Portal:Paris
Portal maintenance status: (October 2018)
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Introduction
Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] (
listen)) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and a population of 2,206,488. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.
The City of Paris is the center and seat of government of the Ile-de-France, or Paris Region, which has an estimated official 2018 population of 12,246,234 persons, or 18.2 percent of the population of France. The Paris Region had a GDP of €681 billion (US$850 billion) in 2016, accounting for 31 per cent of the GDP of France. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey in 2018, Paris was the second-most expensive city in the world, behind Singapore and ahead of Zurich, Hong Kong, Oslo and Geneva.
Selected general articles
- There are around 130 museums in Paris, France within city limits. This list also includes suburban museums within the "Grand Paris" area, such as the Air and Space Museum.
The sixteen museums of the City of Paris are annotated with "VP", as well as six other ones also accommodated in municipal premises and the Musées de France (fr) listed by the ministry of culture are annotated with "MF". Read more...
All genres of music can be heard in Paris, from opera and symphonic music to musical theater, jazz, rock, rap, hip-hop, the traditional Bal-musette and gypsy jazz, and every variety of world music, particularly music from Africa and North Africa. such as the Algerian-born music known as Raï. Leading musical institutions include the Paris Opera, the Orchestre de Paris, and the Paris Conservatory, the first state music conservatory in Europe. The Cité de la Musique at La Villette is home of the new Paris Symphony Hall, the Conservatory, a museum of musical instruments, and Le Zenith, a major venue for popular music. Many of the churches in Paris have magnificent historic organs, and often host concerts. The city is also known for its music halls and clubs. Read more...
The Paris Métro (short for Métropolitain; French: Métro de Paris) is a rapid transit system in the Paris metropolitan area, France. A symbol of the city, it is known for its density within the city limits, uniform architecture and unique entrances influenced by Art Nouveau. It is mostly underground and 214 kilometres (133 mi) long. It has 302 stations, of which 62 have transfers between lines. There are 16 lines, numbered 1 to 14 with two lines, 3bis and 7bis, which are named because they started out as branches of lines 3 and 7; later they officially became separate lines; the Metro is still numbered as if these lines were absent. Lines are identified on maps by number and colour, and direction of travel is indicated by the terminus.
It is the second busiest metro system in Europe, after the Moscow Metro, and the tenth-busiest in the world. It carried 1.520 billion passengers in 2015, 4.16 million passengers a day, which amounts to 20% of the overall traffic in Paris. It is one of the densest metro systems in the world, with 245 stations within the 86.9 km2 (34 sq mi) of the city of Paris. Châtelet – Les Halles, with five Métro lines, three RER commuter rail and platforms up to 800 m apart, is one of the world's largest metro stations. In 2016, it has been ranked as the best public transport system in the world by the ITDP with all Parisians having an easy access to rapid transport, ahead of 26 other international cities, including London and New York City. However, the system has generally poor disabled accessibility, because most stations were built well before this became a consideration. Read more...
Paris is known as the City of Light. Part of the credit for this sobriquet can be ascribed to long-standing city ordinances that have restricted the height of buildings in the central city. A more modest skyline, interrupted only by the Eiffel Tower, the Tour Montparnasse, Sacré-Coeur, and a few church steeples, lends this city's citizens virtually unfettered access to natural light. Nonetheless, another significant contributor to the feeling of openness in Paris is the vast number of public spaces, both green and paved, interspersed throughout all twenty arrondissements, that afford the citizen the opportunity to escape, if only momentarily, his urban environment and partake of air and light like his cousins in the provinces. The following article (and its accompanying list) concern the public spaces known as squares and places in Paris. Read more...
The Palais de la Cité and Sainte-Chapelle as viewed from the Left Bank, from the Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry (1410), month of June
The oldest traces of human occupation in Paris, discovered in 2008 near the Rue Henri-Farman in the 15th arrondissement, are human bones and evidence of an encampment of hunter-gatherers dating from about 8000 BC, during the Mesolithic period.
Between 250 and 225 BC, the Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, settled at Nanterre on the banks of the Seine, built bridges and a fort, minted coins, and began to trade with other river settlements in Europe.
In 52 BC, a Roman army led by Titus Labienus defeated the Parisii and established a Gallo-Roman garrison town called Lutetia. The town was Christianised in the 3rd century AD, and after the collapse of the Roman Empire, it was occupied by Clovis I, the King of the Franks, who made it his capital in 508. Read more...- Paris, including both the City of Paris and the Île-de-France region (Paris Region), is the most important center of economic activity in France, accounting for about thirty percent of the French GDP. The economy of the City of Paris, in the center of the Region, is based largely on services and commerce: of the 390,480 of its enterprises, 80.6 percent are engaged in commerce, transportation, and diverse services, 6.5 percent in construction, and just 3.8 percent in industry.
The story is similar in the Paris Region, or Île-de-France, as a whole. 76.7 percent of enterprises are engaged in commerce and services, and 3.4 percent in industry. 59.5 percent of employees in the region are engaged in commerce, transport and diverse services, 26.9 percent in public administration, health and social services, 8.2 percent industry, and 5.2 percent in construction. Read more...
The topography, or physical lay of the land, of Paris, the capital of France, is relatively flat, with an elevation of 35 m (115 ft) above sea level, but it contains a number of hills:- Montmartre: 130 m (430 ft) above sea level (ASL). It was leveled in the 18th century.
- Belleville: 148 m (486 ft) ASL
- Menilmontant: 108 m (354 ft) ASL
- Buttes-Chaumont: 80 m (260 ft) ASL
- Passy: 71 m (233 ft) ASL
- Chaillot: 67 m (220 ft) ASL
- Montagne Sainte-Geneviève: 61 m (200 ft) ASL
- Butte-aux-Cailles: 62 m (203 ft) ASL
- Montparnasse: 66 m (217 ft) ASL
The highest elevation in the City of Paris is not, as often thought, on the hill of Montmartre, where the Basilica of Sacré-Cœur is located, but on the hill of Belleville on the rue du Télégraphe [fr], which reaches 148 m (486 ft). In the greater urban area, the highest point is in the Forest of Montmorency (Val-d'Oise département), 19.5 km (12.1 mi) north-northwest of the center of Paris as the crow flies, at 195 metres (640 ft) above sea level. Read more...
The Eiffel Tower, Paris
Paris syndrome (French: Syndrome de Paris, Japanese: パリ症候群, Pari shōkōgun) is a transient mental disorder exhibited by some individuals when visiting or going on vacation to Paris, as a result of extreme shock derived from their discovery that Paris is not what they had expected it to be. The syndrome is characterized by a number of psychiatric symptoms such as acute delusional states, hallucinations, feelings of persecution (perceptions of being a victim of prejudice, aggression, or hostility from others), derealization, depersonalization, anxiety, and also psychosomatic manifestations such as dizziness, tachycardia, sweating, and others, such as vomiting. Similar syndromes include Jerusalem syndrome and Stendhal syndrome. The condition is commonly viewed as a severe form of culture shock. It is particularly noted among Japanese travelers. It is not listed as a recognised condition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Read more...
Map showing the extent of the Paris metropolitan area at the 1999 census, when it included 1,584 communes and covered 14,518 km². Since then, the Paris metropolitan area has absorbed 214 further communes (not shown on the map), so that by the 2010 census it included 1,798 communes and covered 17,174 km².
The Paris metropolitan area (French: aire urbaine de Paris, pronounced [ɛʁ yʁbɛn də paʁi]) is a statistical area that describes the reach of commuter movement to and from Paris, France and its surrounding suburbs. Read more...- The culture of Paris concerns the arts, music, museums, festivals and other entertainment in Paris, the capital city of France. The city is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centers; entertainment, music, media, fashion, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities.
Paris is also home to notable cultural attractions such as the Louvre, Musée Picasso, Musée Rodin, Musée du Montparnasse, and Musée National d'Art Moderne. The Musée d'Orsay and Musée de l'Orangerie are notable for housing Impressionist era masterpieces, while art and artifacts from the Middle Ages can be seen in Musée Cluny. Read more... - Paris has steadily increased its network of bicycle paths since the late 1990s. there is 700 km (430 mi) of cycling routes in Paris, including bike paths and bus lanes that had been widened for use by bike riders. Read more...
The Catholic Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: Archidioecesis Parisiensis; French: Archidiocèse de Paris) is one of twenty-three archdioceses of the Catholic Church in France. The original diocese is traditionally thought to have been created in the 3rd century by St. Denis and corresponded with the Civitas Parisiorum; it was elevated to an archdiocese on October 20, 1622. Read more...
Superimposed on a complex map of streets and wide boulevards that evolved much until, but changed little after, the late 19th century, Paris is the centre of a national, and with air travel, international, complex transportation system. On a national level, it is the centre of a 'star' of road and railway, and at a more local level, it is covered with a dense mesh of bus, tram and metro service networks. Read more...
France (French: [fʁɑ̃s]), officially the French Republic (French: République française; French pronunciation: [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast, Switzerland and Italy to the east, and Andorra and Spain to the south. The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. The country's 18 integral regions (five of which are situated overseas) span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) and a total population of 67.3 million (). France, a sovereign state, is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban areas include Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lille and Nice.
During the Iron Age, what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people. Rome annexed the area in 51 BC, holding it until the arrival of Germanic Franks in 476, who formed the Kingdom of France. France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages following its victory in the Hundred Years' War (1337 to 1453). During the Renaissance, French culture flourished and a global colonial empire was established, which by the 20th century would become the second largest in the world. The 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars between Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots). France became Europe's dominant cultural, political, and military power in the 17th century under Louis XIV. In the late 18th century, the French Revolution overthrew the absolute monarchy, established one of modern history's earliest republics, and saw the drafting of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which expresses the nation's ideals to this day. Read more...- In the early 9th century, the emperor Charlemagne mandated all churches to give lessons in reading, writing and basic arithmetic to their parishes, and cathedrals to give a higher-education in the finer arts of language, physics, music, and theology; at that time, Paris was already one of France's major cathedral towns and beginning its rise to fame as a scholastic centre. By the early 13th century, the Île de la Cité Notre-Dame cathedral school had many famous teachers, and the controversial teachings of some of these led to the creation of a separate Left-Bank Sainte-Genevieve University that would become the centre of Paris's scholastic Latin Quarter best represented by the Sorbonne university.
The Lycée Louis-le-Grand.
Twelve centuries later, education in Paris and the Paris region (Île-de-France région) employs approximately 330,000 people, 170,000 of which are teachers and professors teaching approximately 2.9 million children and students in around 9,000 primary, secondary, and higher education schools and institutions. Read more...
The Réseau Express Régional (English: Regional Express Network), commonly abbreviated RER (French pronunciation: [ɛʁ.ə.ɛʁ]), is a hybrid suburban commuter/rapid transit system serving Paris, France and its suburbs. The RER combines the operations and roles of a local city-centre underground rail system and suburbs-to-city-center commuter rail. Inside the city center, the RER functions much like the Métro, but is faster as it has fewer stops. This has made it a model for proposals to improve transit within other cities. The network consists of five lines: A, B, C, D and E. The network has 258 stations and has several connections with the Paris Métro within the city of Paris. The lines are identified by letters to avoid confusion with the Métro lines, which are identified by numbers. The RER is still expanding: Line E, which opened in 1999, is planned for westward extension in two phases by 2020–2022. Read more...- There are many bridges in the city of Paris, principally over the River Seine, but also over the Canal de l'Ourcq. Read more...
The Mayor of Paris (French: Maire de Paris) is the chief executive of Paris, the capital and largest city in the France. The Mayor is responsible for the administration and management of the city, submits proposals and recommendations to the Paris City Council, is active in the enforcement of the city’s ordinances, submits the city’s annual budget and appoints city officers, department commissioners or directors, and members of city boards and commissions. During meetings of the City Council, the Mayor serves as the presiding officer. Read more...
This article presents the main landmarks in the City of Paris within its administrative limits divided by the 20 Arrondissements of Paris, (Administrative Units). Landmarks located in the suburbs of Paris, outside of its administrative limits, while within the "metropolitan area" are not included in this article. Read more...
Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (French: Aéroport de Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle, IATA: CDG, ICAO: LFPG), also known as Roissy Airport (name of the local district), is the largest international airport in France and the second largest in Europe. It is named after Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970), leader of the Free French Forces during the Second World War, founder of the French Fifth Republic and President of France from 1959 to 1969. Charles de Gaulle Airport is located within portions of several communes 25 km (16 mi) to the northeast of Paris. Charles de Gaulle Airport serves as the principal hub for Air France and other legacy carriers (from Star Alliance, Oneworld and SkyTeam), as well as a focus city for low-cost carriers easyJet, Vueling, and Norwegian Air Shuttle. The Airport is operated by Groupe ADP under the brand Paris Aéroport.
In 2017, the airport handled 69,471,442 passengers and 475,654 aircraft movements, thus making it the world's tenth-busiest airport, and Europe's second-busiest airport (after London Heathrow) in terms of passenger numbers. In terms of cargo traffic, the airport is the twelfth-busiest in the world and the second-busiest in Europe (after Frankfurt Airport), handling 2,150,950 metric tonnes of cargo in 2012. Marc Houalla has been the director of the airport since 12 February 2018. Read more...
The Roman Catholic Basilique du Sacré-Cœur
French census data does not contain information about religious affiliation. According to a 2011 survey by IFOP, a French public opinion research organisation, 61 percent of residents of the Paris Region (Île-de-France) identified themselves as Roman Catholic, though just 15 percent said they were practising Catholics, while 46 percent were non-practicing. In the same survey, 7 percent of residents identified themselves as Muslims, 4 percent as Protestants, 2 percent as Jewish, and 25 percent as without religion.
According to INSEE, the French government statistical office, between 4 and 5 million French residents were born or had at least one parent born in a predominantly Muslim country, particularly Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. An IFOP survey in 2008 reported that, of immigrants from these predominantly Muslim countries, 25 percent went to the mosque regularly; 41 percent practised the religion, and 34 percent were believers but did not practice the religion. In 2012 and 2013, it was estimated that there were almost 500,000 Muslims in the City of Paris, 1.5 million Muslims in the Île-de-France region, and 4 to 5 million Muslims in France. Read more...
The Île-de-France tramways (French: Tramways d'Île-de-France) consists of a network of modern tram lines in the Île-de-France region of France. Ten lines are currently operational (counting Lines 3a and 3b as separate lines), with extensions and additional lines in the planning and construction stage. Although the system mainly runs in the suburban regions of Paris, lines T3a and T3b run entirely within Paris city limits (although line T3b also runs in Pantin), and line T2 also does so for part of its route. While the lines operate independently of each other and are generally unconnected, some connections do exist: between lines T2 and T3a (at the Porte de Versailles station, since 2009), T3a and T3b (at the Porte de Vincennes station, since 2012), T1 and T5 (at the Marché de Saint-Denis station, since 2013), T1 and T8 (at the Saint-Denis train station, since 2014) and T8 and T11 Express (at two stations : Villetaneuse-Université and Épinay-sur-Seine, since 2009). However, the final design of the entire planned tram network is fairly integrated.
Almost all lines (Lines 4 & 11 Express being the sole exceptions) are operated by the Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP), which also operates the Paris Métro and most bus services in the Paris immediate area. Furthermore, while most lines use conventional steel-wheel rolling stock, two lines (T5 and T6) use rubber-tired trams. Moreover, line T4, which uses tram-train technology, is operated by the French national rail operator SNCF as part of its Transilien regional rail network. Line T11 Express, which also uses tram-train technology, is operated by SNCF's subsubsidiary Transkeo. Read more...
A gargoyle of Notre-Dame
Tourism in Paris is a major income source. In 2017, 33.8 million tourists visited the city and her region. The city remains year after year the most visited one in the world ahead of London and New York City. The top reason to come are sightseeing and shopping. The city is the largest Airbnb market in the world. Top sights: Notre Dame (12 million visitors in 2017), Disneyland Paris (11), Sacre Coeur (10), Versailles Palace (7.7), the Louvre Museum (6.9), the Eiffel Tower (5.9), Centre Pompidou (3.33), Musee d'Orsay (3). In the Paris region, the largest numbers of foreign tourists came in order from Britain, the United States, Germany, Italy, China and Canada.
In 2012, 263,212 salaried workers in the city of Paris, or 18.4 percent of the total number, were engaged in tourism-related sectors; hotels, catering, transport and leisure. In 2014 visitors to Paris spent 17 billion dollars (13.58 billion Euros), the third highest sum globally after London and New York. Read more...
Location of airport in Île-de-France region
Paris Orly Airport (French: Aéroport de Paris-Orly), commonly referred to as Orly (IATA: ORY, ICAO: LFPO), is an international airport located partially in Orly and partially in Villeneuve-le-Roi, 7 NM (13 km; 8.1 mi) south of Paris, France. It serves as a secondary hub for domestic and overseas territories flights of Air France and as the homebase for Transavia France. Flights operate to destinations in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Caribbean, North America and Southeast Asia. Prior to the construction of Charles de Gaulle Airport, Orly was the main airport of Paris. Even with the shift of most international traffic to Charles de Gaulle Airport, Orly remains the busiest French airport for domestic traffic and the second busiest French airport overall in passenger traffic, with 32,042,475 passengers in 2017. The Airport is operated by Groupe ADP under the brand Paris Aéroport. Since February 2018, the CEO of the airport is Régis Lacote. Read more...
Paris, the capital of France, has many of the country's most important libraries. The Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF; in English "national library of France") operates public libraries in Paris, among them the François-Mitterrand, Richelieu, Louvois, Opéra, and Arsenal. Read more...- The tallest structure in the City of Paris and the Île de France remains the Eiffel Tower in the 7th arrondissement, 300 meters high, completed in 1889 as the gateway to the 1889 Paris Universal Exposition. The tallest building in the Paris region is the Tour First, at 231 meters, located in La Defense. It is tied for ninth place among the Tallest buildings in the European Union. The tallest building within the city limits of Paris is the Tour Montparnasse, 210 meters high.
The Paris region has two of the tallest twenty-five building in the European Union; the Tour First and the Tour Montparnasse. As of 2018, there are 18 skyscrapers that reach a roof height of at least 150 metres (490 ft). Read more...
Île-de-France (/ˌiːldə-/; French: [il də fʁɑ̃s] (
listen), literally "Island of France"), often known colloquially as the région parisienne ("Parisian Region"), is one of the 18 regions of France and includes the city of Paris. It covers 12,012 square kilometres (4,638 square miles) and has its own regional council and president. It had an official estimated population of 12,246,234 as of January 1, 2018, or 18.2% of the population of France. The urban area of the Commune of Paris covers almost the entire area of the region.
The region is made up of eight administrative departments as defined by French law: Paris, Essonne, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-et-Marne, Val-de-Marne, Val-d'Oise and Yvelines. Created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961, it was renamed after the historic province of Île-de-France in 1976 when its administrative status was aligned with the other French administrative regions created in 1972. Residents are sometimes referred to as Franciliens, an administrative word created in the 1980s. Read more...- Aéroports de Paris S.A., doing business as Paris Aéroport and formerly as Aéroports de Paris or ADP, is the brand owned by Groupe ADP that applies to all Parisian international airports:
It is headquartered on the grounds of Charles de Gaulle International Airport and in the commune of Tremblay-en-France, Seine-Saint-Denis, in the Paris metropolitan area. Read more... - The city of Paris has notable examples of architecture of every period from the Middle Ages to the 21st century. It was the birthplace of the Gothic style, and has important monuments of the French Renaissance, the Classical revival, and flamboyant style of the reign of Napoleon III; the Belle Époque, and the Art Nouveau style. The great Paris Universal Expositions of 1889 and 1900 added Paris landmarks, including the Eiffel Tower and Grand Palais. In the 20th century, the Art Deco style of architecture first appeared in Paris, and Paris architects also influenced the postmodern architecture of the second half of the century. Read more...
A Transilien train at Luzarches
Transilien (pronounced [tʁɑ̃s.il.jɛ̃]) is the SNCF Mobilités suburban rail network serving mainly Ile-de-France train stations. "Transilien" is a derivative of Francilien, the demonym for people living in Île-de-France. The area covered does not correspond exactly with the administrative boundaries of the region: the trains also serve several stations located in Normandy, in the Hauts-de-France and in the Centre-Val de Loire regions. On the other hand, some stations located at the margins of the region are not served by the network, but only by regional express trains (TER) from neighboring regions. Transilien is the heir to suburban trains that existed since the late nineteenth century.
Transilien operates jointly with RATP the first two lines of the regional express network of Île-de-France (RER): line A and line B. Transilien also operates the other three lines of this network: line C, the line D and line E. The regional express network of Île-de-France (RER) crosses right through the Paris basement ("crossing" expected only in 2022 for line E).
This network also includes ten other "Transilien" non-RER lines (lines H, J, K, L, N, P, R, U, T4 and T11 Express), which leave and end in the major Parisian stations, at the exception of line U linking the Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines urban area to the La Défense business district, tramway line 4 linking the Aulnay-sous-Bois and Bondy railway stations, and tramway line 11 Express which connects, for now, the Épinay-sur-Seine and Bourget train stations. Read more...
Did you know...
- ... that the George Washington Air Junction was designed to be the world's largest airport, larger than the New York, London, Berlin, Paris, Chicago, and Philadelphia airports combined?
- ... that as the German army invaded France in 1940, radio station Paris-Mondial began broadcasting "recordings of military marches and panicked appeals for guns, tanks, and planes"?
- ... that while studying art in Paris, impoverished Canadian painter Henri Beau copied eleven paintings hanging in the Louvre and sold them to support himself?
- ... that Hungarian politician Béla Grünwald telegraphed the news of his death to his party leader before committing suicide in Paris?
- ... that during the 1920 debut of his furniture music at the Galerie Barbazanges in Paris, composer Erik Satie begged the audience not to listen to the music?
- ... that Auguste Le Guennant, the director of the Gregorian Institute of Paris, had Duruflé's Quatre Motets sur des thèmes grégoriens dedicated to him?
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Selected images
Anti-terrorism demonstration on the Place de la République after the Charlie Hebdo shooting, 11 January 2015
The Eiffel Tower and the La Défense disctrict.
Richelieu reading room, National Library of France
Column dedicated to Paris near the Baths of Diocletian in Rome
The Palais de la Cité and Sainte-Chapelle, viewed from the Left Bank, from the Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry (month of June) (1410)
A map of the arrondissements of Paris
In 2017 Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport was the second-busiest airport in Europe and the tenth-busiest airport in the world.
Republican Guards parading on Bastille Day
Tourists from around the world make the Louvre the most-visited art museum in the world.
Camille Pissarro, Boulevard Montmartre, 1897, Hermitage Museum
The lawns of the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont on a sunny day
The Hôtel de Ville, or city hall, has been at the same site since 1357.
The Paris Catacombs hold the remains of approximately 6 million people.
The Paris Opera was the centrepiece of Napoleon III's new Paris. The architect, Charles Garnier, described the style simply as "Napoleon the Third."
The Eiffel Tower, under construction in November 1888, startled Parisians – and the world – with its modernity.
The Opéra Bastille
The Roman Catholic Basilique du Sacré-Cœur
The former main building of the University of Paris is now used by classes from Paris-Sorbonne University and other autonomous campuses.
The Axe historique, pictured here from Concorde to Grande Arche of La Défense
The Jardin du Luxembourg, and the Panthéon in the background
General Charles de Gaulle on the Champs-Élysées celebrating the liberation of Paris (26 August 1944)
Magdalena Frackowiak at Paris Fashion Week (Fall 2011)
The Palais-Royal, residence of the Conseil d'État
Les Deux Magots café on Boulevard Saint-Germain
The Paris Métro is the busiest subway network in the European Union.
Pierre Mignard, Self-portrait, between 1670 and 1690, oil on canvas, 235 cm × 188 cm (93 in × 74 in), Louvre
The Comédie Française (Salle Richelieu)
Paris and its suburbs, as seen from the Spot Satellite
The Élysée Palace, residence of the French President
The storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, by Jean-Baptiste Lallemand, (Musée de la Révolution française)
Minaret of the Grand Mosque of Paris
Olympia, a famous music hall
The Gare du Nord railway station is the busiest in Europe.
A view of the Seine, the Île de la Cité and a Bateau Mouche
Auguste Renoir, Bal du moulin de la Galette, 1876, oil on canvas, 131 cm × 175 cm (52 in × 69 in), Musée d'Orsay
In the news
- 11 November 2018 – World War I centenary
- Around 70 world leaders in Paris mark the centenary of the 1918 Armistice which ended World War I. (ABS-CBN News)
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