Portal:Édouard Manet
Portal maintenance status: (October 2018)
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Introduction
Édouard Manet (US: /mæˈneɪ,
Born into an upper-class household with strong political connections, Manet rejected the future originally envisioned for him, and became engrossed in the world of painting. His early masterworks, The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe) and Olympia, both 1863, caused great controversy and served as rallying points for the young painters who would create Impressionism. Today, these are considered watershed paintings that mark the start of modern art. The last 20 years of Manet's life saw him form bonds with other great artists of the time, and develop his own style that would be heralded as innovative and serve as a major influence for future painters.
Selected general articles
The Spanish Singer is an 1860 oil painting on canvas by the French painter Édouard Manet, conserved since 1949 at the Metropolitan Museum of Art of New York.
Composed in Manet's studio, it employed a model and props which were later used for at least one other painting. This work, both realistic and exotic in its depiction of its subject, exhibits the influence of Spanish art, especially that of Diego Velázquez, on Manet's style. Manet, due to this painting, was accepted for the first time at the Salon of Paris in 1861, where he also exhibited a portrait of his parents. Read more...
Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets (French: Berthe Morisot au bouquet de violettes) is an 1872 oil painting by Édouard Manet. It depicts fellow painter Berthe Morisot dressed in black mourning dress, with a barely visible bouquet of violets. The painting, sometimes known as Portrait of Berthe Morisot, Berthe Morisot in a black hat or Young woman in a black hat, is in the collection of the Musée d'Orsay in Paris. Manet also created an etching and two lithographs of the same composition. Read more...
The Battle of the Kearsarge and the Alabama is an 1864 oil painting by Édouard Manet. The painting commemorates the Battle of Cherbourg of 1864, a naval engagement between the Union cruiser USS Kearsarge and the Confederate raider CSS Alabama. Many spectators were able to see the battle from the coast of France and saw that the USS Kearsarge sank the CSS Alabama. Not having witnessed the battle himself, Manet relied on press descriptions of the fight to document his work. Within one month of this battle, Manet had already completed this painting and got it on display in the print shop of Alfred Cadart in Paris.
In 1872, Barbey d'Aurevilly stated that the painting was a "magnificiant marine painting" and that "the sea ... is more frightening than the battle". It was hung at Alfred Cadart's and was praised by the critic Philippe Burty. Read more...
Music in the Tuileries is an 1862 painting by Édouard Manet. It is jointly owned by the National Gallery, London and The Hugh Lane, Dublin. It currently hangs in the National Gallery in London.
The work is an early example of Manet's painterly style, inspired by Frans Hals and Diego Velázquez, and it is a harbinger of his lifelong interest in the subject of leisure. The painting influenced Manet's contemporaries – such as Monet, Renoir and Bazille – to paint similar large groups of people. Read more...
Victorine-Louise Meurent (also Meurant) (February 18, 1844 – March 17, 1927) was a French painter and a famous model for painters.
Although she is best known as the favourite model of Édouard Manet, she was also an artist in her own right who regularly exhibited at the prestigious Paris Salon. In 1876 her paintings were selected for inclusion at the Salon's juried exhibition, when Manet's work was not. Read more...- The Impressionists is a 2006 three-part factual docudrama from the BBC, which reconstructs the origins of the Impressionist art movement. Based on archive letters, records and interviews from the time, the series records the lives of the artists who were to transform the art world. Read more...
The Races at Longchamp is an 1866 painting by the French artist Édouard Manet. The Impressionist painting depicts a horse racing at Longchamp and is currently conserved at the Art Institute of Chicago. It has been exhibited many times, the first one at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris in January 1884.
The work is particularly innovative. About the painting, the Art Institute of Chicago said it "is startling. We find ourselves on the racecourse with a cluster of onrushing horses and jockeys bearing directly down on us. With a few judicious exceptions—the vertical starting post left of center; the crisp rectangle of the viewing-stand roof at the right—everything is blurred, a device that heightens the sense of explosive movement of the galloping horses." Read more...
Self-Portrait with Palette (French: Autoportrait à la palette) is an 1878–79 oil-on-canvas painting by the French artist Édouard Manet. This late impressionistic work is one of his two self-portraits. Velasquez's self-portrait in Las Meninas was a particular inspiration for Manet's painting which despite its allusion to the previous artist's work is very modern in its focus upon the personality of the artist and loose paint handling.
A long series of prominent collectors have owned this painting. Most recently, it sold for $29.48 million at Sotheby's on 22 June 2010. Read more...
Portrait of Émile Zola is a painting of Émile Zola by Édouard Manet. Manet submitted the portrait to the 1868 Salon.
At this time Zola was known for his art criticism, and perhaps particularly as the writer of the novel Thérèse Raquin. This told the story of an adulterous affair between Thérèse, the wife of a clerk in a railway company, and a would-be painter named Laurent, whose work, rather like that of Zola's friend Paul Cézanne, is denigrated by the critics. In the eleventh chapter the milieu of Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe is evoked, in the murder scene, where Camille, the husband, goes out for the day with his wife and her lover to Saint-Ouen. Read more...
Portrait of Countess Albazzi, a painting by Édouard Manet, became a part of the Thannhauser Collection of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum as a bequest of Hilde Thannhauser.
This portrait by Manet is a pastel executed on a very fine canvas stretched over wood. Off-white priming was used, the pastel is friable, and there are a number of tiny losses throughout the surface of the canvas. Read more...
Édouard Manet, The Absinthe Drinker, c.1859
The Absinthe Drinker (French: Le Buveur d'absinthe) is an early painting by Édouard Manet, c.1859, considered to be his first major painting and first original work.
Manet became a student in the studio of Thomas Couture from 1850 but grew to dislike his master's Salon style and thereafter set up his own studio in 1856. Little of Manet's earliest work survives and much may have been destroyed by Manet himself. Read more...
Chez Tortoni is a painting by the French artist Édouard Manet, painted ca. 1878–1880. The oil-on-canvas painting measures 26 by 34 centimetres (10 in × 13 in). The painting hung in the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, prior to being stolen in 1990. Read more...
Dead Eagle Owl
Édouard Manet, 1881
97 × 64 cm
Oil on canvas
Foundation E.G. Bührle, Zurich
Dead Eagle Owl (French: Le Grand-duc) is an 1881 oil-on-canvas painting by Édouard Manet. One of the very few hunting still lifes in Manet's oeuvre, it depicts a dead Eurasian eagle-owl hanging upside down on a board as a hunting trophy. Dead Eagle Owl is one of a series of comparable still lifes that Manet painted in the same year in Versailles, during his recuperation from a serious illness. There are precedents for this morbid work in French still-life painting of the 18th century and Dutch still-life painting of the 17th century (i.e. Chardin and Weenix). The painting is in the collection of the Foundation E.G. Bührle in Zurich. Read more...
Boy Carrying a Sword is an 1861 oil painting by the French artist Édouard Manet and is now displayed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. The work depicts a small boy costumed as a page of the Spanish court of the seventeenth century; he is holding a full-sized sword and sword belt. The work was later reproduced as an engraving under the direction of Dijon painter and etcher Alphonse Legros who collaborated in the work.
According to Émile Zola, the work is typical of the influence of Spanish painters and shows the strong influence Diego Velázquez and Frans Hals had on Manet at the time. Read more...
The Plum (French: La Prune), or Plum Brandy, is an oil painting by Édouard Manet. It is undated but thought to have been painted about 1877.
The painting is a study in loneliness, depicting a quiet, almost melancholy, scene of a young working girl seated in a café. The subject is viewed from nearby, perhaps by another seated customer. She may be a prostitute waiting for a client, or possibly a shop worker hoping for some conversation. On the table is a plum soaked in brandy, a speciality of Parisian cafés at the time (originally painted as a glass of beer), which gives the painting its title. She may be waiting for a waiter to bring a spoon to eat her plum. The plum may be a reference to the woman's sexuality, as the fruit was later used in James Joyce's Ulysses. She leans forward, with her cheek resting on her right hand, and her right elbow on the marble tabletop, looking into the distance with a blank pensive look. Her left hand rests on the table holding an unlit cigarette. She wears a pink dress with embroidered cuffs, a white jabot, and a black hat trimmed with silk and lace. Her head is framed by the decorative grille behind her, above the red upholstered banquette on which she sits. Read more...
The Café-Concert is an 1879 painting by the French painter Édouard Manet, who often captured café scenes depicting social life at the end of the nineteenth century similar to those depicted in this painting. Read more...
This is a list of some of the more well-known paintings of French artist Édouard Manet (1832–1883).{| class="wikitable sortable"
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| || The Absinthe Drinker || 1859 || 180.5 × 105.6 cm || Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek (Copenhagen)
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| Read more...
The Old Musician is an 1862 oil painting on canvas by French painter Édouard Manet, produced during the period when the artist was influenced by Spanish art. The painting also betrays the influence of Gustave Courbet. This work is one of Manet's largest paintings and is now conserved at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC.
The painting is composed of seven characters in a landscape. The old musician in the center who is preparing to play the violin is Jean Lagrène, the leader of a local gypsy band. To the left is a young girl standing with a baby in her arms, as well as two young boys. In the background, the man in the top hat is the rag picker and ironmonger Colardet. At the right, the Oriental man (partly shown) with a turban and a long robe, represents Guéroult, a "wandering Jew". Attitudes and clothes of the characters seem to be inspired by Diego Velázquez or Louis Le Nain. Read more...
Suzanne Manet (UK: /ˈmæneɪ/, US: /mæˈneɪ,mə-/; born Suzanne Leenhoff; 30 October 1829 – 8 March 1906) was a Dutch-born pianist and the wife of the painter Édouard Manet, for whom she frequently modeled. Read more... - A Bar at the Folies-Bergère (French: Un bar aux Folies Bergère), painted and exhibited at the Paris Salon in 1882, is considered the last major work of French painter Édouard Manet. It depicts a scene in the Folies Bergère nightclub in Paris. The painting originally belonged to the composer Emmanuel Chabrier, who was a close friend of Manet. Chabrier hung it over his piano. The painting is currently in the Courtauld Gallery in London. Read more...
Luncheon in the Studio (or The Luncheon) is an 1868 oil painting by Édouard Manet. Partially a portrait of 16-year-old Léon Leenhoff — the son of Suzanne Leenhoff before her 1863 marriage to Manet, and possibly the son of Manet or Manet's father Auguste — it is also an enigmatic work that has received limited attention within Manet's oeuvre. Critic Nan Stalnaker notes that "despite continued questions about its meaning, the work is acknowledged to be brilliantly painted and a major Manet work". Read more...
Le Suicidé is a small oil painting by Édouard Manet, completed between 1877 and 1881. The painting has been little studied within Manet's oeuvre, as if art historians have had difficulty finding a place for the work within the development of Manet's art.
The pictorial content of the painting is limited to a man who appears to have just shot himself—still holding a gun while slouched on a bed—and a few pieces of furniture. Manet has removed the trappings of earlier depictions of suicide, and provided next to no narrative content or "moralizing tendency". Ulrike Ilg associates the painting with the realism of Gustave Courbet, noting that Courbet also used a depiction of death in his Burial at Ornans (1849–50), a work that Courbet later described as the beginning of his new artistic approach. Read more...- The Execution of Emperor Maximilian is a series of paintings by Édouard Manet from 1867 to 1869, depicting the execution by firing squad of Emperor Maximilian I of the short-lived Second Mexican Empire. Manet produced three large oil paintings, a smaller oil sketch and a lithograph of the same subject. All five works were brought together for an exhibition in London and Mannheim in 1992–1993 and at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 2006. Read more...
The Fifer or Young Flautist is a painting by French painter Édouard Manet, made in 1866. It is usually kept in the Musée d'Orsay, Paris, and is now on loan to the Louvre Abu Dhabi museum in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Read more...
La Nymphe surprise, or Nymph Surprised, is a painting by the French impressionist painter Édouard Manet, created in 1861. The model was Suzanne, a pianist and his secret beloved for years, whom he married two years later. The painting is a key work in Manet's production, marking the beginning of a new period in his artistic career and generally in the history of modernism in French painting. It is in National Museum of Fine Arts in Buenos Aires and it is considered as one of the collection's highlights. Manet had special feelings for this painting, and La Nymphe surprise remained in the artist's possession his entire life, and there is evidence that points to the fact that, apart from the emotional significance it represented for the artist, Manet considered this painting as one of his most important works. Read more...
The Kearsarge at Boulogne is an oil-on-canvas painting by Édouard Manet completed in 1864. It depicts the Union cruiser USS Kearsarge, victor of the Battle of Cherbourg over the rebel privateer CSS Alabama. The painting is owned by the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Although he had not witnessed the battle, Manet visited Cherbourg one month after and painted a watercolour portrait of Kearsarge, now exhibited in Dijon. The oil painting was probably based on this watercolour. Read more...
Rochefort's Escape (French: L'évasion de Rochefort) is a painting by Édouard Manet painted in around 1881, currently in the Kunsthaus Zürich. It depicts the 1874 escape of Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay from captivity in New Caledonia to which he had been sentenced for his role in the Paris Commune. The genre of history painting traditionally dealt with historic and mythological topics, and Rochefort's Escape is considered highly significant for its depiction of an event still fresh in public memory. A second smaller version of the painting is in the Musée d'Orsay. Read more...
In the Conservatory (French: Dans la serre) is an 1879 oil painting by Édouard Manet in the Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin, depicting Manet's friends, a couple, in a conservatory. There is an ambiguity in the painting that has led art critics to characterize the couple's relationship in divergent ways. Read more...
The Balcony (French: Le balcon) is an 1868-69 oil painting by the French painter Édouard Manet. It depicts four figures on a balcony, one of whom is sitting; the painter Berthe Morisot, who married Manet's brother Eugène in 1874. In the centre is the painter Jean Baptiste Antoine Guillemet. On the right is Fanny Claus, a violinist. The fourth figure, partially obscured in the interior's background, is possibly Léon Leenhoff, Manet's son. It was exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1869, and then kept by Manet until his death in 1883. It was sold to the painter Gustave Caillebotte in 1884, who left it to the French state in 1894. It is currently held at the Musée d'Orsay, in Paris. Read more...
Nana is a painting by French painter Édouard Manet. It was completed in 1877 and was refused at the Salon of Paris the same year. The work is now at the Kunsthalle Hamburg art museum in Germany. Read more...
Portrait of Marguerite Gauthier-Lathuille or Young Woman in White is a c.1878 half-length oil on canvas portrait by Édouard Manet, now in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon, which acquired it in 1902. She never posed for the final work, which was instead based on sketches made by the artist. The painting was intended as a present for her father.
In the 1870s Manet regularly attended the cabaret run by the subject's father on avenue de Clichy in the Batignolles quarter of Paris, near the Café Guerbois, a hub for the Impressionists. In 1879 he showed him in the background of Chez le père Lathuille (Musée des Beaux-Arts de Tournai). Read more...
Spring is a painting by Édouard Manet that was created in 1881. It debuted at the Paris Salon of 1882 and was considered the greatest and final public success of Manet's Salon career. It depicts Parisian actress Jeanne DeMarsy in a floral dress with parasol and bonnet against a background of lush foliage and blue sky, as the embodiment of Spring. The painting also became the first work of art ever to be published in color. Read more...
Olympia is a painting by Édouard Manet, first exhibited at the 1865 Paris Salon, which shows a nude woman ("Olympia") lying on a bed being brought flowers by a servant. Olympia was modelled by Victorine Meurent and Olympia's servant by the art model Laure. Olympia's confrontational gaze caused shock and astonishment when the painting was first exhibited because a number of details in the picture identified her as a prostitute. The French government acquired the painting in 1890 after a public subscription organized by Claude Monet. The painting is on display at the Musée d'Orsay, Paris. Read more...
The Railway, widely known as Gare Saint-Lazare, is an 1873 painting by Édouard Manet. It is the last painting by Manet of his favourite model, the fellow painter Victorine Meurent, who was also the model for his earlier works Olympia and the Luncheon on the Grass. It was exhibited at the Paris Salon in 1874, and donated to the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. in 1956. Read more...
The Rabbit is an 1881 oil painting by the French artist Édouard Manet, now displayed at the National Museum Wales in Cardiff, Wales. The work is a still life featuring a hung rabbit or hare (the work is sometimes referred as The Hare) which has been placed on a hook outside a closed house window. Read more...
Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (English: The Luncheon on the Grass) – originally titled Le Bain (The Bath) – is a large oil on canvas painting by Édouard Manet created in 1862 and 1863. It depicts a female nude and a scantily dressed female bather on a picnic with two fully dressed men in a rural setting. Rejected by the Salon jury of 1863, Manet seized the opportunity to exhibit this and two other paintings in the 1863 Salon des Refusés, where the painting sparked public notoriety and controversy. The piece is now in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris. A smaller, earlier version can be seen at the Courtauld Gallery, London. Read more...
Did you know...
- ... that the soprano Émilie Ambre was portrayed by artist Édouard Manet in the title role of Bizet's Carmen?
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Selected images
The Balcony, 1868–69, Musée d'Orsay
Portrait of Madame Brunet, 1867, J. Paul Getty Museum
The Ragpicker, 1865–70, Norton Simon Museum
House in Rueil, 1882, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne
The Guitar Player, c. 1866, Hill-Stead Museum
The Tragic Actor (Rouvière as Hamlet), 1866, National Gallery of Art
Boy Carrying a Sword, 1861
Carnations and Clematis in a Crystal Vase, 1883, Musée d'Orsay
Garden Path in Rueil, 1882, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Dijon
The Execution of Emperor Maximilian, 1867. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. The least finished of three large canvases devoted to the execution of Maximilian I of Mexico.
The grand canal of Venice (Blue Venice), 1875, Shelburne Museum, Vermont
The Philosopher, (Beggar with Oysters), 1864–67, Art Institute of Chicago
Nana, 1877, Hamburger Kunsthalle
The Races at Longchamp, 1864
Portrait of Émile Zola, 1868, Musée d'Orsay
Dead Matador, 1864–65, National Gallery of Art
The Bugler, 1882, Dallas Museum of Art
Bunch of Asparagus, 1880, Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne
Chez le père Lathuille, 1879, Musée des Beaux-Arts Tournai
The Barricade (Civil War), 1871, ink, watercolor, and gouache on paper, Museum of Fine Arts (Budapest)
Portrait of Abbé Hurel, 1874, National Museum of Decorative Arts, Buenos Aires
Music in the Tuileries, 1862
Young Flautist, or The Fifer, 1866, Musée d'Orsay
Mlle. Victorine in the Costume of a Matador, 1862, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé, 1876, Musée d'Orsay
Boating, 1874, Metropolitan Museum of Art
portrait by Nadar, 1874
The Plum, 1878, National Gallery of Art
Woman with Parrot, 1866, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Olympia, 1863
Still Life with Melon and Peaches, 1866, National Gallery of Art
The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe), 1863
In the Conservatory, 1879, National Gallery, Berlin
Flowers in a Crystal Vase, 1882, National Gallery of Art
Gypsy with a Cigarette, c. 1860s–1870s, Princeton University Art Museum
Madame Manet, 1874–76, Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena
The Rue Mosnier with Flags, 1878, J. Paul Getty Museum
The Battle of the Kearsarge and the Alabama, 1864, Philadelphia Museum of Art. Inspired by the Battle of Cherbourg (1864)
The surprised nymph, 1861, National Museum of Fine Arts, Buenos Aires
Breakfast in the Studio (the Black Jacket), 1868, New Pinakothek, Munich, Germany
The Absinthe Drinker c. 1859, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen
The bar, 1878–79, Pushkin Museum
Manet's portrait painted by Fantin-Latour
A Bar at the Folies-Bergère (Un Bar aux Folies-Bergère), 1882, Courtauld Gallery, London
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