Normandy format
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Normandy format (French: Format Normandie), also known as the Normandy contact group,[1], or the Normandy Four, is a diplomatic group of senior representatives of the four countries (Germany, Russia, Ukraine and France) to resolve the situation in the East of Ukraine.[2]
The group was created on June 6, 2014, when France, Germany, Russia, and Ukraine leaders met on the margins of the 70th anniversary of the D-Day allied landings in Normandy.[3]
It operates mainly through telephone calls between the leaders and their respective ministers of foreign affairs. The Normandy Format has sometimes been expanded to include Italy and the UK.[4][5]
Contents
Meetings[edit]
Château de Bénouville, Normandy, France — 6 June 2014 — the first meeting in celebration of the 70th anniversary of Operation Overlord
Milan, Italy — 16–17 October 2014 — as part of Asia-Europe Meeting[6]
Minsk, Belarus — 11–12 February 2015 — Minsk II was signed- Paris, France — 2 October 2015
Berlin, Germany — 19 October 2016
Participants[edit]
Heads of state/government[edit]
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Ministers of Foreign Affairs[edit]
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See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Brewster, Murray (11 September 2016). "Friends and foes alike don't see Canada as unbiased on Ukraine, experts say". CBC News. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- ^ "Russia's Putin says supports future Normandy format talks on Ukraine". news.trust.org. Thomson Reuters Foundation. 5 September 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- ^ "The Impact of the Normandy Format on the Conflict in Ukraine: Four Leaders, Three Cease-fires, and Two Summits | Center for Strategic and International Studies". www.csis.org. Retrieved 2017-05-02.
- ^ "Accepting joint responsibility". bundesregierung.de. German government. 17 October 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Accepting joint responsibility". bundesregierung.de. German government. 17 October 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
Categories:
- Ukrainian crisis
- 21st-century diplomatic conferences
- National security
- 2014 in politics
- 2015 in politics
- 2016 in politics
- 2014 in international relations
- 2015 in international relations
- 2016 in international relations
- Foreign relations of Russia
- Foreign relations of Ukraine
- Foreign relations of France
- Foreign relations of Germany
- François Hollande
- Angela Merkel
- Vladimir Putin
- Russia–Ukraine relations
