Mujaddid
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A mujaddid (Arabic: مجدد), according to the popular Muslim tradition, refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, remove from it any extraneous elements and restore it to its pristine purity.
The concept is based on the following Prophetic tradition (hadith): Abu Hurairah narrated that the Islamic prophet Muhammad said;
"Allah shall raise for this Ummah at the head of every century a man who shall renew (or revive) for it its religion."
Contents
- 1 List of claimants and potential Mujaddids
- 1.1 First Century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)
- 1.2 Second Century (August 10, 815)
- 1.3 Third Century (August 17, 912)
- 1.4 Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)
- 1.5 Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)
- 1.6 Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)
- 1.7 Seventh Century (September 5, 1300)
- 1.8 Eighth Century (September 23, 1397)
- 1.9 Ninth Century (October 1, 1494)
- 1.10 Tenth Century (October 19, 1591)
- 1.11 Eleventh Century (October 26, 1688)
- 1.12 Twelfth Century (November 4, 1785)
- 1.13 Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)
- 1.14 Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)
- 2 References
- 3 Further reading
- 4 External links
List of claimants and potential Mujaddids
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The neutrality of this article is disputed. (December 2013) |
First Century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)
- Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (682–720)[2]
Second Century (August 10, 815)
- Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i (767–820)[3]
- Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855)[4]
Third Century (August 17, 912)
- Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864–941)[3][4]
Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)
- Abu Bakr Al-Baqillani (950–1013)[4]
- Hakim al-Nishaburi (933–1012)[3]
- Ibn Hazm (994–1064)[4]
Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)
- Muhammad al-Ghazali (1058–1111)[5][4]
Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)
- Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149–1210)[6]
Seventh Century (September 5, 1300)
- Moinuddin Chishti (1165–1240)[4]
- Ibn Arabi (1165–1240)[4]
- Ibn Taymiyyah (1263–1328)[4]
Eighth Century (September 23, 1397)
- Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (1372–1448)[7]
Ninth Century (October 1, 1494)
- Jalaludin Al-Suyuti (1445–1505)[2][8]
Tenth Century (October 19, 1591)
- Khayr al-Din al-Ramli (1585–1671)[2]
Eleventh Century (October 26, 1688)
- Ahmad Sirhindi (1564–1624)[9]
- Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad (1634–1720)[10]
Twelfth Century (November 4, 1785)
- Murtaḍá al-Zabīdī (1732–1790)[8]
- Shah Abdul Aziz Delhwi (1745–1823)[11]
- Usman Dan Fodio (1754–1817)[12]
Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)
- Said Nursî (1878–1960)[13]
Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)
- Ahmad Raza Khan (1856–1921)[14]
References
- ^ Sunan Abu Dawood, 37:4278
- ^ a b c "Mujaddid Ulema". Living Islam.
- ^ a b c Waliullah, Shah. Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa. p. 77, part 7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Nieuwenhuijze, C.A.O.van (1997). Paradise Lost: Reflections on the Struggle for Authenticity in the Middle East. p. 24. ISBN 90 04 10672 3.
- ^ "Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam". The Pen. February 1, 2011.
- ^ "al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)". Muslim Philosophy.
- ^ "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani". Hanafi.co.uk.
- ^ a b Azra, Azyumardi (2004). The Origins of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia part of the ASAA Southeast Asia Publications Series. University of Hawaii Press. p. 18. ISBN 9780824828486.
- ^ Glasse, Cyril (1997). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. AltaMira Press. p. 432. ISBN 90 04 10672 3.
- ^ "A Short Biographical Sketch of Mawlana al-Haddad". Iqra Islamic Publications.
- ^ "Gyarwee Sharif". al-mukhtar books.
- ^ O. Hunwick, John (1995). African And Islamic Revival in Sudanic Africa: A Journal of Historical Sources. p. 6.
- ^ Rippin, Andrew. Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. p. 282.
- ^ "Services As A Mujadid". Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan.
Further reading
- Alvi, Sajida S. "The Mujaddid and Tajdīd Traditions in the Indian Subcontinent: An Historical Overview" ("Hindistan’da Mucaddid ve Tacdîd geleneği: Tarihî bir bakış"). Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994): 1–15.
- Friedmann, Yohanan. "Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of His Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity". Oxford India Paperbacks
External links
- Islami Mehfil, Concept Of Revivalist (Mujaddid) In Islam
- (French) Shah Waliyu Llah about the Mujaddids
- (French) Al Hafiz Adh Dhahabi about the Mujaddids
- (Urdu) Brief Introduction to the Concept of Mujaddidiyyat in Islam
