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Portal:Mexico

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The Temple of Warriors at Chichen Itza, Mexico
The Temple of Warriors at Chichen Itza, Mexico

¡Bienvenido! Welcome to the Mexico portal

Mexico
Location of Mexico
LocationSouthern portion of North America

Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, bordering the United States of America to the north and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast, while having maritime boundaries with the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the southeast, and the Gulf of Mexico to the east. Mexico covers 1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi), and is the thirteenth-largest country in the world by land area. With a population around 131 million as of 2025, Mexico is the tenth-most populous country in the world and is home to the largest number of native Spanish speakers. Mexico City is the capital and largest city in Mexico, which ranks among the most populous metropolitan areas in the world.


Human presence in Mexico dates back to at least 11,500 BC, although dates as old as 28,000 BC have been proposed for less securely dated sites. Mesoamerica, considered a cradle of civilization, was home to numerous advanced societies, including the Olmecs, Maya, Zapotecs, Teotihuacan civilization, and Purépecha. Spanish colonization began in 1521 with an indigenous alliance that defeated the Aztec Empire, establishing the colony of New Spain with its capital at Tenochtitlan, now Mexico City. New Spain became a major center of the transoceanic economy during the Age of Discovery, fueled by silver mining and its position as a hub between Europe and Asia. This gave rise to one of the largest multiracial populations in the world. The Peninsular War led to the 1810–1821 Mexican War of Independence, which ended Peninsular rule and led to the creation of the First Mexican Empire, which quickly collapsed into the short-lived First Mexican Republic. In 1848, Mexico lost nearly half its territory in the Mexican–American War. Liberal reforms set in the Constitution of 1857 led to civil war and French intervention, culminating in the establishment of the Second Mexican Empire under Emperor Maximilian I of Habsburg, who was overthrown by Republican forces led by Benito Juárez. The late 19th century saw the long dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz, whose modernization policies came at the cost of severe social unrest. The 1910–1920 Mexican Revolution led to the overthrow of Díaz and the adoption of the 1917 Constitution. Mexico experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth in the 1940s–1970s, amidst electoral fraud, the Tlatelolco massacre, and economic crises. The late 20th century saw a shift towards neoliberalism, marked by the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, amidst unrest in Chiapas. (Full article...)

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The CMLL World Light Heavyweight Championship (Campeonato Mundial de Peso Semicompleto del CMLL in Spanish) is a professional wrestling world light heavyweight championship promoted by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) since 1991. As it is a professional wrestling championship, it is not won via legitimate competition; it is instead won via a scripted ending to a match or on occasion awarded to a wrestler because of a storyline. The official definition of the light heavyweight division in Mexico is between 92 kg (203 lb) and 97 kg (214 lb), but the weight limits are not always strictly adhered to. Because CMLL puts more emphasis on the lower weight classes, this division is traditionally considered more important than the heavyweight division, which is considered the most important championship by most promotions outside Mexico. The current champion is Místico, who is in his first reign. He defeated MJF in a Title vs. Mask match at the CMLL 92nd Anniversary Show on September 19, 2025. He is the 20th overall champion and the 18th wrestler to officially hold the championship. The title has been vacated twice since its creation in 1991, and has had one unofficial reign. (Full article...)

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Left: The Heart of Jesus (1759)

Right: The Heart of Mary (circa 1759)

By Juan Patricio Morlete Ruiz, at the Museo Nacional de Arte















image credit: public domain

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Guerrero in 2017

José Gutiérrez Hernández (born March 1, 1972), better known by his ring name Último Guerrero (Spanish for "Last Warrior"), is a Mexican professional wrestler. He is signed to Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), where he is the leader of the Los Guerreros Laguneros stable and part of the CMLL booking committee. He also makes appearances for partner promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW).

Guerrero debuted in 1990 and joined CMLL in 1997, where he has held several titles, including the CMLL World Heavyweight Championship twice, the CMLL World Light Heavyweight Championship and NWA World Historic Middleweight Championship once, the CMLL World Trios Championship five times, and the CMLL World Tag Team Championship six times. He is a two-time CMLL Universal Championship tournament winner and three-time Torneo Gran Alternativa winner, also winning the CMLL International Gran Prix twice and the Leyenda de Azul once. He has also wrestled for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) in the United States, where he won the 2008 World X Cup as part of Team Mexico, as well as Ring of Honor (ROH), All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and Major League Wrestling (MLW), where he won the MLW National Openweight Championship. (Full article...)

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Portrait by Miguel Cabrera, c. 1750

Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez de Santillana, better known as Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (12 November 1648 – 17 April 1695), was a Hieronymite nun and a Novohispanic writer, philosopher, composer and poet of the Baroque period, nicknamed "The Tenth Muse", "The Mexican Phoenix", and "The Phoenix of America" by her contemporary critics. She was also a student of science. She was among the main contributors to the Spanish Golden Age, alongside Juan Ruiz de Alarcón and Garcilaso de la Vega "El Inca", and is considered one of the most important female writers in Spanish language literature and Mexican literature.

Sor Juana has been significant to many communities across time, having been presented as a candidate for Catholic sainthood; a symbol of Mexican nationalism; and a paragon of freedom of speech, women's rights, and sexual diversity, (Full article...)

In the news

12 October 2026 – 2026 Pacific hurricane season
Two deaths are reported after hurricanes Rachel and Simon made landfall on Mexico's coast, with Guerrero governor Evelyn Salgado and Baja California governor Marina del Pilar Ávila confirming their deaths. (Al Jazeera)
11 October 2026 – Mexican drug war
Three civilians and two police officers are killed in a mass shooting in Jacona, Michoacán, Mexico, while six other people are wounded. Separately, three gunmen are killed in a shootout with police in Zamora. (OEM in Spanish)
10 October 2026 – 2026 Pacific hurricane season
Tropical storm Simon strengthens into a category 4 Pacific hurricane with 150 mph (240 kph) winds as it heads towards Mexico's coast. (AP) (The Rio Times)
8 October 2026 – Mexican drug war
Twelve people, including a 2-year-old, are killed and 16 more injured during a shootout between different factions of the Sinaloa Cartel at El Castillo Penitentiary Centre in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico. The incident is believed to have been an assassination attempt on Eduardo Jonathan Martínez Larios, a leader of Los Chapitos who was reportedly amongst the dead. (Mexico News Daily)
7 October 2026 – Elections in Mexico
Mexican president Claudia Sheinbaum sanctions a constitutional amendment prohibiting Mexicans with dual citizenship from running for president or governor. (AA) (El Economista in Spanish)
1 October 2026 –
Two 18-year-old former students attack a secondary school in Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico, with knives and pyrotechnic devices, killing the vice-principal and injuring three people. Police arrest both suspects. (AFP via RNZ)

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In the United States, Mexican Coca-Cola, or Mexican Coke (Spanish: Coca Cola de Vidrio, transl. Glass Coca-Cola or Coca-Cola in a glass bottle) or, informally, "Mexicoke", refers to Coca-Cola produced in and imported from Mexico. The Mexican formula that is exported into the U.S. is sweetened with white sugar instead of the high-fructose corn syrup used in the American formula since the early 1980s. Some tasters have said that Mexican Coca-Cola tastes better, while other blind tasting tests reported no differences in flavor. (Full article...)

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