Russia at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

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Russia at the Paralympic Games

Flag of Russia
IPC code  RUS
NPC Russian Paralympic Committee
At the 2016 Summer Paralympics in
Competitors 0 in 0 sports
Medals Gold
0
Silver
0
Bronze
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Total
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Paralympic history (summary)
Summer Games
Winter Games
Other related appearances
Soviet Union (1988)
Unified Team (1992)

Russia was originally scheduled to compete during the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in what would have been its sixth consecutive appearance at the Summer Paralympics as an independent nation. Russia had qualified athletes in ten sports.

On 7 August 2016, the International Paralympic Committee announced that it had banned the entire Russian Paralympic team from competing in the 2016 Summer Paralympics, in the wake of a larger scandal that exposed a state-sponsored doping program involving the Russian Olympic and Paralympic teams. The decision was upheld by the Court of Arbitration for Sport.

Disability classifications[edit]

Every participant at the Paralympics has their disability grouped into one of five disability categories; amputation, the condition may be congenital or sustained through injury or illness; cerebral palsy; wheelchair athletes, there is often overlap between this and other categories; visual impairment, including blindness; Les autres, any physical disability that does not fall strictly under one of the other categories, for example dwarfism or multiple sclerosis.[1][2] Each Paralympic sport then has its own classifications, dependent upon the specific physical demands of competition. Events are given a code, made of numbers and letters, describing the type of event and classification of the athletes competing. Some sports, such as athletics, divide athletes by both the category and severity of their disabilities, other sports, for example swimming, group competitors from different categories together, the only separation being based on the severity of the disability.[3]

Pre-disqualification[edit]

5-a-side football[edit]

Russia qualified for the Paralympics after finishing second at the 2015 IBSA Blind Football European Championships. Russia opened their qualifying after beating France 1 - 0, with the lone goal coming from Egorov. In their second game of group play, they drew 0 - 0 with Belgium. Their third game of group play saw them draw with Spain 0 - 0. Their final game of group play was against Greece, whom they defeate 1 - 0 with a goal from Egorov. This put them second in their group going into elimination play where they met England who finished first in their group. The game ended in a 0 - 0 draw, with Russia winning 1 - 0 on penalties. Russia's goal came from Loktionov.[4][5]

7-a-side football[edit]

The Russia national 7-a-side football team qualified for the Rio Games after winning the 2015 CP World Championships, defeating reigning European champions Ukraine.[6][7][8] They went into the competition as the top ranked team in the world. The team was in Group B with Scotland, Northern Ireland and Germany.[9]

The draw for the tournament was held on May 6 at the 2016 Pre Paralympic Tournament in Salou, Spain. Russia was put into Group B with the United States, Netherlands and Argentina.[10] Iran qualified for the 2016 Rio Games following the suspension of Russia. The IPC ruled that there could not be a redraw for the groups. This resulted in Iran being put into Group A with the Netherlands, Argentina and the United States.[11]

Going into the Rio Games, the country was ranked second in the world.[12]

Athletics[edit]

Russia had qualified a number of athletes in track and field. Following their suspension, two of these spots were re-allocated to Australia.[13]

Archery[edit]

Russia qualified ten archers for the Rio Games following their performance at the 2015 World Archery Para Championships. This included two spots in the compound open, 1 for a man and 1 for a woman, six spots in the recurve open with 3 for men and 3 for women, and two spots, a man and a woman, in the W1 event. Archers helping Russia in their qualifying campaign at this competition include Bato Tsydendorzhiev, Margarita Sidorenko, Svetlana Barantseva, Irina Rossiyskaya, Sergey Khutakov, Anton Zaypaev and Stepanida Artakhinova.[14]

Cycling[edit]

With one pathway for qualification being one highest ranked NPCs on the UCI Para-Cycling male and female Nations Ranking Lists on 31 December 2014, Russia qualified for the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, assuming they continued to meet all other eligibility requirements.[15][16]

Equestrian[edit]

The country had qualified to participate in the individual event at the Rio Games. Following their suspension, their spot was re-allocated.[17]

Goalball[edit]

The Russia women's national goalball team qualified for the Rio Games after finishing second at the 2014 IBSA Goalball World Championships.[18][19][20] Their spot was re-allocated to the Australia women's national goalball team.[13]

Judo[edit]

With one pathway for qualification being having a top finish at the 2014 IBSA Judo World Championships, Russia earned a qualifying spot in Rio base on the performance of Abdula Kuramagomedov in the men's -100 kg event. The B2 Judoka finished first in his class.[21][22]

Paracanoeing[edit]

Russia earned a qualifying spot at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in this sport following their performance at the 2015 ICF Canoe Sprint & Paracanoe World Championships in Milan, Italy where the top six finishers in each Paralympic event earned a qualifying spot for their nation. Alexandra Dupik earned the spot for Russia after finishing fourth in the women's KL1 event. Nadezda Andreeva earned a second spot for Ukraine after finishing fifth in the women's KL2 event. Leonid Krylov earned a third spot for Russia after finishing third in the men's KL3 event.[23][24]

Rowing[edit]

One pathway for qualifying for Rio involved having a boat have top eight finish at the 2015 FISA World Rowing Championships in a medal event. Russia qualified for the 2016 Games under this criteria in the AS Men's Single Sculls event with a fourth place finish in a time of 04:56.780.[25][26]

Shooting[edit]

The first opportunity to qualify for shooting at the Rio Games took place at the 2014 IPC Shooting World Championships in Suhl. Shooters earned spots for their NPC. Russia earned a qualifying spot at this event in the P1 – 10m Air Pistol Men SH1 event as a result of Sergey Malyshev winning a silver medal. Valeriy Ponomarenko earned a second spot in the same event for Russia. Tatiana Ryabchenko gave Russia a third spot in Rio, this one in the R6 – 50m Rifle Prone Mixed SH1 event. Sergey Nochevnoy gave Russia their fourth spot at Rio, this time in the R3 – 10Mm Air Rifle Prone Mixed SH1 event.[27][28][29]

The country sent shooters to 2015 IPC Shooting World Cup in Osijek, Croatia, where Rio direct qualification was also available. They earned a qualifying spot at this event based on the performance of Antonina Zhukova in the R5 – 10m Air Rifle Prone Mixed SH2 event.[28][30]

The third opportunity for direct qualification for shooters to the Rio Paralympics took place at the 2015 IPC Shooting World Cup in Sydney, Australia. At this competition, Nikolai Krygin earned a qualifying spot for their country in the R5- Mixed 10m Air Rifle Prone SH2 event.[28][31]

The last direct qualifying event for Rio in shooting took place at the 2015 IPC Shooting World Cup in Fort Benning in November. Natalia Dalekova earned a qualifying spot for their country at this competition in the P4 Mixed 50m Pistol event. Andrey Kozhemyakin earned a second spot for Russia at this competition in the R7 Men's 50m Rifle 3 Positions event.[28][32]

Swimming[edit]

The top two finishers in each Rio medal event at the 2015 IPC Swimming World Championships earned a qualifying spot for their country for Rio. Denis Tarasov earned Russia a spot after winning gold in the Men's 100m Butterfly S8. Alexander Makarov earned Russia another spot after winning silver in the Men's 200m Freestyle S3. Roman Zhdanov earned Russia a third spot after winning silver in the Men's 200m Freestyle S4. Andrei Granichka earned Russia a fourth spot after winning silver in the Men's 400m Freestyle S6. The fifth spot for Russia was earned by Valeriia Shabalina who won silver in the Women's 100m Breaststroke SB14. The sixth spot was earned by Ani Palian who won silver in the Women's 100m Freestyle S7. Anna Krivshina grabbed a seventh spot for Russia after winning gold in the Women's 50m Freestyle S13. Dmitrii Kokarev earned the country's eighth spot after winning silver in the Men's 100m Backstroke S2. Iurii Luchkin earned Russia´s ninth spot in the Men's 100m Breaststroke SB5 with a gold medal finish.[33][34]

Wheelchair tennis[edit]

Russia had qualified two players in the women's singles event, Ludmila Bubnova and Viktoriia Lvova.[35] Following their suspension, one spot was re-allocated by the IPC to Shelby Baron of the United States.[36] Another spot was re-allocated to Australia.[13]

Disqualification[edit]

On 18 July 2016, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) published a 97-page report by Canadian attorney Richard McLaren, covering significant state-sponsored doping in Russia. It found that Russia's Ministry of Sport and Federal Security Service (FSB) had operated a "state-dictated" system to implement an extensive doping program, which included the use of a "disappearing positive methodology" (DPM)—the swapping of positive urine samples in order to evade detection.[37] The report detailed 27 positive samples tied to Payalympic sports, while the IPC found forensic evidence that the DPM had been used during the 2014 Winter Paralympics.[38][39][40][41]

On 7 August 2016, following the start of the 2016 Summer Olympics (where Russian athletes were allowed to compete if they were individually cleared by their sport's respective governing body and an International Olympic Committee panel—a decision which was criticized for ignoring WADA's recommendation for a blanket ban),[42][43] the governing board of the International Paralympic Committee voted unanimously to suspend the Russian Paralympic Committee and ban the entire Russian Paralympic team from participating in the 2016 Summer Paralympics. IPC president Philip Craven cited Russia's "[inability] to ensure compliance with and enforcement of the IPC anti-doping code and the world anti-doping code within their own national jurisdiction", meaning that the country could not "fulfil its fundamental obligation as an IPC member."[44][41][45] On 15 August 2016, the RPC filed a request for an appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS).[43]

On 23 August 2016, the CAS upheld the IPC's decision, meaning that Russia will remain banned from the 2016 Summer Paralympics. In a statement, Phillip Craven considered the decision to be a "sad day" and a "new beginning" for the Paralympic movement, explaining that the ban would be a "catalyst for change" in the country, and stated that Russia was welcome to return to the Paralympics once it is capable of "fulfilling its obligations to ensure fair competition for all".[42] The decision was criticized by members of the Russian government for being politically-motivated: Minister of Sport Vitaly Mutko stated that the decision was a "flagrant violation" of the human rights of Russian Paralympians, by punishing the team as a whole and not granting them the right to individually defend themselves like the Olympic team was.[42] Dmitry Svishchev, leader of the parliamentary committee on sport and youth, argued that CAS had shown an "unprecedented impudence and lack of principle", and asked "How is it possible to bar the people who with their courage have earned the right to a proper life from the Games?"[42] During a ceremony honouring Russian athletes returning from the Olympics, President Vladimir Putin described the ban as being "outside the bounds of law, morality and humanity", and announced a plan to hold an alternate event for Russian para-athletes banned from the Games in Rio.[46]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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