Portal:Coffee
The Coffee Portal
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Introduction
Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the Coffea genus. From the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. The seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee.
Coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. It may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. A commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with Dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). Clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.
Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen from the mid-15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. The Yemenis procured the coffee beans from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries and began cultivation. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. In the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. (Full article...)
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Family in Söderhamn, Sweden seated for fika around 1916. (from Coffee culture)
Café Tortoni is an emblematic café in Buenos Aires. Frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among many other figures of Argentina. (from Coffeehouse)
Café Kampela, Helsinki (from Coffeehouse)
Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Woman drinks coffee in New York (2017) (from Coffee culture)
A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London. (from History of coffee)
kaffa kalid coffeepot, by François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, height: 29.5 cm, width with handle: 30.5 cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York City) (from History of coffee)
Coffee break in Belgrade (2013) (from Coffee culture)
18th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Working on a laptop at a café/coffee house (2017) (from Coffee culture)
The word coffee in various European languages. (from Coffeehouse)
Roadside cafe on the summer terrace. Buryatia, Russia (from Coffeehouse)
Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
A café in a former church, Utrecht (from Coffeehouse)
A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest Coffee Palace ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Ottoman miniature of a meddah performing at a coffeehouse (from Coffeehouse)
Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870 (from Coffeehouse)
A coffee shop in Angeles City, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Hints on coffee making, by Louise Markscheffel, 1897 (from Coffee preparation)
Trieste from where the cappuccino spread. (from Coffeehouse)
Coffeehouse in London, 17th century (from Coffeehouse)
A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Café neon sign in Breda (from Coffeehouse)
The Café de Flore in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. It is celebrated for its famous clientele, which included high-profile writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians. (from History of coffee)
A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in New York City's Greenwich Village which was founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
On-campus coffeehouse at Pensacola Christian College (from Coffeehouse)
Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items (from Coffeehouse)
Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia is considered the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
A coffee cafè at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
A shop specialised in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, thenewspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Interior of an espresso bar from Baliuag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Cafés in central Tirana in 2017 (from Coffee culture)
In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
An espresso by the glass in Trieste - in the local dialect "Nero in B". (from Coffee culture)
Storyteller (meddah) at a coffeehouse in the Ottoman Empire. The first coffeehouses appeared in the Islamic world in the 15th century. (from Coffeehouse)
The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857).
(Ottoman quarters in Cairo, Egypt)
Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, overall: 19.2 x 17.6 x 10.8 cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Café Mélange, Vienna (from Coffeehouse)
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More did you know? -
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Did you know (auto-generated)
- ... that the Chronicle of the 20th Century was so heavy that it was said to be "the first coffee table book seriously to threaten the well-being of coffee-tables"?
- ... that hosts of the passionvine bug include coffee, citrus, mung bean, squash, and mango?
- ... that six years before releasing Total Freedom, Kathleen Edwards quit creating music and opened a coffee shop called Quitters?
- ... that sniffing for coffee was once a highly paid job?
- ... that Rabbi Reuven Elbaz used to frequent pool halls and coffee shops around Jerusalem to talk with secular Jewish youth about religion?
- ... that the Claudia Quintet was born out of an incident at alt.coffee?
- ... that a Royal Air Force serviceman was recalled from a Second World War secret mission to help run Syd's coffee stall in London?
- ... that Monmouth Coffee Company in Covent Garden was one of the foundations for the third wave of coffee in London?
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Web resources
- World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
- Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
- Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915
