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edit   Global warming Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and the oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its projected continuation. Global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the 100 years ending in 2005. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that anthropogenic (human-sourced) greenhouse gases are responsible for most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the twentieth century, and natural phenomena such as solar variation and volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to 1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward. These basic conclusions have been endorsed by more than 40 scientific societies and academies of science, including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries. Climate model projections summarized in the latest IPCC report indicate that global surface temperature will probably rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) during the twenty-first century. The uncertainty in this estimate arises from the use of models with differing climate sensitivity, and the use of differing estimates of future greenhouse gas emissions. Some other uncertainties include how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Although most studies focus on the period up to 2100, warming is expected to continue beyond 2100, even if emissions have stopped, because of the large heat capacity of the oceans and the lifespan of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. • Pictured left: 1999-2008 Mean temperatures: This figure shows the difference in instrumentally determined surface temperatures between the period January 1999 through December 2008 and "normal" temperatures at the same locations, defined to be the average over the interval January 1940 to December 1980. The average increase on this graph is 0.48 °C, and the widespread temperature increases are considered to be an aspect of global warming. Source: NASA edit   Selected panorama Play media This video summarizes how climate change, associated with increased carbon dioxide levels, has affected plant growth. edit   Selected article Pictured left: Two millennia of mean surface temperatures according to different reconstructions, each smoothed on a decadal scale. The unsmoothed, annual value for 2004 is also plotted for reference. Global temperatures have increased by 0.75 °C (1.35 °F) relative to the period 1860–1900, according to the instrumental temperature record. This measured temperature increase is not significantly affected by the urban heat island effect. Since 1979, land temperatures have increased about twice as fast as ocean temperatures (0.25 °C per decade against 0.13 °C per decade). Temperatures in the lower troposphere have increased between 0.12 and 0.22 °C (0.22 and 0.4 °F) per decade since 1979, according to satellite temperature measurements. Temperature is believed to have been relatively stable over the one or two thousand years before 1850, with possibly regional fluctuations such as the Medieval Warm Period or the Little Ice Age. Deriving a reliable global temperature from the instrument data is not easy because the instruments are not evenly distributed across the planet, the hardware and observing locations have changed over the years, and there has been extensive land use change (such as urbanization) around some of the sites. The calculation needs to filter out the changes that have occurred over time that are not climate related (e.g. urban heat islands), then interpolate across regions where instrument data has historically been sparse (e.g. in the southern hemisphere and at sea), before an average can be taken. edit   Selected biography Pictured left: Al Gore's speech on Global Warming at the University of Miami BankUnited Center, February 28, 2007. Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) served as the 45th Vice President of the United States (1993–2001), under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party's nominee for President in the 2000 U.S. presidential election. Gore is currently an author and environmental activist. He has founded a number of non-profit organizations, including the Alliance for Climate Protection, and has received a Nobel Peace Prize for his work in climate change activism. In his senior year at Harvard University, he took a class with oceanographer and global warming theorist Roger Revelle, who sparked Gore's interest in global warming and other environmental issues. After joining the U.S. House of Representatives, Gore held the first congressional hearings on the climate change, and co-sponsor[ed] hearings on toxic waste and global warming. Gore was known as one of the Atari Democrats, later called the "Democrats' Greens: politicians who see issues like clean air, clean water and global warming as the key to future victories for their party. Gore wrote the book An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and What We Can Do About It, which won a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album in 2009. An Inconvenient Truth is a 2006 documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about Al Gore's campaign to educate citizens about global warming via a comprehensive slide show that, by his own estimate, Gore has given more than a thousand times. Our Choice is a 2009 book written by Gore, originally titled, which followed the An Inconvenient Truth... (book). All profits of the book (printed on 100% recycled paper) go to the Alliance for Climate Protection, which Gore founded in 2006. edit   Categories ▼ Global warming ► Climate change skepticism and denial ► Climate change-related lists ► Economics and climate change ► Effects of global warming ► Global warming media ► Greenhouse gases ► Wikipedia books on global warming edit   Topics Air pollution Climate change Glossary of climate change Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gases History of climate change science Human impact on the environment Index of climate change articles List of renewable energy topics by country Renewable energy commercialization edit   WikiProjects WikiProject Environment WikiProject Environment – Climate change task force WikiProject Globalization WikiProject Council edit   Selected picture Image showing the temperature trend in Antarctica between 1957 and 2006 edit   In the news From the Wikinews Climate change category August 6: Australian–US team of scientists finds Atlantic warming causes Pacific climate trends July 28: Scientists analyse effects of global warming, atmospheric ozone on crops June 6: Queen's Speech sets out Coalition government's final year agenda December 31: Expected U.S. Senate special election taking shape in Massachusetts July 5: On the campaign trail, June 2012 April 15: Wikinews Shorts: April 14, 2012 March 30: Report indicates continued severe weather problems still looming December 21: Wikinews interviews former Salt Lake City mayor and 2012 presidential candidate Rocky Anderson September 26: Delhi earns UN carbon credits April 17: Bloomberg and Clinton create green alliance Additional News NASA announces that 2012 was the ninth warmest of any year since 1880.[1] United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20): Banks have made a investment shift from roads to public transport $175bn (20 June 2012) [2] Climate change in China: In June 2012 was studied that China's carbon emissions could be nearly 20% higher than thought. 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference – December 7 until December 18, 2009 edit   Did you know edit   Things to do Here are some tasks awaiting attention: Expand : Add – {{portal|Global warming}} to related articles • Global warming in Canada • Total equivalent warming impact NPOV : Long-term effects of global warming Verify : Climate change in Massachusetts • Effects of global warming on Australia • Extreme Ice Survey • Glacier mass balance • Global Warming: Opposing Viewpoints (2002) • Global-warming potential • World Wide Views on Global Warming (organization) Other : Be bold. Wikipedia is for the people, by the people and needs YOU as a contributor to spread global knowledge.  – When a task is completed, please remove it from the list. edit   Related portals Africa • Antarctica • Arctic • Asia • Atlantic • Caribbean • Europe • Latin America • North America • Oceania Agropedia Ecology Energy Renewable Energy Environment Marine life Sustainable development Largest Producers of Fossil Fuels China Iran Mexico Saudi Arabia Russia United States Largest Consumers of Fossil Fuels China European Union India Japan Russia United States edit   Related articles edit   Web resources Research NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies  – Global change research NOAA State of the Climate Report  – U.S. and global monthly state of the climate reports Climate Change at the National Academies — repository for reports Nature Reports Climate Change — free-access web resource Met Office: Climate change — UK National Weather Service Educational What Is Global Warming? — by National Geographic Global Climate Change Indicators  – from NOAA NOAA Climate Services  – from NOAA Global Warming Frequently Asked Questions — from NOAA Understanding Climate Change – Frequently Asked Questions — from UCAR edit   Wikimedia Global warming on Wikinews News Global warming on Commons Images Global warming on Wiktionary Definitions Global warming on Wikiquote Quotations Global warming on Wikibooks Manuals & Texts Global warming on Wikisource Texts Global warming on Wikiversity Courses What are portals? 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