Portal:Money

The Money Portal

Euro coins and banknotes

Money is any item or verifiable record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts, such as taxes, in a particular country or socio-economic context. The primary functions which distinguish money are: medium of exchange, a unit of account, a store of value and sometimes, a standard of deferred payment.

Money was historically an emergent market phenomenon that possessed intrinsic value as a commodity; nearly all contemporary money systems are based on unbacked fiat money without use value. Its value is consequently derived by social convention, having been declared by a government or regulatory entity to be legal tender; that is, it must be accepted as a form of payment within the boundaries of the country, for "all debts, public and private", in the case of the United States dollar.

The money supply of a country comprises all currency in circulation (banknotes and coins currently issued) and, depending on the particular definition used, one or more types of bank money (the balances held in checking accounts, savings accounts, and other types of bank accounts). Bank money, whose value exists on the books of financial institutions and can be converted into physical notes or used for cashless payment, forms by far the largest part of broad money in developed countries. (Full article...)

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Euro starter kits are packs of euro coins of all the eight denominations sealed in a plastic sachet. The kits' purpose is primarily to familiarise citizens of a nation joining the eurozone with their new currency. A further objective is to provide coins for retailers' cash registers well in advance of their respective €-Day. Usually these kits are available from local banks some weeks before euro changeover.

Mainly there are two types of starter packs: business starter kits and those for the general public. The difference lies in the number of coins per pack. Business kits are intended for retailers. Therefore, they contain approximately 100 euro or more in coins, usually packed in rolls, whereas mini-starter kits are intended for the general public and usually have a small number of coins. (Full article...)

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The mohar was the currency of the Kingdom of Nepal from the second half of the 17th century until 1932. Silver and gold mohars were issued, each subdivided into 128 dams. Copper dams were also issued, together with copper paisa worth 4 copper dams. The values of the copper, silver and gold coinages relative to one another were not fixed until 1903. In that year, the silver mohar became the standard currency, divided into 50 paisa. It was replaced in 1932 by the rupee, also called the mohru (Moru), at a rate of 2 mohars = 1 rupee. (Full article...)

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... that a nuclear reactor was nearly built at the New York Hall of Science, but the money for the institution instead went to Yankee Stadium?
... that the façade of the Brooklyn Central Library was removed in an attempt to save money?
... that Russian indie artist polnalyubvi bought her first guitar with money earned from busking with her violin?
... that American first lady Lou Henry Hoover secretly sent money to families in need during the Great Depression?
... that the Gould Memorial Library once hosted pie-throwing contests to raise money?
... that Martha Washington's portrait on the 1896 US one-dollar silver certificate is the most recent time that a woman has been featured on US paper money?
... that even though a village said that it did not want a church, Indonesian politician Thoriqul Haq allocated land and money to build one along with a musalla?
... that a TV station in Windsor, Ontario, was spared from closure even though it lost money for ten consecutive years?

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The following are images from various currency-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Tibetan "gaden" Tangka, undated (ca. AD 1840), obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 2Tibetan silver tangka with Ranjana (Lantsa) script, dated 15-28 (= AD 1894), reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 3Tenga of Muhammad Khudayar Khan, struck at the Kokand mint, dated 1862–1863 (from Kokand tenga)
Image 4Printing paper money at a printing press in Perm (from Money)
Image 5President J. K. Paasikivi illustrated in a former Finnish 10 mark banknote from 1980 (from Money)
Image 6A check, used as a means of converting funds in a demand deposit to cash (from Money)
Image 7Huizi currency, issued in 1160 (from Money)
Image 8Gold coins are an example of legal tender that are traded for their intrinsic value, rather than their face value. (from Money)
Image 9Sino Tibetan silver tangka, dated 58th year of Qian Long era, reverse. Weight 5.57 g. Diameter: 30 mm (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 10Paper money from different countries (from Money)
Image 11Tibetan kong par tangka, dated 13-45 (= AD 1791), obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 12Tibetan kong par tangka, dated 13-45 (= AD 1791), reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 13Tibetan silver tangka with Ranjana (Lantsa) script, dated 15-28 (= AD 1894), obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 14Money Base, M1 and M2 in the U.S. from 1981 to 2012 (from Money)
Image 15Tibetan undated silver tangka (2nd half of 18th century) with eight times the syllable "dza" in vartula script, obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 16Tibetan undated silver tangka (2nd half of 18th century) with eight times the syllable "dza" in vartula script, reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 17Undated Kelzang tangka (1910), obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 18US dollar banknotes (from Money)
Image 19Banknotes and coins (from Money)
Image 20Ancient Jewish coin, engraved menorah, from the Hasmoneon kingdom 37-40 BCE (from Money)
Image 21Tibetan undated silver tangka, struck in 1953/54, obverse. (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 22Punch-marked coins discovered from Chandraketugarh. (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 23Undated Kelzang tangka (1910), reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 24Silver, ½ Karshapana coin, “Babyal Hoard” type, of the Kuru Janapada (450 BC - 315 BC) (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 25A 1914 British gold sovereign (from Money)
Image 26"Bent bar" of the Gandhara Janapda unearthed with Achaemenid and Greek coins, Gandhara, c.350 BC. (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 27Tibetan "gaden" Tangka, undated (ca. AD 1840), reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 28Sino Tibetan silver tangka, dated 58th year of Qian Long era, obverse. Weight 5.57 g. Diameter: 30 mm (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 29Tibetan undated silver tangka, struck in 1953/54, reverse. (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 30Banknotes of different currencies with a face value of 5000 (from Money)
Image 31A hoard of mostly Mauryan punch-marked coins (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 32A 640 BC one-third stater electrum coin from Lydia. According to Herodotus, the Lydians were the first people to introduce the use of gold and silver coins. It is thought by modern scholars that these first stamped coins were minted around 650 to 600 BC. (from Money)
Image 33“Babyal Hoard” type, of the Kuru Janapada (350 - 315 BCE) (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 34Song Dynasty Jiaozi, the world's earliest paper money (from Money)
Image 35A person counts a bundle of different Swedish banknotes. (from Money)