Rosatom
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Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation (Rosatom) (Template:Lang-ru), is a state corporation (non-profit organization) in Russia, established in 2007, the regulatory body of the Russian nuclear complex. It is headquartered in Moscow. Rosatom is the only vendor in the world able to offer the nuclear industry’s entire range of products and services.[1] It runs all nuclear assets of the Russian Federation, both civil and weapons. Along with commercial activities which move forward nuclear power and nuclear fuel cycle facilities, it acts as a governmental agent, primarily in the field of national security (nuclear deterrence), nuclear and radiation safety, basic and applied science. Besides, it has the authority to fulfill on behalf of the Russian Federation the international commitments undertaken by the nation with regard to the peaceful use of atomic energy and non-proliferation. The Russian Government has set three major goals for ROSATOM: ensure sustainable development of the Nuclear Weapons Complex; increase nuclear contribution in electricity generation (to 25%-30% by 2030) with continued safety improvement; and strengthen the country’s position on the global market of nuclear technology, by expanding traditional markets and winning new ones.
History
The Ministry for Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation (Template:Lang-ru), or MinAtom (МинАтом), was established on January 29, 1992 as a successor of the Ministry of Nuclear Engineering and Industry of the USSR. It was reorganized as the Federal Agency on Atomic Energy on March 9, 2004. According to the law adopted by the Russian parliament in November 2007, and signed by the President Putin in early December, the agency was transformed to a Russian state corporation.[2]
Activities
Rosatom controls nuclear power holding Atomenergoprom, nuclear weapons companies, research institutes and nuclear and radiation safety agencies. It also represents Russia in the world in the field of peaceful use of nuclear energy and protection of the non-proliferation regime.[2] Rosatom manages the Russian fleet of nuclear icebreakers through Atomflot.
OKB Gidropress, which develops the current Russian nuclear power station range VVER, is a subsidiary of Rosatom.[3] OKBM Afrikantov, which develops the current Russian nuclear power station BN-series such as BN-800 and BN-1200, is a subsidiary of Rosatom.
Projects
Rosatom is currently building 37% of nuclear reactors under construction worldwide.[4] Fennovoima, an electricity company in Finland, announced in September 2013 that it had chosen the Rosatom AES-2006 pressurized water reactor for a proposed power-generating station in Pyhäjoki, Finland. The construction contact is estimated to be worth 6.4 billion euros.[5]
On 11 November 2014 head of Rosatom Sergey Kiriyenko and head of Atomic Energy Organization of Iran Ali Akbar Salehi have signed a Protocol to Russian-Iranian Intergovernmental Agreement of 1992, according to which the sides will cooperate in construction of eight power generating units with VVER reactors. Four of these reactors are planned to be constructed for the second construction phase of Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant and four of them will be constructed on another site.[6]
Rosatom received $66.5 billion of foreign orders in 2012, including $28.9bn for nuclear plant construction, $24.7bn for uranium products and $12.9bn for nuclear fuel exports and associated activities.[7]
Rosatom also involves on large-scale projects such as ITER | ITER-Russia and FAIR | FAIR-Russia.
International NPP projects in the Russian nuclear industry
| Country | NPP Reactor | Type | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turkey | Akkuyu-1/2/3/4 | VVER-1200/491 | Under Construction (halted[8]) |
| Belarus | Belarusian-1 | VVER-1200 | Under Construction |
| Belarusian-2 | VVER-1200 | Under Construction | |
| Iran | Bushehr-1 | VVER-1000/446 | Operational |
| Bushehr-2 | VVER-1000/446 | Under Negotiation | |
| Bushehr-3 | VVER-1000/446 | Under Negotiation | |
| India | Kudankulam-1 | VVER-1000/412 | Started Production |
| Kudankulam-2 | VVER-1000/412 | Under Construction | |
| Kudankulam-3/4 | VVER-1000/412 | Under Construction | |
| Slovakia | Mochovce-3/4 | VVER-440 | negotiation |
| Vietnam | Ninh Thuan 1-1/2 | VVER-1000/428 | Under Construction |
| Ninh Thuan 1-3/4 | VVER-1000/428 | negotiation | |
| China | Tianwan-1 | VVER-1000/428 | Under Construction |
| Tianwan-2 | VVER-1000/428 | Under Construction | |
| Tianwan-3/4 | VVER-1000/428М | Under Construction | |
| Ukraine | Khmelnitskiy-3/4 | VVER-1000/392B | negotiation |
| Finland | Hanhikivi-1 | VVER-1200 | Planned |
| Bangladesh | Ruppur-1/2 | VVER-1200 | Under Construction |
| Hungary | Paks-5/6 | VVER-1200 | Deal signed. Construction planned from 2018.[9] |
| Jordan | Unit-1/2 | VVER-1000 | Planned |
| Egypt | El_Dabaa-1/2 | VVER-1200 | Deal signed. |
| Argentina | 6 Nuclear Power Plants | VVER-1200 | Deal signed. |
| South Africa | 8 Nuclear Reactors | VVER-1200 | Under Negotiations[10][11] |
| Nigeria | 2 Nuclear Power Plants | VVER-1200 | Under Negotiations |
| Cyprus | 1 Nuclear Power Plant | SMR | Offer |
Management
The first and current head of Rosatom is Sergei Kiriyenko.
See also
- Ministry of Medium Machine Building of the USSR, Soviet ministry in charge of civil nuclear activities in the USSR
- Nuclear power in Russia
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
- Institute for High Energy Physics
- Atomenergoprom, civil nuclear activities including Tekhsnabexport (fuel/uranium exporter), Energoatom
- Energy policy of Russia
References
- ^ "Benchmarking the global nuclear industry 2012 Heading for a fast recovery" (PDF). E&Y. 2012-10-11. Retrieved 2014-10-11.
- ^ a b . Rosatom. 2007-12-17 http://www.skirtingboards.com/blog/news-archive/rosatom-state-corporation-registered/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Our company". OKB Gidropress. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
- ^ "The real front in US-Russia 'Cold War'? Nuclear power". cnbc. 2014-03-23. Retrieved 2014-11-28.
- ^ "Fennovoima taps Russian supplier for nuke project". Yle Uutiset. September 3, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
- ^ "Россия и Иран расширяют сотрудничество в области мирного использования атомной энергии". 2014-11-11. Retrieved 2014-11-11.
- ^ "Rosatom aims for $72bn in foreign orders for 2013". Nuclear Engineering International. 13 November 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
- ^ "Turkish PM says no reason to halt Akkuyu plant with Russia". REUTERS. December 14, 2015. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
- ^ http://dailynewshungary.com/hungary-russia-sign-3-paks-implementation-accords/
- ^ "Russia and South Africa signed the agreement on strategic partnership in nuclear energy". Retrieved 14 August 2015.
- ^ "Media Statement : Nuclear Procurement Process Update Pretoria, 14 July 2015" (PDF). Retrieved 14 August 2015.