Sendai Subway 1000 series
| Sendai Subway 1000 series | |
|---|---|
 A refurbished Sendai Subway 1000 series train, October 2008 | |
| In service | 1987-present |
| Manufacturer | Kawasaki Heavy Industries |
| Constructed | 1985-2007 |
| Refurbished | 2004-2013 |
| Number built | 84 vehicles (21 sets) |
| Formation | 4 cars per trainset |
| Capacity | 144 passengers per car (58 seating, 54 post-refurbishment) |
| Operators | Sendai City Transportation Bureau |
| Lines served | Sendai Subway Namboku Line |
| Specifications | |
| Car length | 21,750 mm (71 ft 4 in) (end cars) 20,000 mm (65 ft 7 in) (intermediate cars) |
| Width | 2,890 mm (9 ft 6 in) |
| Height | 4,040 mm (13 ft 3 in) |
| Doors | 4 pairs per side |
| Maximum speed | 75 km/h (45 mph)* |
| Traction system | Chopper control (originally) VVVF (post-refurbishment) |
| Acceleration | 3.0 km/h/s (3.5 km/h/s post-refurbishment) |
| Deceleration | 3.7 km/h/s (service maximum) 4.5 km/h/s (emergency) |
| Electric system(s) | 1,500 V DC |
| Current collector(s) | Overhead catenary |
| Braking system(s) | Electromagnetic braking |
| Safety system(s) | ATC/ATO (Fuzzy logic) |
| Track gauge | 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) |
The Sendai Subway 1000 series (仙台市交通局1000系電車) is a rapid transit electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated on the Sendai Subway Namboku Line in Sendai, Japan.
The 1000 series was the world's first train type to use fuzzy logic to control its speed, and this system developed by Hitachi[1] accounts for the relative smoothness of the starts and stops when compared to other trains, and is 10% more energy efficient than human-controlled acceleration.[2] It was the recipient of the 28th Laurel Prize award presented by the Japan Railfan Club.
Refurbishment
From 2004 until 2013, the 1000 series trains will undergo mid-life refurbishment to extend their lifespan. As of April 2009, 12 sets have been refurbished,[3] and the refurbished sets are renamed 1000N series.
The refurbished trains include the following features.
- LED destination indicators at the train ends
- Space for wheelchairs
- Air-conditioning
- LED destination indicators inside trains
See also
References
- ^ Andrew Pollack (April 2, 1989). "Fuzzy Computer Theory: How to Mimic the Mind?". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ Philip Elmer-DeWitt (September 25, 1989). "Time For Some Fuzzy Thinking". Time. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ http://www.city.sendai.jp/toshi/touzaisenchousei/nandemo/pdf/design5-2.pdf. Retrieved 2011-03-11.