What is now North Dakota was inhabited for thousands of years by various Native American tribes, including the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara along the Missouri River; the Ojibwe and Cree in the northeast; and several Sioux groups (the Nakota, Dakota, and Lakota) in the rest of the state. European explorers and traders first arrived in the early 18th century, mostly in pursuit of furs.
The United States acquired the region in the early 19th century, gradually settling it amid growing resistance by increasingly displaced natives. The Dakota Territory, established in 1861, became central to American pioneers, with the Homestead Act of 1862 precipitating significant population growth and development. The traditional fur trade declined in favor of farming, particularly of wheat. The Dakota Boom of 1878 to 1886 saw giant farms stretched across the rolling prairies, with the territory becoming a regional economic power. The Northern Pacific and Great Northern railway companies competed for access to lucrative grain centers; farmers banded together in political and socioeconomic alliances that were central to the Midwest's broader Populist Movement. North and South Dakota were admitted to the Union on November 2, 1889, as the 39th and 40th states. President Benjamin Harrison shuffled the statehood papers before signing them so that no one could tell which became a state first; consequently, the two states are officially numbered in alphabetical order. Statehood marked the gradual winding-down of the pioneer period, with the state fully settled by around 1920. Subsequent decades saw a rise in radical agrarian movements and economic cooperatives, of which one legacy is the Bank of North Dakota, the nation's only state-run bank. (Full article...)
Abortion in North Dakota is generally illegal. There are exceptions for medical necessity, rape or incest when performed before 6 weeks, or if an individual assisting was unaware of performing an illegal abortion.
Following the United States Supreme Court's landmark ruling to overturn Roe v. Wade on June 24, 2022, the state's trigger law, HB 1466, was blocked by the district court, which was upheld by the North Dakota Supreme Court. SB 2150 was passed in response to this, making performance of an abortion is a Class C felony subject to a maximum penalty of five years' imprisonment, a $10,000 fine, or both. In 2024, Judge Bruce Romanick overturned the state's abortion ban. (Full article...)
Image 6Ethnic origins in North Dakota (from North Dakota)
Image 7Norwegian settlers in front of their sod house in North Dakota in 1898 (from North Dakota)
Image 8Building in Bismarck that houses a variety of state agencies: Workforce Safety & Insurance; Retirement & Investment; Parks & Recreation; PERS; Child Support; Commerce; and OBM Risk Management. (from North Dakota)
Image 9Map of counties in North Dakota by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census
Image 22Logo for the State of North Dakota. (from North Dakota)
Image 23North Dakota State Seed Department on North Dakota State University campus. (from North Dakota)
Image 24Interstate 94 in North Dakota, near Gladstone (from North Dakota)
Image 25Treemap of the popular vote by county, 2016 presidential election (from North Dakota)
Image 26Building in Bismarck that houses a variety of state agencies: Workforce Safety & Insurance; Retirement & Investment; Parks & Recreation; PERS; Child Support; Commerce; and OBM Risk Management. (from North Dakota)
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