Siberian Tatar language

Siberian Tatar
сыбырца, sıbırca
Native to	Russia
Region	Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Omsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo
Ethnicity	Siberian Tatars
Native speakers	100,000 (2012)
Language family	Turkic Common Turkic Kipchak Kipchak-Nogay Siberian Tatar
Writing system	Cyrillic, Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3	sty
Glottolog	sibe1250

Siberian Tatar language (сыбырца, sıbırca) is a Turkic language spoken in Western Siberia region of Russia.

Classification

Siberian Tatar is a Common Turkic language. It is not closely related to the Tatar language spoken in Tatarstan.

Dialects

Professor G. Akhatov. The Map of the Tobol-Irtysh Dialect of the Siberian Tatars, 1965

Siberian Tatar consists of three dialects: Tobol-Irtysh, Baraba and Tom. According to D. G. Tumasheva, the Baraba dialect is grammatically closest to the southern dialect of Altai, Kyrgyz and has significant grammatical similarities with Chulym, Khakas, Shor and Tuvan. The Tomsk dialect is, in her opinion, even closer to Altai and similar languages. Tevriz speech of the Tobol-Irtysh dialect shares significant elements with Siberian Turkic languages, namely with Altai, Khakas and Shor.

Although Gabdulkhay Akhatov was a Volga Tatar, he immersed into studying of the phonetic peculiarities of Siberian Tatar language of the indigenous population of Siberia, the Siberian Tatars. In his classic fundamental research work "The Dialect of the West Siberian Tatars" (1963) Akhatov wrote about Tobol-Irtysh Siberian Tatars, a western group of Siberian Tatars, who are indigenous to the Omsk and Tyumen Oblasts.

In his classic fundamental research work "Dialect of the West Siberian Tatars" (1963) Gabdulkhay Akhatov wrote about a territorial resettlement of the Tobol-Irtysh Tatars Tyumen and Omsk areas. Subjecting a comprehensive integrated analysis of the phonetic system, the lexical composition and grammatical structure, the scientist concluded that the language of the Siberian Tatars is a separate language, it is divided into three dialects and it is one of the most ancient Turkic languages. Professor G. Akhatov named Siberian Tatar dialects of Tyumen and Omsk Oblasts dialects of the West Siberian Tatars, while dialects of Baraba and Tom Tatars he named dialects of the East Siberian Tatars.

Orthography

Siberian Tatar can be written using both Cyrillic and Latin scripts. The Siberian Tatar Latin script is based on the Common Turkic Alphabet.

Cyrillic	Latin	Pronunciation	Notes
А а	A a	[a]
Ә ә	Ä ä	[æ]
Б б	B b	[b]
В в	W w, V v	[w]; [v]	V v in loanwords
Г г	G g	[ɡ]
Ғ ғ	Ğ ğ	[ɣ]
Д д	D d	[d]
Е е	E e, Ye ye	[e]	Cyrillic Е е also used as [je] in Russian loanwords, in other cases Siberian Tatars use Йе йе (Ye ye)
Ё ё	Yo yo, Yö yö	[jo]	Used in Russian loanwords, in other cases Siberian Tatars use Йо йо, Йө йө (Yo yo, Yö yö)
Ж ж	J j	[ʒ]; [ʑ]
З з	Z z	[z]
И и	İ i	[i]
Й й	Y y	[j]
К к	K k	[k]
Ҡ ҡ	Q q	[q]
Л л	L l	[l]
М м	M m	[m]
Н н	N n	[n]
Ң ң	Ŋ ŋ	[ŋ]
О о	O o	[ʊ̞]; [o]
Ө ө	Ö ö	[ø]
П п	P p	[p]
Р р	R r	[ɾ]; [r]
С с	S s	[s]
Т т	T t	[t]
У у	U u, W w	[u]; [w]	ул – ul; уаҡыт – waqıt
Ү ү	Ü ü, W w	[y]; [w]	күреү – kürew
Ф ф	F f	[f]
Х х	X x	[χ]
Һ һ	H h	[h]
Ц ц	C c	[t͡s]
Ч ч	Ç ç	[tʃ]; [tɕ]
Ш ш	Ş ş	[ʃ]; [ɕ]
Щ щ	Şç şç	[ɕɕ]	Only in Russian loanwords
Ъ ъ	-	[-]
Ы ы	I ı	[ɤ]; [ɯ]
Ь ь	-	[ʲ]
Э э	E e	[e]
Ю ю	Yu yu, Yü yü	[ju]	Used in Russian loanwords, in other cases Siberian Tatars use Йу йу, Йү йү (Yu yu, Yü yü)
Я я	Ya ya, Yä yä	[ja]	Used in Russian loanwords, in other cases Siberian Tatars use Йа йа, Йә йә (Ya ya, Yä yä)

Phonology

Vowels

	Front		Back
Close	и /i/	ү /y/	у /u/
Mid	е /e/	ө /ø/	о /o/	ы /ɤ/
Open	ә /æ/		а /a/

Consonants

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Velar	Uvular
Plosive	п /p/	т /t/		к /k/	ҡ /q/
Fricative	б /β/	с /s/	ш /ʃ/	г /ɣ/	ғ /ʁ/
Affricate		ц /t͡s/
Nasal	м /m/	н /n/		(ң /ŋ/)	ң /ɴ/
Trill		р /r/
Approximant	в /w/	л /l/	й /j/

/ŋ/ can be an allophone of /ɴ/.

Bibliography

• Сагидуллин, Максим (2008). Фонетика и графика современного сибирскотатарского языка (in Russian). Тюмень: Искер. ISBN 9785875911293.
• Сагидуллин, Максим (2014). Грамматика современного сибирскотатарского языка (in Russian). Тюменский дом печати. ISBN 9785875912368.
• Сагидуллин, Максим (2010). Русско–сибирскотатарский словарь / Урысца–сыбырца сүслек (in Russian and Siberian Tatar). Тюмень: Мандр и Ка. ISBN 978-5930204414.

External links

• Information about Siberian Tatar language