St John-at-Hampstead

St John-at-Hampstead
Parish Church of St. John the Evangelist, Hampstead
St John-at-Hampstead
St John-at-Hampstead
51°33′19″N 00°10′53″W
OS grid reference	TQ 26190 85615
Location	Church Row, Hampstead, London NW3
Country	England
Denomination	Church of England
Churchmanship	Broad Church/Liberal Anglo-Catholic
Website	hampsteadparishchurch.org.uk
History
Dedication	St John the Evangelist
Architecture
Heritage designation	Grade I listed
Designated	11 August 1950
Architect(s)	Henry Flitcroft John Sanderson Robert Hesketh F. P. Cockerell Temple Moore
Style	Classical
Completed	1747
Administration
Diocese	Diocese of London
Parish	Hampstead

St John-at-Hampstead is a Church of England parish church dedicated to St John the Evangelist (though the original dedication was only refined from St John to this in 1917 by the Bishop of London) in Church Row, Hampstead, London. The parish stands within the London Borough of Camden and forms part of the Diocese of London.

History

The interior of St John at Hampstead

Hampstead was granted to the Benedictine monks of Westminster Abbey by charter in 986. It is likely that they placed a church there soon afterwards, but the first records of one come from 1312 (when it was recorded that John de Neuport was its priest) and 1333 (through a mention of a Chapel dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary). On the Dissolution of the Monasteries, the Abbey was replaced by the Bishop of Westminster, with its first and only holder Thomas Thirlby also serving as St John's rector. Thirlby appointed Thomas Chapelyne to be St John's vicar in 1545, but the see was abolished in 1551 by Edward VI, with the manor and benefice of Hampstead being granted to Sir Thomas Wrothe. The church of this era was part in stone and part in timber, and also had a minor wooden tower.

As Hampstead grew in popularity and size as an out-of-town health resort, the small existing church grew less and less adequate and derelict, being finally declared unusable by 1744. A new church was built on designs by Henry Flitcroft and John Sanderson, and dedicated on 8 October 1747 by the Bishop of Llandaff (as commissary of the Diocesan). However, by 1827 this was again too small, though initial plans by Lewis Vulliamy were rejected as too expensive and it took until 1843 for extension plans by Robert Hesketh to be agreed upon. This extended the church 30 ft westwards by means of transepts, adding 524 more seats. In 1853 the church had its first Willis organ built (it was replaced in 1883 and repaired in 1997), with Henry Willis himself employed as the organist, and in 1871 plans were mooted for 'beautifying and improving' the church. These plans originally involved the demolition of the tower, but this was shelved on protests from William Morris, Edward Burne-Jones, Holman Hunt, Ford Madox Brown, Anthony Trollope, George du Maurier, Coventry Patmore, F. T. Palgrave, George Gilbert Scott Jr. and others, in favour of simple extensions westwards in 1877–78 designed by F.P. Cockerell (though these extensions moved the church's high altar to the geographical west end, rather than the more usual east end).

In 1911–12 the Vestries were improved by Temple Moore, who also added a Morning Chapel, whilst in 1958 the dark Victorian interior scheme was removed and the original lighter, whitewashed scheme reinstated. The building is Grade I listed.

Architecture

The church is constructed of yellow stock brick with stone dressings and is designed in a plain Classical style. Its plan consists of a six-bay nave with aisles, a sanctuary, and an east-end tower surmounted by a spire. The building also closes the western perspective of Church Row.

The principal entrance is located at the base of the east tower and features a moulded stone doorcase with a console-bracketed pediment, beneath which is a plaque dated 1745 reused from the former west end. The doorway has an overlight and panelled doors. Additional entrances flank the tower, each with moulded stone doorcases, cornices, and panelled doors. At first-floor level, the tower façade contains three round-arched, architraved windows with keystones, lugs, bracketed sills, and small-paned glazing. A stone dentil cornice surmounts the tower and continues across the aisle gable, rising to form a pediment. Above this, the tower incorporates a circular lugged clock and round-arched belfry openings with architraved heads, keystones, and continuous impost and sill bands. It is crowned by a battlemented parapet and a spire with a weathervane. The aisles are lit by similar round-arched windows, while the west end has three comparable windows with an oculus above the central one.

The interior is articulated by tall, unfluted Ionic columns supporting arches that intersect the tunnel-vaulted ceiling, with galleries occupying the bays between the columns. The north-western Chapel of St Mary and St John, created in 1912, is domed and illuminated by a circular lantern. Chancel decoration dating from around 1883 was executed by T. G. Jackson, who designed the pavement, the Willis organ case, inlaid choir stalls, panelling, chandelier, and railings, along with an extensive intertwined double-gold decorative scheme that extends across much of the church.

The stained glass in the west windows was designed by Professor Ellis Wooldridge and executed by Powell. Much of the remaining stained glass was designed, executed, and donated by Alfred Bell of Clayton & Bell, who also designed the marble font supported by Ionic columns and incorporating a 1747 bowl. A gallery window dedicated to Sir George Gilbert Scott, Bell’s tutor, is also his work. The Lady Chapel window is by Joan Fulleylove. The mid-eighteenth-century pulpit was reduced to its present size during F. P. Cockerell’s reordering in 1878.

The church contains numerous memorials, including monuments to the Revd Thomas Ainger by Sir George Gilbert Scott, as well as to John Keats, Joanna Baillie, J. H. Merivale, Frances Erskine, T. N. Longman, Henry Cort, and others. The oldest surviving tomb is that of James Rixton, who was buried in the earlier church in 1658.

Music

The church has a fine musical tradition stretching back as far as Henry Willis. Under the direction of Martindale Sidwell it developed a national and international reputation as being a centre of excellence for parish music, which it maintains today with a fully professional choir as well as a junior choir and regular high-profile concerts.

Organ

The organ

The early records of organs date from the middle of the 18th century. The current organ was installed by Henry Willis in 1884. Restoration and rebuilding work was undertaken by Harrison and Harrison in 1964, and Bower and Co in 2000. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register. and on the parish website.

Organists

• Samuel Reay 1854–56
• James Shaw 1874-95
• George Aitken 1894–1942
• Martindale Sidwell 1947–92
• Simon Lawford 1993–94
• Lee Ward 1994–2012
• James Sherlock 2012–2017
• Peter Foggitt 2018–2021
• Geoffrey Webber 2021–present

Voluntary rate

By virtue of the Parochial Church Councils (Powers) Measure 1956, parochial church councils are entitled to levy a voluntary rate and, in 1986, Hampstead Parish Church's PCC decided to supplement their millennium redecoration appeal by this means. The levying of a voluntary rate on businesses and residents alike has now become a regular annual event.

Churchyard

Churchyard

Notable individuals buried in its churchyard include:

• Eliza Acton, food writer
• George Atherton Aitken, author and biographer
• Herbert Beerbohm Tree, actor and theatre-manager
• Walter Besant, novelist and historian
• Alfred Brendel, pianist
• John Constable, romantic painter
• Elizabeth Rundle Charles, author
• Peter Cook, writer and comedian
• Henry Cort, ironmaster and inventor
• Eleanor Farjeon, author
• Penelope Fitzgerald, author, daughter of E.V. Knox
• Hugh Gaitskell, Labour Party leader from 1955 until 1963
• Dora Gaitskell, Baroness Gaitskell, widow of Hugh and Labour life peer
• Eva Gore-Booth and Esther Roper, suffragists and social justice campaigners
• John Harrison, inventor of the marine chronometer
• C. E. M. Joad, philosopher
• Kay Kendall, actress, film star of the 1950s
• E.V. Knox, poet and satirist, editor of Punch (1932-1949)
• Mary Knox (née Shepard), illustrator of P.L. Travers' Mary Poppins stories, daughter of E.H. Shepard, wife of E.V. Knox
• Arthur Llewelyn Davies and his wife Sylvia (née du Maurier) who befriended J M Barrie and whose children inspired Peter Pan
• Jack and Peter Llewelyn Davies (children of the above) in the same grave as their parents and their brother Michael, in a separate grave
• John Llewelyn Davies, preacher and theologian, father of Arthur Llewelyn Davies and Margaret Llewelyn Davies
• George du Maurier, author and cartoonist, father of Gerald du Maurier and Sylvia Llewelyn Davies
• Gerald du Maurier, actor and manager, father of Daphne du Maurier, novelist, and brother of Sylvia Llewelyn Davies
• Temple Moore, architect
• Nicholas Parsons, actor and radio and television presenter
• Langford Reed, scriptwriter and director
• George Gilbert Scott Jr., architect working in late Gothic and Queen Anne revival styles, eldest son of Sir George Gilbert Scott, father of Sir Giles Gilbert Scott and Adrian Gilbert Scott, all also architects
• Richard Norman Shaw, Architect
• Evelyn Underhill, Anglo-Catholic writer
• Anton Walbrook, Austrian actor
• Alec Waugh, writer, brother of Evelyn Waugh

The churchyard contains 8 war graves, comprising 6 servicemen from World War I and 2 from World War II.

See also

• List of church restorations and alterations by Temple Moore

External links

• Official website