, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Orange County, Orlando, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Portland (OR), Raleigh/Durham, Rochester (MN), Sacramento, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San Juan, Sarasota, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul–Incheon,[32] Sioux Falls, Spokane, St. Louis, Tampa, Tokyo–Haneda, Vancouver, Washington–National, Winnipeg
Seasonal: Albuquerque, Asheville, Belize City, Buffalo, Burlington (VT), Charleston (SC), Cleveland, Columbus–Glenn, Cozumel (resumes December 16, 2023), Duluth, Fairbanks, Glacier Park/Kalispell, Harlingen, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Jackson Hole, Liberia (CR), Montego Bay, Myrtle Beach, Omaha, Palm Springs, Portland (ME), Providence, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Reno/Tahoe, Reykjavík–Keflavík, San José del Cabo, Savannah, Tri-Cities (WA), Tucson, West Palm Beach 		[33]
Delta Connection Aberdeen (SD), Appleton, Bemidji, Bismarck, Brainerd, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Chicago–Midway,Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus–Glenn, Des Moines, Duluth, Escanaba, Fargo, Fayetteville/Bentonville, Fort Wayne, Glacier Park/Kalispell, Grand Forks, Grand Rapids, Great Falls, Green Bay, Hibbing/Chisholm, Indianapolis, International Falls, Iron Mountain, Kansas City, La Crosse, Louisville, Madison, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minot, Missoula, Montréal–Trudeau, Mosinee/Wausau, Newark, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Pittsburgh, Rapid City, Rhinelander, Richmond (resumes June 5, 2023), Rochester (MN), Sault Ste. Marie (MI), Sioux Falls, South Bend, St. Louis, Toronto–Pearson, Tri-Cities (WA), Washington–Dulles, Wichita, Williston
Seasonal: Traverse City 		[33]
Denver Air Connection Ironwood, Thief River Falls [34]
Frontier Airlines Cancún, Denver, Las Vegas, Phoenix–Sky Harbor (ends May 8, 2023)
Seasonal: Austin, Fort Myers, Orlando, Tampa 		[35]
Icelandair Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík [36]
JetBlue Boston [37]
KLM Amsterdam[38]
Red Way Lincoln (begins June 16, 2023) [39]
Southwest Airlines Austin, Baltimore, Chicago–Midway, Denver, Kansas City, Nashville, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, St. Louis
Seasonal: Dallas–Love, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Las Vegas (resumes September 9, 2023),[40] Orlando, Sarasota, Tampa 		[41][42]
Spirit Airlines Atlanta, Baltimore (resumes April 5, 2023), Detroit, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Orlando
Seasonal: Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Miami, Myrtle Beach, New Orleans, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Tampa 		[43]
Sun Country Airlines Asheville, Branson (begins August 31, 2023),[44] Cancún, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Eau Claire, Fort Myers, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Nashville, Newark, Orlando, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Portland (OR), San Diego, San Francisco, San Juan, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa
Seasonal: Anchorage, Aruba, Atlantic City (begins May 1, 2023), Baltimore, Belize City, Boston, Bozeman, Buffalo, Burlington (VT), Charleston (SC), Charlotte,[45] Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Colorado Springs (begins June 8, 2023),[45] Columbus–Glenn (begins May 4, 2023),[45] Cozumel, Destin/Fort Walton Beach (begins April 12, 2023),[46] Detroit (begins May 5, 2023),[45] Fort Lauderdale, Glacier Park/Kalispell, Grand Cayman, Gulfport/Biloxi, Harlingen, Hartford, Houston–Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Jackson Hole, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City (begins May 29, 2023),[45] Liberia (CR), Louisville (begins May 4, 2023), Mazatlán, Melbourne/Orlando, Miami, Milwaukee, Montego Bay, Myrtle Beach, New Orleans, New York–JFK (resumes April 13, 2023),[45] Omaha (begins May 26, 2023),[45] Palm Springs, Philadelphia, Phoenix/Mesa, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Providence, Providenciales, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Punta Gorda (FL), Raleigh/Durham, Rapid City (begins June 19, 2023),[45] Reno/Tahoe, Richmond (begins May 19, 2023),[45] Roatán, San Antonio, San José del Cabo, Sarasota, Savannah, St. Louis (resumes May 22, 2023),[47] St. Petersburg/Clearwater, St. Thomas, Spokane, Traverse City (begins June 16, 2023),[45] Tucson, Vancouver, West Palm Beach, Wilmington (NC) (begins June 1, 2023)[45] 		[48]
United Airlines Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Newark, San Francisco
Seasonal: Houston–Intercontinental 		[49]
United Express Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, Washington–Dulles [49]
WestJet Seasonal: Edmonton (begins June 2, 2023), Saskatoon (begins June 18, 2023) [50]

Cargo[edit]

AirlinesDestinations
Amazon Air Cincinnati, Fort Worth/Alliance, Lakeland, Wilmington
Bemidji Airlines Alexandria, Bemidji, Brainerd, Duluth, Eveleth, International Falls, Grand Rapids (MN), La Crosse, Rice Lake, Thief River Falls
DHL Aviation Cincinnati, Detroit, Omaha, Thief River Falls, Winnipeg
FedEx Express Appleton, Chicago–O'Hare, Fargo, Fort Worth/Alliance, Greensboro, Indianapolis, Memphis, Milwaukee
Seasonal: Columbus–Rickenbacker, Los Angeles, Newark, Oakland, Rochester (MN), St. Louis
FedEx Feeder Bemidji, Duluth, Memphis, Thief River Falls
UPS Airlines Alexandria, Bemidji, Brainerd, Chicago/Rockford, Detroit Lakes, Duluth, Fargo, Fergus Falls, Grand Rapids, International Falls, La Crosse, Louisville, Marshall, Philadelphia, Portland (OR), Rice Lake, Thief River Falls, Wadena, Winnipeg, Winona
Seasonal: Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Milwaukee, Ontario, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Sioux Falls

Statistics[edit]

A Sun Country 737-800 departing MSP

Top domestic destinations[edit]

Busiest domestic routes from MSP (January 2022 – December 2022)[51]
Rank Airport Passengers Carriers
1 Denver, Colorado 756,000 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, Sun Country, United
2 Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Arizona 626,000 American, Delta, Southwest, Spirit, Sun Country
3 Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois 566,000 American, Delta, Sun Country, United
4 Atlanta, Georgia 565,000 Delta, Spirit
5 Las Vegas, Nevada 563,000 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, Sun Country
6 Orlando, Florida 510,000 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, Sun Country
7 Los Angeles, California 498,000 Delta, Spirit, Sun Country
8 Seattle/Tacoma, Washington 453,000 Alaska, Delta, Sun Country
9 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 409,000 American, Delta, Sun Country
10 Fort Myers, Florida 347,000 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, Sun Country

Top international destinations[edit]

Busiest international routes from MSP (July 2021 – June 2022) [52]
Rank Airport Passengers Carriers
1 Mexico Cancún, Mexico 348,580 Delta, Frontier, Sun Country
2 Netherlands Amsterdam, Netherlands 244,941 Delta, KLM
3 France Paris, France 133,932 Air France, Delta
4 Canada Calgary, Canada 121,253 Delta
5 Dominican Republic Punta Cana, Dominican Republic 76,705 Delta, Sun Country
6 Mexico Puerto Vallarta, Mexico 76,510 Delta, Sun Country
7 Canada Winnipeg, Canada 72,672 Delta
8 Iceland Reykjavík, Iceland 69,502 Delta, Icelandair
9 Mexico Mexico City, Mexico 68,102 Delta
10 Canada Toronto–Pearson, Canada 60,406 Air Canada, Delta

Airline market share[edit]

Largest airlines at MSP
(January 2022 - December 2022)[53]
Rank Airline Passengers Share
1 Delta Air Lines 15,644,000 55.22%
2 SkyWest Airlines 3,753,000 13.25%
3 Southwest Airlines 1,338,000 4.72%
4 United Airlines 1,086,000 3.83%
5 American Airlines 1,062,000 3.75%
6 Others 5,448,000 19.23%

Annual traffic[edit]

Annual passenger traffic at MSP airport. See Wikidata query.
Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at MSP, (2001–2022)[54]
Year Passengers Year Passengers Year Passengers
2001 33,733,725 2011 33,118,499 2021 25,202,120
2002 32,629,690 2012 33,170,960 2022 31,241,822
2003 33,201,860 2013 33,897,335
2004 36,713,173 2014 35,152,460
2005 37,663,664 2015 36,582,854
2006 35,612,133 2016 37,517,957
2007 35,157,322 2017 38,034,431
2008 34,056,443 2018 38,037,381
2009 32,378,599 2019 39,555,036
2010 32,839,441 2020 14,851,289

Accidents and incidents[edit]

  • On March 7, 1950, Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 307, a Martin 2-0-2 diverted from Rochester International Airport crashed 5 km northwest of MSP after first hitting a 70 foot high flagpole with its left wing on final approach, 8/10 of a mile from the touchdown point, in blinding snow. The left wing eventually detached and the aircraft dived and crashed into a house. All 13 passengers and crew and two children in the house were killed. A loss of visual reference to the ground on approach was the probable cause.[55]
  • On January 21, 1985, Galaxy Airlines Flight 203, a Lockheed L-188 Electra 4-engine turboprop, registration N5532, operating as a non-scheduled charter flight from Reno, Nevada to MSP, crashed shortly after takeoff. All but one of the 71 on board died.
  • On May 10, 2005, Northwest Flight 1495, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9, suffered a valve fracture and lost hydraulic pressure in its right engine shortly after takeoff from John Glenn Columbus International Airport en route to MSP. The aircraft performed a successful emergency landing, but began experiencing steering problems and a loss of the brakes while taxing to the gate, resulting in it colliding with the wing of an Airbus A319-114 at approximately 16 mph. Eight injuries were reported among the crew and passengers of both planes and the ground crew.[56]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Operations Reports". Minneapolis: Metropolitan Airports Commission. January 2019. Archived from the original on April 11, 2019. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
  2. ^ "List of Top 40 Airports in US - World Airport Codes". World Airport Codes. Archived from the original on April 30, 2019. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  3. ^ "2012 Minnesota Statutes". St. Paul: MN Revisor's Office. 2012. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  4. ^ FAA Airport Form 5010 for MSP PDF, effective December 30, 2021.
  5. ^ "MSP airport data at skyvector.com". skyvector.com. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
  6. ^ Squire, Trevor. "Minneapolis–St. Paul International Airport named Best Airport in North America for second consecutive year". Star Tribune. Minneapolis. Archived from the original on March 6, 2018. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  7. ^ Lora, Sara. "and Aeromexico launch new service between Queretaro, Mexico, and Detroit". Delta. Archived from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
  8. ^ Radka, Ricky (December 23, 2021). "Airline Hub Guide: Which U.S. Cities Are Major Hubs and Why it Matters". airfarewatchdog.com. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
  9. ^ a b "MinneapolisHistory". Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
  10. ^ Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Airports Commission History, Volume I: Early Aviation, Metropolitan Area, 1911-1943
  11. ^ a b c "Fun Facts". Metropolitan Airports Commission. Archived from the original on June 9, 2012. Retrieved June 25, 2012.
  12. ^ "Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport, Lindbergh Terminal, 4300 Glumack Drive, Minneapolis, Minnesota". Archived from the original on July 29, 2018. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  13. ^ a b c "Architecture Minnesota". Architecture Minnesota. Minnesota Society American Institute of Architects. 28 (1): 49. 2002.
  14. ^ Hogan, Patrick (2013). "Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport: Looking Back and Moving Forward" (PDF). Metropolitan Airports Commission. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 12, 2017. Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  15. ^ Torbenson, Eric (May 31, 2002). "Two New Concourses to Debut at Minneapolis–St. Paul International Airport". St. Paul Pioneer Press. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
  16. ^ Wascoe, Dan Jr. (November 1, 2002). "New Concourse Opens at Minneapolis Airport's Main Terminal". Star Tribune. Minneapolis. Archived from the original on December 4, 2008. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
  17. ^ "MSP Intl. Airport Final ROD" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 1, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  18. ^ 2020 Annual Noise Contour Report (Report). Metropolitan Airports Commission (MAC). February 2021. p. 2.
  19. ^ Marnie Hunter. "Study reveals the North American airports that travelers find the most -- and least -- satisfying". CNN. Retrieved September 21, 2022.
  20. ^ a b c "Terminal 1 Map" (PDF). Retrieved March 27, 2021.
  21. ^ "MSP Terminal 2 Map" (PDF). Retrieved March 27, 2021.
  22. ^ The Metropolitan Airports Commission (July 26, 2010). Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport Long Term Comprehensive Plan Update (Report).
  23. ^ "A case of terminal confusion at Minn. airport". NBC News. Associated Press. July 20, 2009. Retrieved September 23, 2022.
  24. ^ "These routes will change May 18". Metro Transit. Archived from the original on July 15, 2013. Retrieved May 22, 2013.
  25. ^ "MSP Runways". Retrieved October 20, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ^ "Flight Schedules" (PDF). Retrieved July 25, 2021.
  27. ^ Airlines, Alaska. "Flight Timetable". Alaska Airlines. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
  28. ^ @MSPAirport (June 29, 2021). "We're excited to announce that a new airline is ready to join the flock! Allegiant Air will debut at MSP in October with service to Asheville (AVL), Punta Gorda (PGD), and Palm Beach (PBI)" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  29. ^ a b "Flight schedules and notifications". Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
  30. ^ "Wow: Condor Begins 3 US Routes in Less Than 1 Week". May 26, 2022.
  31. ^ "DELTA ADDS MINNEAPOLIS/ST. PAUL – DESTIN/FT. WALTON BEACH IN 2Q23". AeroRoutes. October 31, 2022. Retrieved October 31, 2022.
  32. ^ "Delta Air Lines : Restores U.S.-Korea network with Minneapolis-Incheon relaunch as global demand grows | MarketScreener".
  33. ^ a b "FLIGHT SCHEDULES". Archived from the original on June 21, 2015. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
  34. ^ "Denver Air Connection to take over for Boutique Air at Thief River Falls Airport". February 27, 2020.
  35. ^ "Frontier". Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
  36. ^ "Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport". Icelandair. Archived from the original on May 7, 2019. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  37. ^ "JetBlue Airlines Timetable". Archived from the original on July 13, 2013. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
  38. ^ https://wieck-swa-production.s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/page-3b00a21770a21c5c30a52599d18aed48/attachment/562083c97b2493e09a2e00b955ed8671dd7292e8[bare URL]
  39. ^ https://www.1011now.com/2023/03/30/live-lincoln-airport-announces-new-jet-service-top-destinations/?outputType=amp
  40. ^ "Southwest Airlines Sep 2023 Network Additions". Aeroroutes. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
  41. ^ "Check Flight Schedules". Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
  42. ^ "Southwest Airlines - Route Map". www.southwest.com.
  43. ^ "Where We Fly". Archived from the original on December 23, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
  44. ^ https://ir.suncountry.com/news-releases/news-release-details/sun-country-airlines-extends-booking-schedule-through-mid
  45. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Sun Country Adds 13 Routes from Minneapolis Next Summer". November 15, 2022.
  46. ^ "Sun Country Airlines NW22 Network Additions". Aeroroutes. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
  47. ^ "Sun Country Expands Minneapolis Network in NS23". Aeroroutes. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  48. ^ "Route Map". Archived from the original on August 15, 2018. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
  49. ^ a b "Timetable". Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
  50. ^ https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230212-wsns23
  51. ^ "Minneapolis–St Paul International (MSP) Summary Statistics". Bureau of Transportation Statistics, US Department of Transportation. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  52. ^ "International_Report_Passengers | Department of Transportation - Data Portal". data.transportation.gov. Retrieved July 26, 2021.
  53. ^ "RITA | BTS | Transtats". Transtats.bts.gov. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  54. ^ "About MSP". Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  55. ^ Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network
  56. ^ National Transportation Safety Board (April 25, 2007). Aviation Accident Final Report - CHI05MA111A (Report).

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport.
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