Ophiocordyceps
| Ophiocordyceps | |
|---|---|
| |
| Dead ants infected with Ophiocordyceps unilateralis | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Division: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | Ophiocordyceps Petch (1931)
|
| Type species | |
| Ophiocordyceps blattae (Petch) Petch (1931)
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Cordycepioideus Stifler (1941) | |
Ophiocordyceps is a genus of fungi within the family Ophiocordycipitaceae.[2] The widespread genus, first described scientifically by British mycologist Tom Petch in 1931,[3] contains about 140 species that grow on insects.[4] Anamorphic genera that correspond with Ophiocordyceps species are Hirsutella, Hymenostilbe, Isaria, Paraisaria, and Syngliocladium.[5]
One species complex, Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, is known for its parasitism on ants, in which it alters the behavior of the ants in such a way as to propagate itself more effectively, killing the ant and then growing its fruiting bodies from the ant's head and releasing its spores.[6][7]
Species
- Ophiocordyceps acicularis
- Ophiocordyceps agriotidis
- Ophiocordyceps ainictos
- Ophiocordyceps amazonica
- Ophiocordyceps amazonica var. neoamazonica
- Ophiocordyceps aphodii
- Ophiocordyceps appendiculata
- Ophiocordyceps arachneicola
- Ophiocordyceps araracuarensis
- Ophiocordyceps arbuscula
- Ophiocordyceps armeniaca
- Ophiocordyceps asyuënsis
- Ophiocordyceps aurantia
- Ophiocordyceps australis
- Ophiocordyceps barnesii
- Ophiocordyceps bicephala
- Ophiocordyceps brunneipunctata
- Ophiocordyceps bispora
- Ophiocordyceps blattae
- Ophiocordyceps blattarioides
- Ophiocordyceps caloceroides
- Ophiocordyceps camponoti-balzani
- Ophiocordyceps camponoti-melanotici
- Ophiocordyceps camponoti-novogranadensis
- Ophiocordyceps camponoti-rufipedis
- Ophiocordyceps cantharelloides
- Ophiocordyceps carabidicola
- Ophiocordyceps cicadicola
- Ophiocordyceps clavata
- Ophiocordyceps clavulata
- Ophiocordyceps coccidiicola
- Ophiocordyceps coccigena
- Ophiocordyceps cochlidiicola
- Ophiocordyceps communis
- Ophiocordyceps corallomyces
- Ophiocordyceps crassispora
- Ophiocordyceps crinalis
- Ophiocordyceps cuboidea
- Ophiocordyceps cucumispora
- Ophiocordyceps cucumispora var. dolichoderi
- Ophiocordyceps curculionum
- Ophiocordyceps cylindrostromata
- Ophiocordyceps dayiensis
- Ophiocordyceps dermapterigena
- Ophiocordyceps dipterigena
- Ophiocordyceps discoideicapitata
- Ophiocordyceps ditmarii
- Ophiocordyceps dovei
- Ophiocordyceps elateridicola
- Ophiocordyceps elongata
- Ophiocordyceps elongatiperitheciata
- Ophiocordyceps elongatistromata
- Ophiocordyceps emeiensis
- Ophiocordyceps engleriana
- Ophiocordyceps entomorrhiza
- Ophiocordyceps evansii
- Ophiocordyceps evdogeorgiae
- Ophiocordyceps falcata
- Ophiocordyceps falcatoides
- Ophiocordyceps fasciculatistromata
- Ophiocordyceps ferruginosa
- Ophiocordyceps filiformis
- Ophiocordyceps formicarum
- Ophiocordyceps forquignonii
- Ophiocordyceps fulgoromorphila
- Ophiocordyceps furcicaudata
- Ophiocordyceps gansuënsis
- Ophiocordyceps geniculata
- Ophiocordyceps gentilis
- Ophiocordyceps glaziovii
- Ophiocordyceps goniophora
- Ophiocordyceps gracilioides
- Ophiocordyceps gracilis
- Ophiocordyceps gryllotalpae
- Ophiocordyceps halabalaensis
- Ophiocordyceps heteropoda
- Ophiocordyceps hirsutellae
- Ophiocordyceps hiugensis
- Ophiocordyceps huberiana
- Ophiocordyceps humbertii
- Ophiocordyceps insignis
- Ophiocordyceps irangiensis
- Ophiocordyceps japonensis
- Ophiocordyceps jiangxiensis
- Ophiocordyceps jinggangshanensis
- Ophiocordyceps kangdingensis
- Ophiocordyceps kniphofioides
- Ophiocordyceps kniphofioides var. dolichoderi
- Ophiocordyceps kniphofioides var. monacidis
- Ophiocordyceps kniphofioides var. ponerinarum
- Ophiocordyceps koningsbergeri
- Ophiocordyceps konnoana
- Ophiocordyceps lachnopoda
- Ophiocordyceps laojunshanensis
- Ophiocordyceps larvarum
- Ophiocordyceps larvicola
- Ophiocordyceps lloydii
- Ophiocordyceps lloydii var. binata
- Ophiocordyceps longissima
- Ophiocordyceps lutea
- Ophiocordyceps macularis
- Ophiocordyceps melolonthae
- Ophiocordyceps melolonthae var. rickii
- Ophiocordyceps michiganensis
- Ophiocordyceps minutissima
- Ophiocordyceps monticola
- Ophiocordyceps mrciensis
- Ophiocordyceps multiaxialis
- Ophiocordyceps myrmecophila
- Ophiocordyceps neovolkiana
- Ophiocordyceps nepalensis
- Ophiocordyceps nigra
- Ophiocordyceps nigrella
- Ophiocordyceps nigripes
- Ophiocordyceps nutans
- Ophiocordyceps obtusa
- Ophiocordyceps octospora
- Ophiocordyceps odonatae
- Ophiocordyceps osuzumontana
- Ophiocordyceps owariensis
- Ophiocordyceps owariensis f. viridescens
- Ophiocordyceps oxycephala
- Ophiocordyceps paludosa
- Ophiocordyceps paracuboidea
- Ophiocordyceps pentatomae
- Ophiocordyceps petchii
- Ophiocordyceps proliferans
- Ophiocordyceps prolifica
- Ophiocordyceps pruinosa
- Ophiocordyceps pseudolloydii
- Ophiocordyceps pseudolongissima
- Ophiocordyceps pulvinata
- Ophiocordyceps purpureostromata
- Ophiocordyceps purpureostromata f. recurvata
- Ophiocordyceps ravenelii
- Ophiocordyceps rhizoidea
- Ophiocordyceps ridleyi
- Ophiocordyceps robertsii
- Ophiocordyceps rubripunctata
- Ophiocordyceps rubiginosiperitheciata
- Ophiocordyceps ryogamiensis
- Ophiocordyceps salebrosa
- Ophiocordyceps scottiana
- Ophiocordyceps selkirkii
- Ophiocordyceps sichuanensis
- Ophiocordyceps smithii
- Ophiocordyceps sobolifera
- Ophiocordyceps sinensis
- Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala
- Ophiocordyceps stipillata
- Ophiocordyceps stylophora
- Ophiocordyceps subflavida
- Ophiocordyceps subunilateralis
- Ophiocordyceps superficialis
- Ophiocordyceps superficialis f. crustacea
- Ophiocordyceps takaoënsis
- Ophiocordyceps taylorii
- Ophiocordyceps thyrsoides
- Ophiocordyceps tiputini
- Ophiocordyceps tricentri
- Ophiocordyceps truncata
- Ophiocordyceps uchiyamae
- Ophiocordyceps unilateralis
- Ophiocordyceps unilateralis var. clavata
- Ophiocordyceps variabilis
- Ophiocordyceps voeltzkowii
- Ophiocordyceps volkiana
- Ophiocordyceps wuyishanensis
- Ophiocordyceps yakusimensis
- Ophiocordyceps zhangjiajiensis
References
- ^ "Ophiocordyceps Petch 1931". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
- ^ Lumbsch TH, Huhndorf SM (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet. 13. Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany: 1–58.
- ^ Petch T. (1931). "Notes on entomogenous fungi". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 16 (1): 55–75. doi:10.1016/S0007-1536(31)80006-3.
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 483. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ^ Sung G-H, Hywel-Jones NL, Sung J-M, Luangsa-ard JJ, Shrestha B, Spatafora JW (2007). "Phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous fungi". Studies in Mycology. 57: 5–59. doi:10.3114/sim.2007.57.01. PMC 2104736. PMID 18490993.
- ^ In Fossilized Leaf, Clues to a Zombie Ant, by Sindya N Bhanoo New York Times 24 August 2010
- ^
H. C. Evans; Simon L. Elliot; David P. Hughes (2011). "Hidden Diversity Behind the Zombie-Ant Fungus Ophiocordyceps unilateralis: Four New Species Described from Carpenter Ants in Minas Gerais, Brazil". PLoS ONE. 6 (3): e17024. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017024. PMC 3047535. PMID 21399679. Retrieved 2013-05-01.
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