Robert Lawrence Kuhn

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Robert Lawrence Kuhn
Robert Lawrence Kuhn (cropped).jpeg
Kuhn on the set of Closer to Truth
Born (1944-11-06) November 6, 1944 (age 78)
New York
NationalityAmerican
EducationJohns Hopkins University (BA.)
University of California at Los Angeles (Ph.D.)
MIT Sloan School of Management (M.S.)
Occupation(s)Investment banker, author
Notable workThe Man Who Changed China
SpouseDora Serviarian Kuhn
AwardsChina Reform Friendship Medal

Robert Lawrence Kuhn[1] (born November 6, 1944) is a public intellectual, international corporate strategist and investment banker. He has been called “one of the Western world’s most prolific interpreters of Beijing’s policies.”[2] Outside China Kuhn's work has largely been "panned" as "fawning work of hagiography",[3] pro-China propaganda,[4] or as spouting demonstrably untrue statements,[5] whereas within China, Kuhn's books have reportedly achieved sales records only eclipsed by Harry Potter.[3] Kuhn has a doctorate in neuroscience and is the author and editor of over 25 books. Kuhn is a recipient of the China Reform Friendship Medal, China's highest award; he is a long-time adviser to China's leaders and the Chinese government, to multinational corporations on China strategies and transactions, and is a frequent commentator on the politics, economics, business, finance, philosophy and science of China. Kuhn is a columnist for China Daily and South China Morning Post and appears on the BBC, CNN, China Central Television (CCTV), Bloomberg and other major media. Kuhn is the creator, writer and host of the show Closer to China with R.L. Kuhn[6] and The Watcher[7] and Xi's Deep Message[8] commentaries. Kuhn is the creator, writer and host of the public television series Closer to Truth, which presents scientists and philosophers discussing fundamental issues (cosmos, consciousness, philosophy/religion).[9] Kuhn's presentation, Asking Ultimate Questions,[10] is the foundation of Closer To Truth.

Education[edit]

Kuhn received a bachelor's degree in human biology from Johns Hopkins University (Phi Beta Kappa) in 1964, a PhD in anatomy and brain research from the University of California, Los Angeles' Brain Research Institute in 1968 and a Master of Science in management as a Sloan fellow from the MIT Sloan School of Management in 1980.[11]

Career[edit]

China[edit]

Kuhn was awarded the China Reform Friendship Medal by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) general secretary and paramount leader Xi Jinping and Chinese leaders at the celebration of the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up (December 18, 2018). The medal honors 10 foreigners who facilitated China's reform and opening up over the four decades. Five of the foreigners are living; Kuhn is one of two Americans.[12][13]

As reported in The Wire China (2020), Kuhn has carved out a niche for himself as one of the Western world’s most prolific interpreters of Beijing’s policies. The brain researcher-turned-investment banker has spent 20 years currying favor with China’s leadership and gaining remarkable access. In fact, with the possible exception of Henry Kissinger and former Goldman Sachs CEO and Secretary of the Treasury Henry Paulson, arguably no other American citizen has spent more time with China’s top leaders.”[2]

During the 19th National Congress of the CCP, Kuhn was interviewed extensively, including multiple times on CNN, BBC World News and BBC World Service, CGTN, and CCTV, and he was quoted extensively. His full-page, in-depth analyses of the 19th CCP National Congress were featured in China Daily to open the Congress ("Historical Starting Point for New Stage of Development")[14] and to close the Congress ("New Era on the Road to 2050").[15]

Kuhn has written on CCP general secretary Xi Jinping's "core" status in the CCP ("Why China needs Xi Jinping as its core leader"),[16] the elimination of term limits for China's leadership ("Xi Jinping's power has a purpose—one person to see China through its development plans").,[17] and the Sixth Plenum of the CCP Central Committee (November, 2021) ("Sixth plenum: with Xi at the helm, a new era when China becomes strong")[18]

Kuhn provided the live commentary on CNN during CCP general secretary Xi Jinping's policy address in Seattle on September 2, 2015, during Xi's state visit to the US.[19] Kuhn spoke at the launch ceremony of Xi's book, entitled Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, at the Frankfurt Book Fair on October 8, 2014.[20]

Kuhn writes on Xi's Four Comprehensives political theory of governance,[21][22] and on understanding the CCP.[23][24]

In 1989, he was invited to China by the director of the State Science and Technology Commission, Song Jian, whom Kuhn considers his mentor.[25]

Kuhn is the author of How China's Leaders Think: The Inside Story of China's Past, Current and Future Leaders, featuring exclusive discussions with more than 100 Chinese leaders and featuring CCP leader Xi Jinping.[25]

He wrote The Man Who Changed China: The Life and Legacy of Jiang Zemin.[26] It was the first biography of a living Chinese leader and was a best-seller in China in 2005.[27][28]

Kuhn is the host and co-producer of Closer To China with R.L. Kuhn, a weekly series on China Global Television Network (CGTN); co-created and co-produced by Adam Zhu, it tells the story of China through discussions with China's thought leaders and decision-makers in all sectors.[29]

Kuhn created, writes and presents The Watcher.[7]

Kuhn is creator, writer and host of the five-part public television TV series China's Challenges, co-produced with Shanghai Media Group and Adam Zhu, and directed by Peter Getzels, which won first prize in China News Award.[30]

[31]

The Geneva Companies[edit]

From 1991 to 2001, Kuhn was president and co-owner of the Geneva Companies, a mergers and acquisitions (M&A) firm representing privately owned, middle-market companies. In 2000 Kuhn sold the Geneva Companies to Citigroup.[32]

Closer to Truth[edit]

Closer to Truth is a continuing television series on PBS and public television stations, created, executive-produced, written and hosted by Kuhn, and produced and directed by Peter Getzels. The series premiered in 2000. The current series, Closer to Truth: Cosmos. Consciousness. Meaning/God, is in its 19th season. See List of Closer to Truth episodes. The series offers candid, in-depth conversations with leading scientists, philosophers, theologians and scholars, covering Cosmos (cosmology/physics, philosophy of science), Consciousness (brain/mind, philosophy of mind) and Meaning/God (philosophy of religion). The accompanying website features over 4,000 videos of conversations. Kuhn's presentation, Asking Ultimate Questions,[33] is the foundation of Closer To Truth.

Criticism and controversy[edit]

In Forbes, Gordon G. Chang wrote that How China’s Leaders Think: the Inside Story of China’s Reform and What This Means for the Future was difficult to even read to completion, saying, "Kuhn stated--on the fifth page of the introduction--that Chinese leaders are not authoritarians. That’s demonstrably untrue, but I struggled on for another hundred pages before finally realizing there was no point in reading a work of propaganda." Chang also wrote, "Kuhn merely repeats what the Communist Party says about itself and accepts its words at face value, taking obsequiousness to new heights."[34]

A book review essay on Kuhn's The Man Who Changed China was written by Bruce Gilley and published in the Foreign Affairs. Gilley said it was actually better understood as an officially sanctioned autobiography, presenting an image that China's leaders want the world to see. Additionally, he said the writing of the book was, beginning in 2001, overseen by a secret state propaganda team.[35] John Walsh, an assistant Professor at Shinawatra University, presumed that as a result of interviewing people who had favorable views of Jiang Zemin, he said that the first part of this book was "close to hagiography".[36]

In the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs Bruce Gilley—Adjunct Professor of International Affairs at the New School University—reported on conflicts of interest and censorship issues involved in the publication of Kuhn's book from 2005, The Man Who Changed China: The Life and Legacy of Jiang Zemin. Gilley stated that the official government of China had removed as much as 10 percent of the content from the book in the Chinese language version, whereas the English language version was also modified to suit what the Chinese government deemed appropriate for Chinese and non-Chinese audiences to see. Gilley is quoted as saying,[4]

Beginning in 2001, a secret state propaganda team oversaw the writing of the book. Ten percent of the English version was censored for the Chinese edition, but 90 percent remained the same: the book's main intended market was China itself (where it appeared simultaneously in Chinese and quickly sold a million copies). This is the image that Jiang and China's new leaders want their people to see. How then do they style themselves, and what does this mean for China's future?[4]

Kuhn responded in the January/February 2006 issue of Foreign Affairs:[37]

My intention (as stated in the book itself, on pages 691-92) was to move beyond all the hype and bias about China so as to understand how Chinese leaders think.... Jiang didn't choose me; I chose Jiang. The book was my idea; I planned it, financed it, and wrote it to trace China's story through eight tumultuous decades of trauma and transformation. I had help -- translators, researchers, editors -- but I maintained absolute editorial control and made every editorial decision, and no one in China ever thought otherwise….

My rendition of events, such as the U.S. bombing of the Chinese embassy in Yugoslavia in 1999, differs markedly from that of the official Chinese media. In a publisher's note, Chinese readers are advised: "Certain viewpoints and opinions of the author, as a Westerner, bear a definite distance from those of our own. Hopefully the reader will understand."

My book is unprecedented -- the first biography of a living leader published on the mainland. Furthermore, there is inside information in it that Chinese media and officials aver that they never knew. One reporter complained publicly about the fact that this breakthrough was made by a foreigner.[37]

According to The Wire China, in the 17 years since his book’s publication, "Kuhn has regularly deflected accusations that he is a propagandist for the Chinese government. Instead, Kuhn says, he has spent the past few decades 'helping the world understand China and China understand the world' — efforts he hopes are in the best interest of the U.S. and China.”[2] After Jiang Zemin died on November 30, 2022, Kuhn published his personal reflections, concluding, "History will be kind to Jiang Zemin."[38]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Dr. Robert Kuhn". ichannel. Archived from the original on May 17, 2011. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c Schiavenza, Matt (September 27, 2020). "Inside Man". The Wire China. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  3. ^ a b Pottinger, Matt (March 9, 2005). "A U.S. Flop, American's Book On Jiang Zemin Wows China". Wall Street Journal. Wallstreet Journal. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  4. ^ a b c Gilley, Bruce. "In China's Own Eyes". The New York Times. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  5. ^ Chang, Gordon G. "Politically Incorrect". Forbes. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  6. ^ "Homepage, Closer to China with Robert Kuhn, CCTV.com - English_CCTV.com". China Central Television. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
  7. ^ a b "The Watcher - Environmental Protection and the Road to 2035".
  8. ^ "Xi's "Common Prosperity": The deep message".
  9. ^ International Society for Science & Religion. "Robert Lawrence Kuhn". International Society for Science and Religion.
  10. ^ "Asking Ultimate Questions on Closer To Truth". YouTube.
  11. ^ Global Horizons: America's Challenge in Science and Innovation. "Speaker Biographies". University of Southern California. Archived from the original on May 30, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  12. ^ "10 foreigners given medals for roles in reform, opening-up". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
  13. ^ "China salutes 10 foreign friends". December 18, 2018.
  14. ^ "Historical starting point for new stage of development - Opinion - Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  15. ^ "New era on the road to 2050 - Opinion - Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  16. ^ "Why China needs Xi Jinping as its core leader". South China Morning Post. November 20, 2016. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  17. ^ "Why the party trusts Xi Jinping with total control". South China Morning Post. March 9, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  18. ^ "Sixth plenum: with Xi at the helm, a new era when China becomes strong". South China Morning Post. November 10, 2021. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
  19. ^ "Xi Jinping visits the United States". Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  20. ^ "Xi's book on governance debuts at German fair". sina.com. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  21. ^ "Xi makes his governance comprehensive-Comment -chinadaily.com.cn". chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  22. ^ "Xi Jinping's 'Four Comprehensives' show the depth of his leadership". South China Morning Post. July 30, 2015. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  23. ^ 殷涛. "Understanding Communist Party of China". chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  24. ^ "To know China, one must understand the Communist Party". South China Morning Post. May 26, 2015. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  25. ^ a b Robert Lawrence Kuhn (November 19, 2009). How China's Leaders Think: The Inside Story of China's Reform and What This Means for the Future. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 278–. ISBN 978-0-470-82590-7.
  26. ^ The Man Who Changed China: The Life and Legacy of Jiang Zemin: Robert Lawrence Kuhn: Amazon.com: Books. January 11, 2005. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  27. ^ Gilley, Bruce (September–October 2005). "In China's Own Eyes". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  28. ^ Kuhn, Robert Lawrence, and Bruce Gillery (January–February 2006). "One Country, Two Prisms". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
  29. ^ "Closer to China with R.L.Kuhn". Retrieved October 22, 2015.
  30. ^ 毕楠. "TV series aims to 'decode' China". chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  31. ^ "China salutes 10 foreign friends". December 18, 2018.
  32. ^ Reckard, E. Scott (September 14, 2000). "Citigroup to Acquire Irvine-Based Geneva Group for $200 Million". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  33. ^ "Asking Ultimate Questions on Closer To Truth". YouTube.
  34. ^ Chang, Gordon G. "Politically Incorrect". Forbes. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
  35. ^ "In China's Own Eyes". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
  36. ^ "The Asian Review of Books". asianreviewofbooks.com. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
  37. ^ a b Kuhn, Robert Lawrence; Gilley, Bruce (January 28, 2009). "One Country, Two Prisms". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  38. ^ Kuhn, Robert Lawrence (December 6, 2020). "History will be kind to the meticulous and curious Jiang Zemin". South China Morning Post. Retrieved December 11, 2022.
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