President of Lithuania

President of the Republic of Lithuania
Lietuvos Respublikos Prezidentas
Presidential Coat of Arms
Presidential Standard
Incumbent Gitanas Nauseda since 12 July 2019
Style	Mr President (informal) His Excellency (diplomatic)
Type	Head of state
Member of	European Council
Residence	Presidential Palace, Vilnius
Appointer	Direct election
Term length	Five years, renewable once consecutively
Inaugural holder	Antanas Smetona
Formation	4 April 1919 (1919-04-04)
Abolished	1940–1991
Salary	€70,000 annually
Website	www.president.lt

The President of the Republic of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Respublikos Prezidentas) is the head of state of Lithuania.

Powers

The President has somewhat more executive authority than his counterparts in Estonia and Latvia; his function is very similar to that of the presidents of France and Romania. Similarly to them, but unlike Presidents in a fully presidential system such as the United States, he generally has the most authority in foreign affairs. In addition to the customary diplomatic powers of Heads of State, namely receiving the letters of credence of foreign ambassadors and signing treaties, the President determines Lithuania's basic foreign policy guidelines. He is also the commander-in-chief of the Lithuanian Armed Forces, and accordingly heads the State Defense Council and has the right to appoint the Chief of Defence (subject to Seimas consent).

The President also has a significant role in domestic policy. He has the right to submit bills to the Seimas and to veto laws passed by it, appoints the Prime Minister and approves the government formed by him, and has the right to dissolve the Seimas and call snap elections following a successful motion of no confidence or if the Seimas refuses to approve the government's budget within sixty days. However, the next elected Seimas may retaliate by calling for an earlier presidential election.

Finally, the President ensures an effective judiciary; he nominates one-third of the judges of the Constitutional Court, and the entirety of the Supreme Court, for appointment by the Seimas, and has the right to directly appoint all other judges.

Election

Under the Constitution of Lithuania adopted in 1992, the president is elected to a five-year term under a modified two-round system: a candidate requires an absolute majority of the vote and either voter turnout to be above 50% or for their vote share to be equivalent to at least one-third of the number of registered voters to win the election in the first round. If no candidate does so, the two candidates with the most votes face each other in a second round held two weeks later.

If the president dies or becomes incapacitated while in office, the Speaker of the Seimas assumes the office until a new president can be inaugurated following fresh elections.

List of Presidents (1992 Onwards)

No	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Took office	Left office	Affiliation/Notes
4		Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–2010)	—	25 November 1992	25 February 1993	First post-Soviet President.
			1993	25 February 1993	25 February 1998
5		Valdas Adamkus (born 1926)	1997–98	26 February 1998	26 February 2003
6		Rolandas Paksas (born 1956)	2002–03	26 February 2003	6 April 2004	Impeached and removed from office.
-		Artūras Paulauskas (born 1953)	—	6 April 2004	12 July 2004	As leader of Seimas, temporarily performed the duties of the President until the next election.
7		Valdas Adamkus (born 1926)	2004	12 July 2004	12 July 2009
8		Dalia Grybauskaitė (born 1956)	2009 2014	12 July 2009	12 July 2019	First female President of Lithuania. Became the first President to be reelected.
9		Gitanas Nausėda (born 1964)	2019	12 July 2019	Incumbent

See also

• List of rulers of Lithuania