Sludge

For the music genre, see Sludge metal.

For other uses, see Sludge (disambiguation).

Fecal sludge (a type of sludge) collected from pit latrines near Durban, South Africa, awaiting further treatment by drying

Sludge is a semi-solid slurry that can be produced from a range of industrial processes, from water treatment, wastewater treatment or on-site sanitation systems. For example, it can be produced as a settled suspension obtained from conventional drinking water treatment, as sewage sludge from wastewater treatment processes or as fecal sludge from pit latrines and septic tanks. The term is also sometimes used as a generic term for solids separated from suspension in a liquid; this 'soupy' material usually contains significant quantities of 'interstitial' water (between the solid particles).

Industrial wastewater treatment plants produce solids that are also referred to as sludge. This can be generated from biological or physical-chemical processes.

In the activated sludge process for wastewater treatment, the terms "waste activated sludge" and "return activated sludge" are used.