Otto Redlich
Otto Redlich | |
|---|---|
| Born | November 4, 1896 |
| Died | August 14, 1978 (aged 81) |
| Nationality | Austrian, later American |
| Alma mater | University of Vienna |
| Known for | Redlich-Kwong equation Teller-Redlich rule |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | physical chemist |
| Institutions | University of Vienna, Washington State College Shell Development Co., University of California, Berkeley |
Otto Redlich (November 4, 1896 – August 14, 1978) was an Austrian physical chemist who is best known for his development of equations of state like the Redlich-Kwong equation.[1][2] Redlich also made numerous other contributions to science. He won the Haitinger Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 1932.[1]
Biography[edit]
Redlich was born 1896 in Vienna, Austria. He went to school in the Döbling district of Vienna. After finishing school in 1915 he joined the Austrian Hungarian Army and served as an artillery officer, mainly at the Italian front, in World War I. He was wounded and became a prisoner of war in August 1918. He returned to Vienna after the war in 1919. He studied chemistry and received his doctorate in 1922 for work on the equilibrium of nitric acid, nitrous and nitric oxide. Redlich worked for one year in industry before joining Emil Abel at the University of Vienna. He became a lecturer in 1929 and a professor in 1937. During this time he developed the Teller-Redlich isotopic product rule.[3][4][5] After the Anschluss in March 1938, Austria became a part of Nazi Germany, and with the implementation of the Nuremberg Laws all government employed Jews lost their jobs, including academics. Like many other scientists, Redlich tried to leave Nazi-governed Austria.[1][2]
With the help of the Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced Foreign Scholars, Redlich was able to emigrate to the United States in December 1938. He gave lectures at several universities and met Gilbert N. Lewis and Linus Pauling. Harold Urey helped him to obtain a position in Washington State College. In 1945 he left the college to work in industry, at Shell Development Co. in Emeryville, California. He published his paper on the improvement of the ideal gas equation in 1949, today known as the Redlich–Kwong equation of state.[6]
In 1962 Redlich retired from Shell and received a position at University of California at Berkeley. He died in California in 1978.[1][2]
Bibliography[edit]
- Redlich, Otto (1976). Thermodynamics: Fundamentals, Applications. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-444-41487-8.
- Reif-Acherman, Simón (2008). "Otto Redlich: chemist and gentleman from the 'old school'". Química Nova. 31 (7): 1901–1908. doi:10.1590/S0100-40422008000700053.
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d Reif-Acherman, Simón (2008). "Otto Redlich: chemist and gentleman from the 'old school'". Química Nova. 31 (7): 1901–1908. doi:10.1590/S0100-40422008000700053.
- ^ a b c "Otto Redlich, 1896–1978: In memory and appreciation". Fluid Phase Equilibria. 12 (1–2): 1–9. January 1983. doi:10.1016/0378-3812(83)85010-9.
- ^ Redlich, Otto (1 January 1935). "Eine allgemeine Beziehung zwischen den Schwingungsfrequenzen isotoper Molekeln" [A general relationship between the vibrational frequencies of isotopic molecules]. Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (in German). 28B (1): 371–382. doi:10.1515/zpch-1935-2834. S2CID 100185195.
- ^ Schaad, L.J.; Bytautas, Laimutis; Houk, K.N. (1999). "Ab initio test of the usefulness of the Redlich-Teller product rule in computing kinetic isotope effects". Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 77 (5–6): 875–878. doi:10.1139/CJC-77-5-6-875.
- ^ Angus, W. R.; Bailey, C. R.; Hale, J. B.; Ingold, C. K.; Leckie, A. H.; Raisin, C. G.; Thompson, J. W.; Wilson, C. L. (1936). "218. Structure of benzene. Part VIII. Assignment of vibration frequencies of benzene and hexadeuterobenzene". Journal of the Chemical Society: 971. doi:10.1039/JR9360000971.
- ^ Redlich, Otto.; Kwong, J. N. S. (February 1949). "On the Thermodynamics of Solutions. V. An Equation of State. Fugacities of Gaseous Solutions". Chemical Reviews. 44 (1): 233–244. doi:10.1021/cr60137a013. PMID 18125401.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
- Jewish emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss to the United States
- Washington State University faculty
- Academic staff of the University of Vienna
- University of California, Berkeley faculty
- Jewish American scientists
- Scientists from Vienna
- Thermodynamicists
- Austrian physical chemists
- American physical chemists
- 1978 deaths
- 1896 births
- Austrian chemical engineers
- American chemical engineers
- 20th-century American engineers
- 20th-century American Jews
- 20th-century American chemists