Portal:Ireland

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Fáilte go dtí Tairseach na hÉireann!
Fair faa ye tae tha Airlann Inlat!

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Northern Ireland

Ireland (/ˈaɪərlənd/ ^ⓘ IRE-lənd; Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ^ⓘ; Ulster-Scots: Airlann [ˈɑːrlən]) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest in the world. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland), a sovereign state covering five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. As of 2022, the population of the entire island is just over 7 million, with 5.1 million living in the Republic of Ireland and 1.9 million in Northern Ireland, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain.

The geography of Ireland comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. Its lush vegetation is a product of its mild but changeable climate which is free of extremes in temperature. Much of Ireland was woodland until the end of the Middle Ages. Today, woodland makes up about 10% of the island, compared with a European average of over 33%, with most of it being non-native conifer plantations. The Irish climate is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and thus very moderate, and winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area, although summers are cooler than those in continental Europe. Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant.

Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century AD. The island was Christianised from the 5th century onwards. During this period Ireland was divided into many petty kingships under provincial kingships (Cúige "fifth" of the traditional provinces) vying for dominance and the title of High King of Ireland. In the late 8th century to early 11th century AD Viking raids and settlement took place culminating in the Battle of Clontarf on 23 April 1014 which resulted in the ending of Viking power in Ireland. Following the 12th century Anglo-Norman invasion, England claimed sovereignty. However, English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters, and was extended during the 18th century. With the Acts of Union in 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. A war of independence in the early 20th century was followed by the partition of the island, leading to the creation of the Irish Free State, which became increasingly sovereign over the following decades until it declared a republic in 1948 ( Republic of Ireland Act, 1948) and Northern Ireland, which remained a part of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s. This subsided following the Good Friday Agreement in 1998. In 1973, both the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, with Northern Ireland as part of it, joined the European Economic Community. Following a referendum vote in 2016, the United Kingdom, Northern Ireland included, left the European Union (EU) in 2020. Northern Ireland was granted a limited special status and allowed to operate within the EU single market for goods without being in the European Union. (Full article...)

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Saint Finbarre's Cathedral, also spelled Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral (Irish: Ardeaglais Naomh Fionnbarra) is a Church of Ireland cathedral located in Cork city, Ireland. The site of the cathedral has been a place of worship since the 7th century. The three spires of the cathedral are one of Cork's main landmarks. It is the seat of the Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, currently Bishop Paul Colton and is named after Cork's patron saint.

A medieval Cathedral was situated on the site prior to the 18th Century one but few traces of it are visible. This cathedral was damaged during the siege of Cork in 1689/90 when it came under fire from the nearby Elizabeth Fort. When the steeple was demolished in 1865 a 24-pound cannon was discovered, which now is on display in the current building. Read more...

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Saint Patrick (Latin: Patricius, Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain-born Christian missionary and is the patron saint of Ireland along with Brigid of Kildare and Columba. When he was about sixteen he was captured by Irish raiders and taken as a slave to Ireland, where he lived for six years before escaping and returning to his family. He entered the church, as his father and grandfather had before him, becoming a deacon and a bishop. He later returned to Ireland as a missionary in the north and west of the island, but little is known about the places where he worked and no link can be made between Patrick and any church. By the eighth century he had become the patron saint of Ireland. The Irish monastery system evolved after the time of Patrick and the Irish church did not develop the diocesan model that Patrick and the other early missionaries had tried to establish.

The available body of evidence does not allow the dates of Patrick's life to be fixed with certainty, but it appears that he was active as a missionary in Ireland during the second half of the fifth century. Two letters from him survive, along with later hagiographies from the seventh century onwards. Many of these works cannot be taken as authentic traditions. Uncritical acceptance of the Annals of Ulster (see below) would imply that he lived from 378 to 493, and ministered in modern day northern Ireland from 433 onwards. Read more...

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The following are images from various Ireland-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1President John F. Kennedy in motorcade in Cork on 27 June 1963 (from History of Ireland)
Image 2The extent of Norman control of Ireland in 1300 (from History of Ireland)
Image 3Newgrange, built c. 3200 BCE, is an Irish passage tomb located at Brú na Bóinne. (from History of Ireland)
Image 4Folk music and theatre performers Armagh Rhymers at Aonach Mhacha in County Armagh (2023) (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 5Portrait of James II of England by Sir Godfrey Kneller.
Forty years later, Irish Catholics, known as "Jacobites", fought for James from 1688 to 1691, but failed to restore James to the throne of Ireland, England and Scotland. (from History of Ireland)
Image 6Beef and mushroom boxty (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 7Celtic cross in the Irish National Heritage Park (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 8Barmbrack (Bairín breac) (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 911th century cumdach of the Stowe Missal (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 10The 'Land of the Ever Young', an illustration of the Celtic Otherworld by Arthur Rackham (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 11A plaster cast of a traditional Samhain turnip lantern (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 12Bloomsday celebrations in Dublin (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 13Colcannon (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 14Gaelic football (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 15The Easter Proclamation, issued by Leaders of the Easter Rising (from History of Ireland)
Image 16Irish Soda bread (áran sóide) served with Irish butter (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 17Daniel O'Connell (from History of Ireland)
Image 18Irish travellers en route to the Cahirmee Horse Fair (1954) (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 19Bacon and cabbage (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 20Irish stew (Stobhach) (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 21An Irish coffee. (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 22A page from the Book of Kells that opens the Gospel of John (from History of Ireland)
Image 23Coddle (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 24Irish soldiers, 1521 – by Albrecht Dürer. (from History of Ireland)
Image 25A 16th century perception of Irish women and girls, illustrated in the manuscript "Théâtre de tous les peuples et nations de la terre avec leurs habits et ornemens divers, tant anciens que modernes, diligemment depeints au naturel". Painted by Lucas d'Heere in the 2nd half of the 16th century. Preserved in the Ghent University Library. (from History of Ireland)
Image 26Handcrafted bowl and pitchers by Nicholas Mosse Pottery, founded in 1976 (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 27Seafood chowder (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 28Institute of Education and Celtic Culture, Dingle, County Kerry, Ireland (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 29After an unusually bitter Irish Catholic rebellion and civil war, Oliver Cromwell, on behalf of the English Commonwealth, re-conquered Ireland by invasion which lasted from 1649 to 1651. Under Cromwell's government, landownership in Ireland was transferred overwhelmingly to Puritan soldiery and commercial undertakers to pay for the war. (from History of Ireland)
Image 30Political map of Ireland (from History of Ireland)
Image 31Ulster Museum, Belfast. (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 32Irish traditional music sessions often take place in public houses (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 33Hurling ball (sliotar) and hurley (camán) (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 34Irish cream cheesecake (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 35Map showing the Viking settlements in Ireland (from History of Ireland)
Image 36Ireland in 1014: a patchwork of rival kingdoms (from History of Ireland)
Image 37An Irish-language information sign in the Donegal Gaeltacht (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 38Cork Opera House. (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 39Kevin's monastery at Glendalough, County Wicklow (from History of Ireland)
Image 40Champ (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 41A typical Irish pub in County Donegal (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 42Traditional Irish cottage in County Antrim (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 43Three men digging for potatoes in Ahascragh, County Galway (Circa 1900) (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 44A tower house near Quin, County Clare. The Normans consolidated their presence in Ireland by building hundreds of castles and towers such as this. (from History of Ireland)
Image 45Buí Bolg at the St. Patrick’s Day parade in Dublin (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 46Ireland during the Ice Age (from History of Ireland)
Image 47The Irish tricolour (from History of Ireland)
Image 48The Bord Gáis Energy Theatre, Dublin. (from Culture of Ireland)
Image 49Irish family evicted at Moyasta, County Clare during Land War, c.1879 (from History of Ireland)
Image 50Great Hall Kitchen in the Carraig Phádraig (from Culture of Ireland)

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Image 1Wind-surfing on Lough Lene, Co. Westmeath
Image 2Cathedral of Saints Patrick and Felim, Cavan
Image 3City Hall, Cork
Image 4St Eunan's College, Letterkenny
Image 5Snap-Apple Night (Halloween) by Daniel Maclise
Image 6The Giant's Causeway, Co. Antrim
Image 7The Gap of Dunloe, Co. Kerry
Image 8The Chicago River, Saint Patrick's Day 2009
Image 9File File:Image:Muse_@_Oxegen_07.jpg does not exist.
Image 10Selskar Abbey, Wexford
Image 11Carlingford Lough
Image 12St. Stephen's Green, Dublin
Image 13The woolsack, the Irish House of Lords.
Image 14The Cross of Cong
Image 15Lighthouse at Hook Head
Image 16Cathedral of St. Eunan and St Columba
Image 17Dervish at Eurovision 2007
Image 18Clew Bay, Co. Mayo
Image 19Limerick on the Shannon River (1840)
Image 20Famine sculpture at the IFSC
Image 21Theatre Royal, Wexford
Image 22A horse drinking near Downpatrick
Image 23Stephen's Green Shopping Centre, Dublin
Image 24St. Patrick's Street, Cork circa. 1890-1900
Image 25Christmas shoppers in Dublin
Image 26City Hall, Belfast
Image 27An anti-Irish cartoon from 1871
Image 28Redwood Castle, Co. Tipperary
Image 29A Galway Hooker.
Image 30A back road in Co. Mayo
Image 31Yeats' grave, Co. Sligo
Image 32Jerpoint Abbey, Co. Kilkenny
Image 33Gaelic Irish soldiers
Image 34Athenry, Co. Galway
Image 35Iron cross, Malin Head, Co. Donegal
Image 36Scotch Quay, Waterford
Image 37The Dingle Peninsula, Co. Kerry
Image 38William Butler Yeats, by John Butler Yeats
Image 39Slieve League, Co. Donegal
Image 40Newgrange, Co. Meath
Image 41A memorial to the first non-stop transatlantic flight
Image 42Leamaneh Castle, Co. Clare
Image 43The Foyle at night.
Image 4419th century Irish crochet
Image 45Doolin, Co. Clare
Image 46Arthur Guinness, founder of the Guinness
Image 47The Leviathan of Parsonstown
Image 48Hurling

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From top; left to right: Galway Cathedral, University of Galway, Eyre Square, Galway Harbour, the Long Walk

Galway (/ˈɡɔːlweɪ/ GAWL-way; Irish: Gaillimh, pronounced [ˈɡal̠ʲɪvʲ]) is a city in (and the county town of) County Galway. It lies on the River Corrib between Lough Corrib and Galway Bay. It is the most populous settlement in the province of Connacht, the fifth most populous city on the island of Ireland and the fourth most populous in the Republic of Ireland, with a population at the 2022 census of 85,910.

Located near an earlier settlement, Galway grew around a fortification built by the King of Connacht in 1124. A municipal charter in 1484 allowed citizens of the by then walled city to form a council and mayoralty. Controlled largely by a group of merchant families, the Tribes of Galway, the city grew into a trading port. Following a period of decline, as of the 21st century, Galway is a tourist destination known for festivals and events including the Galway International Arts Festival. (Full article...)

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Dublin Cork (city) Limerick Waterford Kilkenny Belfast Armagh Derry Lisburn Newry

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...that Newfoundland, in eastern Canada, has a unique dialect of Irish, closely resembling the Irish spoken during the 16th to 17th centuries and called Newfoundland Irish?
...that in 1631 the entire population of the village of Baltimore, County Cork was kidnapped by Algerian pirates in what became known as the Sack of Baltimore?
...that the modern game of croquet was invented in Ireland in the 1830s?
...that the Guinness company once produced a Marmite-like yeast extract spread called Guinness Yeast Extract?

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This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Ireland}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options.

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