National Science and Media Museum

Coordinates: 53°47′26″N 1°45′20″W / 53.790556°N 1.755556°W / 53.790556; -1.755556
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National Science and Media Museum
National Science and Media Museum with statue of J. B. Priestley
Map
Former name
National Media Museum
National Museum of Photography, Film and Television
Established16 June 1983
LocationBradford, West Yorkshire, England, UK
Coordinates53°47′26″N 1°45′20″W / 53.790556°N 1.755556°W / 53.790556; -1.755556
CollectionsNational Photography Collection, National Cinematography Collection, National Television Collection, National New Media Collection
Collection size3.5 million items
Visitors493,000 (2017)[1]
* Ranked 33rd nationally
DirectorJo Quinton-Tulloch
CuratorMichael Terwey
Websitehttps://scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk/
Science Museum Group

The National Science and Media Museum (formerly the National Media Museum), located in Bradford, West Yorkshire, is part of the national Science Museum Group. The museum has seven floors of galleries with permanent exhibitions focusing on photography, television, animation, videogaming, the Internet and the scientific principles behind light and colour. It also hosts temporary exhibitions and maintains a collection of 3.5 million pieces in its research facility. The venue has three cinemas, operated in partnership with Picturehouse Cinemas, including an IMAX screen. It hosts festivals dedicated to widescreen film, video games and science, and has previously hosted popular film festivals, including the Bradford International Film Festival until 2014.

In September 2011 the museum was voted the best indoor attraction in Yorkshire by the public, and it is one of the most visited museums in the north of England.[2][3] As of February 2016 the museum, in response to revenue shortfalls, has controversially adopted a policy of focusing on "the science and culture of light and sound"—to the exclusion of what are seen as "unsustainable" aspects of creativity and culture, such as past film festivals.[4]

In March 2016 a £7.5 million five year investment plan in the museum was revealed by the Science Museum Group.[5] In March 2017 its name was changed from National Media Museum to National Science and Media Museum.[6]

Building and admission

Entrance is free, with the exception of cinema screens. The museum is open 10 am until 6 pm every day. The museum underwent a £16 million refurbishment in 1998, developing a new digital technology gallery. This new development created a new glass-fronted atrium, which houses a new cafe and shop.

Galleries

There are seven permanent exhibitions:

Tableau in the Kodak Gallery
  • Kodak Gallery – The Kodak Gallery takes the viewer on a journey through the history of popular photography, from the world's first photographs to the digital snapshots of today. Most of the items on display in the gallery are taken from the museum collection of 35,000 objects and images donated by Kodak.
  • Wonderlab – Explores light and sound through interactive exhibits and live experiments. Opened in 2016, replacing the Experience TV gallery.
  • Life Online – The world's first gallery dedicated to exploring the social, technological and cultural impact of the Internet.
  • BFI Mediatheque – Allows visitors to access the British Film Institute collection of film and television programmes in the BFI National Archive. It replaced TV Heaven, a unique viewing facility where visitors could access an archive of more than 1000 programmes covering sixty years of British television history. TV Heaven closed in 2013 after 20 years, but 50 titles are still available.[7]
  • TV Gallery – Explores the development, significance and cultural impact of television.
  • Animation Gallery – Explores the history of animation and animated images, with an emphasis on animation produced in Britain. Includes how animators bring drawings and objects to life.
Games Lounge
  • Games Lounge – Playable classic games in their original arcade or console formats; the history of video gaming; the story behind this global phenomenon.

Cinemas

Entrance to the IMAX cinema

The museum incorporates the first permanent UK installation of an IMAX cinema[8] (with a second screen opening in the UK 15 years later). Opened in 1983 as part of the Bradford Film Festival with the projector visible from a darkened booth of the 4th floor. Films included IMAX prints of Apollo 13, The Lion King, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and Batman Begins. In 1999, IMAX upgraded the system and began releasing IMAX 3D presentations.[9] In 2015 it was changed to digital projection instead of film.[10] As a result, the IMAX projection booth is no longer visible.

Pictureville Cinema showing curved wide screen

The museum also incorporates the Pictureville Cinema – opened in 1992 and described by David Puttnam as 'the best cinema in the world ',[11] Pictureville Cinema screens everything from 70 mm to video; from Hollywood to Bollywood; from silents to digital sound, with certifications in presentation including THX in sound and picture and the Dolby EX system. In 2008, the cinema presented the only true recorded public screening of Danny Boyle's 2002 film Alien Love Triangle.

Pictureville Cinema is one of only three public cinemas in the world permanently equipped to display original 3-strip 35mm Cinerama prints, and is the only public Cinerama venue in the UK. Cinerama films are screened at the annual Widescreen Weekend film festival.[12]

The Cubby Broccoli Cinema (in memory of Cubby Broccoli, producer of James Bond films), contains 106 seats and is used for a variety of film shows. In 2012, it was one of three venues in the UK to screen the Olympic Opening Ceremony in Super Hi-Vision.[13]

Insight entrance
Insight entrance

Insight

Insight is a facility where members of the public can (by prior booking) view parts of the collections which are not on general display.

Collection

Playschool puppets

The museum's collection contains 3.5 million items of historical, cultural and social value. Notable objects and archives include:

  • The first photographic negative
  • The earliest television footage
  • The world's first colour moving pictures[14]
  • Louis Le Prince's 1888 films Roundhay Garden Scene and Traffic Crossing Leeds Bridge
  • A collection of 35,000 objects and images donated by Kodak Ltd.
  • A collection of around 1,000 historical objects from the BBC[15]
  • The photographic archive of the Daily Herald, comprising millions of images[16]
  • The photographic archive of Tony Ray-Jones[17]
  • Original toys from the BBC series Play School – the first programme on BBC2
  • Objects and designs used in the making of Hammer horror films[18]

The collections are accessible to the public through the museum's Insight study centre.

The collection of the Royal Photographic Society was transferred to the Museum on behalf of the nation in 2003.[19] As of 2017, most of the collection is moving to the Victoria and Albert museum in London.[20] The National Science and Media Museum "will retain collections that help explore the development of photographic processes, such as the Kodak collection; the cultural impact of photography, such as the Daily Herald archive; and archives that have a direct relevance to Bradford."[20]

History

The museum occupies a site originally proposed for a theatre in central Bradford, for which work begun in the 1960s remained unfinished.[21] Resulting from discussions between Dame Margaret Weston of the Science Museum, London and Bradford city councillors,[21] the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television, as it was then called, opened on 16 June 1983. The museum launched Britain’s largest cinema screen, IMAX, five storeys high with six-channel sound, on the same day. During this period the museum specialised in the art and science of images and image-making since Colin Ford, its first director, believed that understanding how images are made led to appreciation of the ideas expressed and the intentions and skills of image-makers. To mark the 50th anniversary of the first public television service, two interactive television galleries were developed in 1986. These allowed visitors to operate cameras on a studio set with programmed sound and lighting, use vision mixers, read a news item from an autocue and discover how chroma keying works.

In 1989, to celebrate the 150th anniversary of photography, the museum launched the Kodak Gallery, a display of the history of photography from its invention. This was followed by the installation of a standard television studio, first used by TV-am for outside broadcasts and, later, Nickelodeon. These studios were the first live broadcasting studios in a museum.

While continuing to run the Pictureville Cinema and exhibitions in a temporary venue on the other side of the city, the museum closed its main site on 31 August 1997 to allow for a 19-month, £16 million redevelopment, making the museum 25% bigger. The IMAX cinema was also developed to show 3D films. The new museum was opened on 16 June 1999 by Pierce Brosnan.

On 1 December 2006, the museum was renamed the National Media Museum and two new £3 million interactive galleries were opened: Experience TV (now replaced by Wonderlab) and TV Heaven (now the BFI Mediatheque), dedicated to the past, present and future of television. The galleries displayed scientific exhibits, such as John Logie Baird's original apparatus, and television ephemera such as Wallace and Gromit and Play School toys. TV Heaven made accessible the museum's collection of television programmes, most of which are not available elsewhere.

In 2009 the museum partnered with other bodies from the Bradford district in a successful bid to become the world's first UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) City of Film.[22]

A major revamp of the foyer was unveiled in February 2010, including a brand new Games Lounge, a new gallery drawing on the National Videogame Archive established in 2008 in partnership with Nottingham Trent University. It was originally intended to be temporary but one in five visitors to the Games Lounge named it as their favourite part of the museum, resulting in the creation of a permanent Lounge in another part of the museum.[23]

In March 2012 the museum opened Life Online, the world's first gallery dedicated to exploring the social, technological and cultural impact of the Internet. The permanent gallery was initially accompanied by a temporary exhibition, [open source]: Is the internet you know under threat? – an exploration of the open source nature of the Internet and the current threats to net neutrality and the continuation of the open source culture.

In October 2014 the museum entered into a partnership with Picturehouse Cinemas with the national chain taking over the running of the three cinema screens in a bid to boost audience figures and revenue. The partnership is designated "Picturehouse at the National Media Museum".[24]

Despite sustained growth in ticket sales,[25] the museum cancelled its participation in the 2015 Bradford International Film Festival[26] and followed up by totally withdrawing from the festival the following year.[27] This move, together with the transfer of a major photographic collection to London's Victoria and Albert Museum, is very controversial.[28][29]

In August 2016, the museum confirmed plans to permanently close their Experience TV gallery on 30 August 2016.[30] The TV collection objects previously on display in Experience TV are now available to view by booking through the Insight centre at the museum.

In March 2017, the museum opened its £1.8 million interactive gallery Wonderlab – which replaces Experience TV – and announced its change of name to the National Science and Media Museum. Wonderlab is based on the principles of light and sound; attractions include a mirror maze, a 15-metre echo tube and a musical laser tunnel, as well as the world’s first permanent 3D-printed zoetrope.[31]

In August 2017, it was announced that Soyuz TMA-19M – the space capsule that brought British astronaut Tim Peake back to Earth after his months-long stint on the International Space Station – would be displayed at the museum in September 2017. This was the first time the capsule had been displayed outside London.[32]

In April 2018 the museum reported 505,000 visits in the 2017/18 financial year, a 25% increase on the previous year and the highest number since 2009.[33]

Past exhibitions

  • Ooh La La! Martin Parr, 1998
  • Donovan Wylie: Losing Ground, 1998
  • Young Meteors: British Photojournalism 1957–1965, 1998
  • ReVisions: An Alternative History of Photography, 1999
  • New Natural History, 1999
  • Birth of the Cool: David Bailey, 1999–2000
  • FutureWorld, 2000
  • A Collector's Choice, 2000
  • Specimens and Marvels: The Work of William Henry Fox Talbot, 2000
  • NOISEGATE by Granular Synthesis, 2000
  • The Art of Star Wars, 2000–2001
  • In a Lonely Place, 2001
  • Symptomatic: Recent Works by Perry Hoberman, 2001
  • Paul Strand: Tir a'Mhurain, 2001–2002
  • Bond, James Bond, 2002
  • Martin Parr: Photographic Works 1971–2000, 2002–2003
  • Unknown Pleasures: Unwrapping the Royal Photographic Society Collection, 2003
  • Fabula, 2003
  • Julia Margaret Cameron: 19th Century Photographer of Genius, 2003
  • GENUS, 2003–2004
  • A Matter of Focus: The Art of Photography 1892–1917, 2003–2004
  • Luc Delahaye: History and Winterreise, 2004
  • Simone Nieweg: Landscapes and Gardens, 2004
  • Everything's Gone Green: Photography and the Garden, 2004
  • Faking It: Between Art Photography and Advertising, 2004
  • A Gentle Madness: The Photographs of Tony Ray-Jones (1941–1972), 2004–2005
  • The Other Side of Football: Hans van der Meer, 2005
  • Forget Me Not: Photography and Remembrance, 2005
  • Fashination, 2005
  • Lifetimes: Portrait Projects by Julian Germain, 2005–2006
  • Raghubir Singh: From One World to Another, 2005–2006
  • Mark Power: A System of Edges, 2006
  • Elliot Erwitt: A Retrospective, 2006
  • A Tale of Two Cities, 2006
  • Myths and Visions: The Art of Ray Harryhausen, 2006
  • The British Landscape: Photographs by John Davies, 2006–2007
  • The Old Order and the New: P.H. Emerson and Photography (1885–1895), 2006–2007
  • Paul Seawright: Field Notes, 2007
  • An-My Lê: Small Wars, 2007
  • The Dawn of Colour: Celebrating the Centenary of the Autochrome, 2007
  • Celebrating Indian Cinema, 2007
  • Extra! Extra! Tales from the Daily Herald Picture Library, 2007
  • Sarah Jones, 2007–2008
  • Henri Cartier-Bresson's Scrapbook: Photographs 1932–1946, 2007
  • Sunny Snaps, 2007
  • Live By the Lens, Die By the Lens, 2008
  • New Works: Pavilion Commissions 2008, 2008–2009
  • Breaking News: Celebrating 140 Years of the Press Association, 2008–2009
  • "Here's one we made earlier..." 50 Years of Blue Peter, 2008–2009
  • Baby: Picturing the Ideal Human, 2009
  • Don McCullin: In England, 2009
  • Animalism, 2009
  • Drawings That Move: The Art of Joanna Quinn, 2009–2010
  • Neeta Madahar, 2009–2010
  • Robbie Cooper: Immersion, 2010
  • Simon Roberts: We English, 2010
  • Fay Godwin: Land Revisited, 2010–2011
  • From Back Home, 2010–2011
  • The Lives of Great Photographers, 2011
  • David Spero: Churches, 2011
  • Daniel Meadows: Early Photographic Works, 2011–2012
  • Outposts: Donovan Wylie, 2011–2012
  • In the Blink of an Eye, 2012
  • Art of Arrangement: Photography and the Still Life Tradition, 2012–2013
  • [open source]: Is the internet you know under threat?, 2012–2013
  • Moving Stories: Children's Books from Page to Screen, 2013
  • Bollywood Icons −100 Years of Indian Cinema, 2013
  • Tom Wood: Photographs 1973–2013, 2013
  • Copper Horses by Chris Harrison, 2013–2014
  • Doctor Who and Me, 2013–2014
  • Nature, Camera, Action!, 2014
  • Open for Business, 2014
  • Only in England: Photographs by Tony Ray-Jones and Martin Parr, 2014
  • Joan Fontcuberta: Stranger than Fiction, 2014–2015
  • Light Fantastic: Adventures in the Science of Light, 2015
  • Drawn by Light: The Royal Photographic Society Collection, 2015
  • Revelations: Experiments in Photography, 2015–2016
  • Star Wars: The Fans Awaken, 2015–2016
  • Great Interactions: Photographs by Polly Braden, 2016
  • Gathered Leaves: Photographs by Alec Soth, 2016
  • In Your Face, 2016
  • El Salvador: Between Revolution and War, 2016
  • Fox Talbot: Dawn of the Photograph, 2016–2017
  • Britain in Focus: A Photographic History, 2017
  • Poetics of Light: Pinhole Photography, 2017
  • Supersenses, 2017
  • Soyuz TMA-19M: Tim Peake’s Spacecraft, 2017
  • Fake News, 2017–2018
  • City Girls, 2017–2018
  • Thresholds and Immersion, 2018

Current festival programme

Widescreen Weekend

This event began as part of Bradford International Film Festival and has been expanded into a 4-day standalone film festival. It takes place every October and focuses on large-screen formats and cinema technologies. It includes 70mm and Cinerama screenings.[34]

Yorkshire Games Festival

This video game festival began in 2016. It celebrates games culture, design and production, and includes a conference programme as well as a weekend of events for families. It takes place every November. Guests at the first Yorkshire Games Festival included John Romero, Rhianna Pratchett, Charles Cecil, Warren Spector (via live video link), Brenda Romero, and presenters of The Yogscast.[35]

Bradford Science Festival

This family science festival was first held in 2012, but was cancelled in 2016 after the previous organisers no longer had the capacity to carry it on. The museum took over the festival in 2017, in partnership with organisations including the University of Bradford, Bradford Council and Bradford College.[36]

Discontinued film festivals

The museum organised and held four major film events every year: Bradford International Film Festival, Bradford Animation Festival, Bite the Mango and Fantastic Films Weekend. These attracted international speakers and new and classic works from around the world. All four festivals were eventually cancelled by the museum.

Bradford International Film Festival

From its inception in 1995, Bradford International Film Festival (BIFF) presented new and classic films from around the world. The Festival presented films in their original formats wherever possible, and existed to develop understanding of the art and science of the moving image by hosting innovators in many fields of filmmaking.

BIFF included the Shine Awards – which highlighting the work of new European directors, a Filmmakers Weekend designed to offer guidance and support to filmmakers in the north of England, and the Widescreen Weekend, which discussed film formats including Cinerama, VistaVision, 70 mm and IMAX.

Guests at Bradford International Film Festival included Riz Ahmed, Jenny Agutter, Michael Apted, David Arnold, Thomas Arslan, Ken Annakin, Olivier Assayas, Richard Attenborough, Simon Beaufoy, Alan Bennett, James Benning, Claire Bloom, Kenneth Branagh, Adam Buxton, Jack Cardiff, Ian Carmichael, Gurinder Chadha, Tom Courtenay, Mark Cousins, Alex Cox, Brian Cox, Benedict Cumberbatch, Terence Davies, Michael Deeley, Denis Dercourt, The Dodge Brothers, James Ellis, Mike Figgis, Freddie Francis, Terry Gilliam, Stephen Graham, Richard Griffiths, Ronald Harwood, Mike Hodges, Joanna Hogg, John Hurt, Derek Jacobi, Gualtiero Jacopetti, Terry Jones, Patrick Keiller, Mark Kermode, Mike Leigh, Euan Lloyd, Ken Loach, Malcolm McDowell, Virginia McKenna, Fernando Meirelles, Kay Mellor, Metamono, Chris Morris, Barry Norman, Michael Palin, Pawel Pawlikowski, Christian Petzold, Sally Potter, Godfrey Reggio, Menelik Shabazz, John Shuttleworth, Jean Simmons, Timothy Spall, Imelda Staunton, Eric Sykes, Julien Temple, Alex Thomson, Richard Todd, Danny Trejo, Roy Ward Baker, Peter Whitehead, Michael G. Wilson, Barbara Windsor, Ray Winstone, Stephen Woolley, Thierry Zéno and many independent filmmakers from around the world.

Other special programmes included Bradford After Dark (new horror films), Alexey Balabanov, Stan Brakhage, Richard Burton, new Canadian cinema, Pierre Clementi, Alexander Dovzhenko, Hauntology, a centenary of Indian cinema, Chuck Jones, James Mason, Yoshitaro Nomura, Nicolas Roeg, sixpackfilm, American Teen Movies, Uncharted States of America (undiscovered American Cinema), Amos Vogel, and the science films of Charles Urban.[37]

Bradford Animation Festival

The animation and video games festival was the UK's leading event of its kind; host to discussions, workshops and special events. The annual BAF Awards honoured new animation from around the world.

Past guests include representatives from studios such as Pixar, Aardman, Weta Workshops and Sony Interactive plus animators Ray Harryhausen, Richard Williams, Bob Godfrey, Caroline Leaf, Michael Dudok de Wit and Bill Plympton.

After the museum ended the festival following its 20th edition in 2014, former museum staff successfully revived the event in Manchester in November 2015 as Manchester Animation Festival.

Fantastic Films Weekend

This festival began in 2002 as a weekend event focusing on classic ghost stories and the supernatural. It developed into an annual celebration of horror, fantasy and sci-fi cinema and television. In February 2013 it was announced that the Fantastic Films Weekend would not continue.[38]

References

  1. ^ "Visits made in 2017 to visitor attractions in membership with ALVA". Association of Leading Visitor Attractions. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
  2. ^ "Bradford museum is voted third best attraction". Bradford Telegraph and Argus. 21 September 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  3. ^ "National Media Museum visitor numbers continue to fall". 4 July 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2012.
  4. ^ Quinton-Tulloch, Jo My Message to Bradford Archived 28 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine Museum Director, at blog.nationalmediamuseum.org.uk, 4 February 2016
  5. ^ "Museum to benefit from £7.5 million investment plans over 5 years - National Science and Media Museum". www.nationalmediamuseum.org.uk.
  6. ^ "Bradford's National Media Museum changes its name". BBC News, 9 March 2017. Accessed 29 March 2017
  7. ^ bfi-mediatheques Archived 16 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine National Media Museum Bradford
  8. ^ Museum Future and History Archived 19 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine (ASP). National Media Museum. Bradford, England. Retrieved on 17 December 2009. "First IMAX Cinema in Britain: 1983 the Museum launched one of its biggest attractions: Britain’s largest cinema screen, IMAX." "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 19 September 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ^ "Movie heaven right here in Bradford". Telegraph & Argus. 26 June 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
  10. ^ Winrow, Jo (18 August 2015). "Eye-opening spectacle as new IMAX screen is delivered through roof of National Media Museum". Retrieved 18 September 2017.
  11. ^ "Picturehouse at NSMM - Cinema - Bradford-West Yorkshire". www.visitbradford.com.
  12. ^ "Cinerama in the UK: The history of 3-strip cinema in Pictureville Cinema". National Science and Media Museum blog. 11 July 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  13. ^ Zubrzycki, John (1 August 2012). "The Olympics in Super Hi-Vision". BBC Research & Development blog. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  14. ^ "World's first colour moving pictures discovered". BBC News. 12 September 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  15. ^ "BBC donates historical collection to National Media Museum to mark 90th anniversary". BBC Media Centre. 12 November 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  16. ^ "The Daily Herald Archive: A historic photography collection from the world of print journalism". National Science and Media Museum blog. 27 May 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  17. ^ "An important photographic archive and an innovative collaboration". National Science and Media Museum blog. 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  18. ^ "Hammer Horror Collection at the National Media Museum". National Science and Media Museum on YouTube. 30 May 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
  19. ^ "Record grant creates world-class photography archive". The Independent. London. 10 June 2002. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
  20. ^ a b Brown, Mark (1 February 2016). "V&A to hold world's largest collection on art of photography". the Guardian. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  21. ^ a b Bell, John (1983). The Flash, Bang, Wallop Show. New Scientist. p. 961.
  22. ^ "Bradford wins Unesco City of Film award". The Guardian. 12 June 2009. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  23. ^ Maldonado, Adrián Medium Archaeology Part 1: Beyond TV Typology at the National Media Museum at almostarchaeology.com, 13 January 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016
  24. ^ "Cinema chain takes over operation of National Media Museum's three screens". 29 September 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  25. ^ "Concern over future of Bradford International Film Festival". 24 July 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  26. ^ Bradford International Film Festival cancelled for 2015. BBC News, Leeds & West Yorkshire, 23 July 2014. Retrieved 18 February 2016
  27. ^ National Media Museum axes Bradford International Film Festival. BBC News, Leeds & West Yorkshire, 4 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016
  28. ^ Furness, Hannah V&A accused of 'cultural rape' after Bradford museum loses photo collection. The Telegraph, 2 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016
  29. ^ Wilde, Claire, CUT! Anger and concern as Media Museum abandons Bradford International Film Festival. Telegraph & Argus, 4 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016
  30. ^ The Telegraph and Argus 13 August 2016 Last chance to experience TV relics from the past, ahead of £1.8m new gallery at National Media Museum
  31. ^ Wilde, Claire, New attraction at National Science and Media Museum is a '£2m vote of confidence for Bradford' says Lord Grade. Telegraph & Argus, 23 March 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017
  32. ^ Tim Peake's Space capsule to touch down at National Science and Media Museum. Telegraph & Argus, 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017
  33. ^ Museum experiences best visitor numbers since 2009. Telegraph & Argus, 25 April 2018. Retrieved 8 August 2018
  34. ^ "Widescreen Weekend". National Science and Media Museum. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
  35. ^ "Yorkshire Games Festival". National Science and Media Museum. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
  36. ^ "Bradford to host big science festival with fun events planned for city centre". Telegraph & Argus. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
  37. ^ http://www.nationalmediamuseum.org.uk/bradfordinternationalfilmfestival/aboutpages/archive
  38. ^ "Farewell Fantastic Films Weekend". National Media Museum Blog. Retrieved 9 February 2013.

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