New Hampshire was inhabited for thousands of years by Algonquian-speaking peoples such as the Abenaki. Europeans arrived in the early 17th century, with the English establishing some of the earliest non-indigenous settlements. The Province of New Hampshire was established in 1629, named after the Englishcounty of Hampshire. Following mounting tensions between the British colonies and the crown during the 1760s, New Hampshire saw one of the earliest overt acts of rebellion, with the seizing of Fort William and Mary from the British in 1774. In January 1776, it became the first of the British North American colonies to establish an independent government and state constitution; six months later, it signed the United States Declaration of Independence and contributed troops, ships, and supplies in the war against Britain. In June 1788, it was the ninth state to ratify the U.S. Constitution, bringing that document into effect. Through the mid-19th century, New Hampshire was an active center of abolitionism, and fielded close to 32,000 Union soldiers during the U.S. Civil War. After the war, the state saw rapid industrialization and population growth, becoming a center of textile manufacturing, shoemaking, and papermaking; the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company in Manchester was at one time the largest cotton textile plant in the world. The Merrimack and Connecticut rivers were lined with industrial mills, most of which employed workers from Canada and Europe; French Canadians formed the most significant influx of immigrants, and today roughly a quarter of all New Hampshire residents have French American ancestry, a statistic second only to Maine among states.
Reflecting a nationwide trend, New Hampshire's industrial sector declined after World War II. Since 1950, its economy has diversified to include financial and professional services, real estate, education, transportation and high-tech, with manufacturing still higher than the national average. Beginning in the 1950s, its population surged as major highways connected it to Greater Boston and led to more commuter towns. New Hampshire is among the wealthiest and most-educated states. It is one of nine states without an income tax and has no taxes on sales, capital gains, or inheritance while relying heavily on local property taxes to fund education; consequently, its state tax burden is among the lowest in the country. New Hampshire is one of the least religious states and known for its libertarian-leaning political culture; it was until recently a swing state in presidential elections and is still of the least liberal states in New England. The New Hampshire Republican Party has held a trifecta majority in state level government since 2017, with the exception of 2019 and 2020, while the Democratic Party has held a majority on New Hampshire's federal level representation in Congress. New Hampshire is the only state to have a woman as governor and women as both U.S. senators. (Full article...)
Greeley was born to a poor family in Amherst, New Hampshire. He was apprenticed to a printer in Vermont and went to New York City in 1831 to seek his fortune. He wrote for or edited several publications, involved himself in Whig Party politics, and took a significant part in William Henry Harrison's successful 1840 presidential campaign. (Full article...)
The incumbent governor is Republican Kelly Ayotte, who took office on January 9, 2025. The longest-serving governor is John Taylor Gilman, who served as governor for 14 years, from 1794 to 1805 and from 1813 to 1816. (Full article...)
Image 6The historical coat of arms of New Hampshire, from 1876 (from New Hampshire)
Image 7The highly industrious Founding Father Josiah Bartlett was a signer of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation, and served as a delegate at the Constitutional Convention. He was the first governor of New Hampshire, a medical doctor, and chief justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature (now the New Hampshire Supreme Court). The Josiah Bartlett House in Kingston, New Hampshire still stands. (from New Hampshire)
Image 9Map showing several claims and disputed borders, 1691–1775 (from History of New Hampshire)
Image 10Broadside statement of Congress of the Colony of New Hampshire, referencing "sudden & abrupt departure" of Royal Governor John Wentworth, January 1776 (from History of New Hampshire)
Image 11Largest reported ancestry groups in New Hampshire by town as of 2013. Dark purple indicates Irish, light purple English, pink French, turquoise French Canadian, dark blue Italian, and light blue German. Gray indicates townships with no reported data. (from New Hampshire)
Image 12Largest reported ancestry groups in New Hampshire by town as of 2013. Dark purple indicates Irish, light purple English, pink French, turquoise French Canadian, dark blue Italian, and light blue German. Gray indicates townships with no reported data. (from New Hampshire)
Image 25Thompson Hall, at UNH, was built in 1892. (from New Hampshire)
Image 26Site of first house in New Hampshire, present mansion constructed in 1750, by Gov. W. B. Wentworth, New York Public Library (from New Hampshire)
Image 31Site of first house in New Hampshire, present mansion constructed in 1750, by Gov. W. B. Wentworth, New York Public Library (from New Hampshire)
Image 32The highly industrious Founding Father Josiah Bartlett was a signer of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation, and served as a delegate at the Constitutional Convention. He was the first governor of New Hampshire, a medical doctor, and chief justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature (now the New Hampshire Supreme Court). The Josiah Bartlett House in Kingston, New Hampshire still stands. (from New Hampshire)
Image 33The Strawbery Banke Museum in Portsmouth, New Hampshire includes 37 restored buildings dating from the 17th through 19th centuries. (from New Hampshire)
Image 35Shaded relief map of New Hampshire (from New Hampshire)
Image 36The Strawbery Banke Museum in Portsmouth, New Hampshire includes 37 restored buildings dating from the 17th through 19th centuries. (from New Hampshire)
Image 37Population density by census tract (from New Hampshire)
Image 38Map of New Hampshire, with roads, rivers, and major cities (from New Hampshire)
Image 39Ethnic origins in New Hampshire (from New Hampshire)
Image 40Ethnic origins in New Hampshire (from New Hampshire)
Image 41Shaded relief map of New Hampshire (from New Hampshire)
... that Geoffrey Holt, an unassuming New Hampshire man who worked as a groundskeeper in a mobile home park where he resided, left $3.8 million to his small town after his death?
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