Jump to content

Stanley Krippner

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stanley Krippner
Krippner at his dream laboratory in 1969
Born (1932-10-04) October 4, 1932 (age 93)
Occupations
  • Psychologist
  • parapsychologist
  • writer

Stanley Krippner (born October 4, 1932)[1] is an American psychologist and parapsychologist. He received a B.S. degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1954 and M.A. (1957) and Ph.D. (1961) degrees from Northwestern University.[2]

From 1972 to 2019, he was an executive faculty member and the Alan Watts Professor of Psychology at Saybrook University in Oakland, California.[3][4] Formerly, Krippner was director of the Kent State University Child Study Center (1961-1964) and director of the Maimonides Medical Center Dream Research Laboratory in Brooklyn, New York (1964-1972).[3]

Following his time at Saybrook, he continued on as an Associated Distinguished Professor at the California Institute of Integral Studies, professor of psychology at Akamai University, and as a research professor at the California Institute for Human Science, which he helped found in 1992.[5][6][7]

Biography

[edit]

Krippner has written extensively on altered states of consciousness, dream telepathy, hypnosis, shamanism, dissociation, and parapsychological subjects.[3][4][8] Krippner was an early leader in Division 32 of the American Psychological Association (APA), the division concerned with humanistic psychology, serving as President of the division from 1980–1981.[9] He also served as president of division 30, the Society for Psychological Hypnosis, and is a Fellow of five APA divisions.[10] Krippner has conducted experiments with Montague Ullman into dream telepathy at the Maimonides Medical Center.[3] In 2002, Krippner won the APA Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology.[4][11]

Maimonides ESP Dream Studies

[edit]

The dream laboratory at the Maimonides Medical Centre was established in 1962, and Krippner joined the staff in 1964 as the first dream telepathy studies were commencing.[12] The design of the first experiment had already been established at this point, by Montague Ullman and Sol Feldstein.[12] In total Krippner, Ullman and Alan Vaughan list ten dream telepathy experiments in their 1973 book Dream Telepathy, beginning with the first screening study in the summer of 1964[13] and ending with "The Second Bessant Study".[14]

All ten experiments involved an 'agent' who would attempt to transmit the contents of an image to the sleeping target, usually an art print. Krippner, Ullman and Vaughan concluded that the majority of these studies produced statistically significant results, with the exception of three which did not.[14] One of the better known studies involved a single subject, dream researcher Robert Van de Castle, and took place over 8 discontinuous nights over the course of 1967.[15] This is the experiment which was later detailed and criticized by C. E. M. Hansel (see 'Reception' below).

Notable collaborations and relationships

[edit]

Timothy Leary

[edit]

In September 1961, at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association in New York, Krippner attended a panel featuring Timothy Leary, William Burroughs, Frank Barron, and Gerald Heard on psilocybin and other psychoactive substances.[16] Following the panel, he wrote a letter to Leary expressing his desire to volunteer as a test subject for the Harvard Psilocybin Project.[16] In March 1962, he traveled to Harvard University to participate in a session of the experiment organized by Leary.[17][18] Krippner took a 30-milligram psilocybin tablet, and afterwards reported his experience of the 'trip' to Leary.[19] He has stated that this session led to his subsequent lifelong research interest in psychedelics,[20] including a chapter in the 1968 book The Psychedelic Artist.[21][22] Krippner remained in contact with Leary from 1962 until Leary's death in 1996, and attended Leary's wedding to Nena von Schlebrügge in December 1964.[23] In 1965 he wrote a summary of several of Leary's psilocybin experiments for the journal A Review of General Semantics, in which he discussed the benefits of psychedelics in helping distinguish the "maps" formed by words from the "territory" of the experiential world.[24]

Collaboration with the Grateful Dead

[edit]

Krippner was introduced to Mickey Hart, one of the drummers for the Grateful Dead, at a birthday party for Alla Rakha in New York in 1967.[25][26] Hart wanted to ask him about hypnosis, and its potential to improve his drumming. This meeting led to a long relationship between Krippner and the band. Krippner would hypnotize Hart and fellow drummer Bill Kreutzmann, in order to help them better sync their drumming.[18] In 1971, the Grateful Dead collaborated with Krippner on a series of six "ESP Shows" at the Capitol Theatre in New York.[27] At some point during the concert, slides projected on a screen above the stage would advertise to concertgoers that “YOU ARE ABOUT TO PARTICIPATE IN AN ESP EXPERIMENT”, then show them a picture and encourage them to use ESP to send the picture to a man named Malcolm Bessent, sleeping at the Maimonides lab 45 miles away.[18][28] Krippner published the results of these "experiments" in an article titled An experiment in dream telepathy with "The Grateful Dead" in the Journal of the American Society of Psychosomatic Dentistry and Medicine.[28] A pair of judges were asked to match each of Bessent's six dream reports against each of the 6 images shown to the concert crowd, and score the similarity out of 100. Krippner reported in his article that the "correct" pairs received the highest ratings for 4 of the 6 images.[28]

Reception

[edit]

Dream telepathy

[edit]

In 1973, Krippner co-authored a book Dream Telepathy with Montague Ullman and Alan Vaughan, which detailed among other studies the results of dream telepathy experiments he conducted along with other researchers at Maimonides Medical Center.[29] The summary of the Maimonides chapter concludes that the "procedure produced statistically significant results indicating the telepathic effects had been produced in the subjects' dreams".[30] Krippner followed this book up with other writings on the Maimonides experiments, for example a 1993 article in the Journal of Parapsychology.[31] The experiments have not been independently replicated.[32][33][34][35][36] In a review of the research published in American Psychologist,[37] professor Irwin Child, former head of the Department of Psychology at Yale University, concluded that 'the tendency toward hits rather than misses cannot reasonably be ascribed to chance'. But this favorable commentary has been criticized by a number of reviews and respondents, who argued that Krippner's work like most parapsychology severely lacked in rigor and instituting proper controls against bias.[34][38][39]

In 1985, psychologist C. E. M. Hansel criticized the picture target experiments that were conducted by Krippner and Ullman. According to Hansel, there were weaknesses in the design of the experiments in the way in which the agent became aware of their target picture. Only the agent should have known the target and no other person until the judging of targets had been completed, however, an experimenter was with the agent when the target envelope was opened. Hansel also wrote there had been poor controls in the experiment as the main experimenter could communicate with the subject.[40] In 2002, Krippner denied Hansel's accusations claiming the agent did not communicate with the experimenter.[41]

An attempt to replicate the experiments that used picture targets was carried out by Edward Belvedere and David Foulkes. The finding was that neither the subject nor the judges matched the targets with dreams above chance level.[42] Results from other experiments by Belvedere and Foulkes were also negative.[43]

In 2003, Simon Sherwood and Chris Roe wrote a review that claimed support for dream telepathy at Maimonides.[44] However, James Alcock noted that their review was based on "extreme messiness" of data. Alcock concluded the dream telepathy experiments at Maimonides have failed to provide evidence for telepathy and "lack of replication is rampant."[45] However, in 2017 the same authors, along with Lance Storm, Patrizio E. Tressoldi, Adam J. Rock, and Lorenzo Di Risio, published an expanded meta-analysis of dream studies from 1966-2016, concluding with much the same wording as their 2003 review that "Combined effect sizes for both Maimonides and post-Maimonides studies suggest that judges may be able to use dream mentations to identify target materials correctly more often than would be expected by chance."[46]

Psychics

[edit]

Krippner has drawn criticism for endorsing the feats of a Russian psychic Nina Kulagina. Science writer Martin Gardner found it surprising that Krippner took interest in Kulagina despite knowing that she was a "charlatan" who was caught on two occasions using tricks to move objects.[47] Krippner took issue with this statement believing it to be an attack on himself and wrote there was "no suggestion of trickery."[48] However, psychologists Jerome Kravitz and Walter Hillabrant have noted that she was "caught cheating more than once by Soviet Establishment scientists."[49] Gardner later commenting on Kulagina stated that she utilized invisible threads to move objects.[50]

Krippner has contributed to and co-edited Future Science: Life Energies and the Physics of Paranormal Phenomena (1977). It included an essay from the parapsychologist Julius Weinberger, who claimed to have communicated with the dead by using a Venus flytrap as the medium. Philosopher Paul Kurtz criticized the book for endorsing pseudoscience.[51]

Magician and noted skeptic Henry Gordon has written:

A reading of Krippner's book, Human Possibilities, published by Doubleday, convinced me that there is a man sincere in his beliefs in the paranormal and bending over backward to be fair and open minded but incredibly naive. In his book he endorses the feats of several psychics who have already been exposed as frauds.[52]

Krippner co-edited and contributed to Debating Psychic Experience (2010). He also co-edited and contributed to Varieties of Anomalous Experience (2013) which has received positive reviews.[53][54]

Selected Bibliography

[edit]

Krippner's writings span around sixty years, beginning in the 1960s. He has both authored and edited titles, as well as contributed chapters to edited volumes. He has written on various topics, including altered states of consciousness, hypnosis, shamanism, dissociation, psychedelics and parapsychological subjects.

Year Title Author(s) / Editor(s) Publisher Topic Role Type Ref.
1968 The Psychedelic Artist Krippner, S. Grove Press/Balance House Books. Psychedelics Author Chapter [21]
1973 (2023) Dream Telepathy: The Landmark ESP Experiments (50th Anniversary Edition) Ullman, M., Krippner, S., & Vaughan, A. (Eds.) Afterworlds Press (originally published 1973) Dream Telepathy Author Book [55]
1976 Hypnosis as Verbal Programming in Educational Therapy Krippner, S. Charles C Thomas Hypnosis Author Chapter [56]
1988 Personal Mythology: Using Ritual, Dreams, and Imagination to Discover Your Inner Story (3rd edition was titled The Mythic Path [57]) Feinstein, D., & Krippner, S. Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc. (First edition) Altered States of Consciousness Author Book [58]
1997 Broken Images, Broken Selves: Dissociative Narratives in Clinical Practice Krippner, S., & Powers, S. (Eds.) Brunner/Mazel Dissociation Editor Book [59]
2000 Varieties of Anomalous Experience Krippner, S., Cardeña, E, & Lynn, S.J. (Eds.) American Psychological Association Altered States of Consciousness Editor Book [60]
2002 Extraordinary Dreams and How to Work with Them Krippner, S., Bogzaran, F., & de Carvalho, A. P. State University of New York Press Dream Telepathy Author Book [61]
2004 Psychology of Shamanism Krippner, S. ABC-CLIO Shamanism Author Chapter [62]
2010 Mysterious Minds: The Neurobiology of Psychics, Mediums, and Other Extraordinary People Krippner, S., & Friedman, H.L. (Eds.) Praeger Altered States of Consciousness Editor Book [63]
2010 The Cultural Context of Hypnosis Cardeña, E., & Krippner, S. APA Books Hypnosis Author Chapter [64]
2010 Debating Psychic Experience: Human Potential or Human Illusion? Krippner, S., & Friedman, H.L. (Eds.) Praeger Parapsychological Subjects Editor Book [65]
2011 Demystifying Shamans and Their World: A Multidisciplinary Study Rock, A., & Krippner, S. Imprint Academic Shamanism Author Book [66]
2012 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Biographies of Disease Krippner, S., Pitchford, D.B., & Davies, J. Greenwood/ABC-CLIO Dissociation Author Book [67]
2016 The Shamanic Powers of Rolling Thunder Jones, S.M.S., & Krippner, S. (Eds.) Bear & Co. Shamanism Editor Book [68]
2021 Advances in Parapsychological Research, Vol. 10 Krippner, S., Rock, A.J., Friedman, H.L., & Zingrone, N.L. (Eds.) McFarland Parapsychological Subjects Editor Book [69]
2021 Understanding Suicide's Allure: Steps to Save Lives by Healing Psychological Scars Krippner, S., Riebel, L., Joffe Ellis, D., and Paulson, Daryl S. Praeger Suicide Author Book [70]
2024 A Chaotic Life: The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner (3 Volumes) Krippner, S. University Professors Press Humanistic Psychology Author Book [71]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Stanley Krippner, Papers, 1953–1980". Kent State University. 7 February 2003. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
  2. ^ "- vitae".
  3. ^ a b c d Melton, J. G. (1996). Stanley Krippner. In Encyclopedia of Occultism & Parapsychology. Gale Research. ISBN 978-0-8103-9487-2.
  4. ^ a b c No Authorship Indicated (November 2002). "Stanley C. Krippner: Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology". The American Psychologist. 57 (11). American Psychological Association: 960–62. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.57.11.960. PMID 12564208.
  5. ^ "Faculty". California Institute of Integral Studies (Web Archive). Retrieved 31 October 2025.
  6. ^ "Dr. Stanley Krippner - Pioneer in PSI & Parapsychology". Akamai University. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
  7. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. p. 942.
  8. ^ "Saybrook: Faculty". Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
  9. ^ Aanstoos, C.; Serlin, I.; Greening, Thomas (2000). "History of Division 32 (Humanistic Psychology) of the American Psychological Association". In Dewsbury, Donald A. (ed.). Unification through Division: Histories of the divisions of the American Psychological Association, Vol. V (PDF). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  10. ^ "Fellows Database". American Psychological Association. Retrieved 19 September 2024.
  11. ^ APA webpage. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  12. ^ a b Ullman, Montague; Krippner, Stanley; Vaughan, Alan (1973). Dream Telepathy (First ed.). New York: Macmillan. p. 96. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  13. ^ Ullman, Montague; Krippner, Stanley; Vaughan, Alan (1973). Dream Telepathy (First ed.). New York: Macmillan. p. 98. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  14. ^ a b Ullman, Montague; Krippner, Stanley; Vaughan, Alan (1973). Dream Telepathy (First ed.). New York: Macmillan. pp. 271–274. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  15. ^ Ullman, Montague; Krippner, Stanley; Vaughan, Alan (1973). Dream Telepathy (First ed.). New York: Macmillan. pp. 141–151. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  16. ^ a b Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. p. 226.
  17. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. p. 227.
  18. ^ a b c "The Psychic World of Stanley Krippner: A quest to document ESP". SF Weekly. 25 April 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2025.
  19. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. pp. 228–229.
  20. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. p. 230.
  21. ^ a b Masters, Robert E. L.; Houston, Jean (1968). "The Psychedelic Artist". Psychedelic art. Grove Press/Balance House Books. ISBN 978-0297764199. Retrieved 2025-03-04.
  22. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. p. 278.
  23. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. p. 244.
  24. ^ Krippner, Stanley (December 1965). "Consciousness Expansion and the Extensional World". A Review of General Semantics. 22 (4): 463–478. JSTOR 42576275. Retrieved 19 October 2025.
  25. ^ Gurbis, Tamara (28 July 2008). "Mickey Hart and Dr. Stanley Krippner Reminisce". YouTube. Retrieved 17 September 2025.
  26. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3, ebook): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. p. 643.
  27. ^ "49 Years Ago Today, the Grateful Dead Began 6 Legendary Shows at The Cap". The Capitol Theatre. Retrieved 17 September 2025.
  28. ^ a b c Krippner, Stanley (1973). "An experiment in dream telepathy with "The Grateful Dead"". The Journal of the American Society of Psychosomatic Dentistry and Medicine. 20 (1): 9–17.
  29. ^ Ullman, Montague; Krippner, Stanley; Vaughan, Alan (1973). Dream Telepathy (First ed.). New York: Macmillan. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
  30. ^ Ullman, Montague; Krippner, Stanley; Vaughan, Alan (1973). Dream Telepathy (First ed.). New York: Macmillan. p. 271. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
  31. ^ Krippner, Stanley (1993). "The Maimonides ESP-dream studies". Journal of Parapsychology. 57 (1): 39–54.
  32. ^ Wiseman, Richard. (2014). Night School: Wake Up to the Power of Sleep. Macmillan. p. 202. ISBN 978-1-4472-4840-8 Wiseman writes regarding Krippner and Ullman's experiments "Over the years, many researchers have failed to replicate their remarkable findings and, as a result, the work is seen as curious but not proof of the paranormal."
  33. ^ Parker, Adrian. (1975). States of Mind: ESP and Altered States of Consciousness. Taplinger. p. 90. ISBN 0-8008-7374-2
  34. ^ a b Clemmer, Edward J. (1986). "Not so anomalous observations question ESP in dreams". American Psychologist. 41 (10): 1173–1174. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.41.10.1173.b.
  35. ^ Hyman, Ray. (1986). Maimonides dream-telepathy experiments. Skeptical Inquirer 11: 91–92.
  36. ^ Neher, Andrew. (2011). Paranormal and Transcendental Experience: A Psychological Examination. Dover Publications. p. 145. ISBN 0-486-26167-0
  37. ^ Child, Irvin L. (1985). "Psychology and anomalous observations: The question of ESP in dreams". American Psychologist. 40 (11): 1219–1230. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.40.11.1219.
  38. ^ Rao, K. Ramakrishna; Palmer, John (December 1987). "The anomaly called psi: Recent research and criticism". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10 (4): 539. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00054455. S2CID 143520389.
  39. ^ Alcock, James E. (December 1987). "Parapsychology: Science of the anomalous or search for the soul?". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10 (4): 553–565. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00054467.
  40. ^ Hansel, C. E. M. (1985). The Search for a Demonstration of ESP. In Paul Kurtz. A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Prometheus Books. pp. 97–127. ISBN 0-87975-300-5
  41. ^ Ramakrishna Rao, K, Gowri Rammohan, V. (2002). New Frontiers of Human Science: A Festschrift for K. Ramakrishna Rao. McFarland. p. 135. ISBN 0-7864-1453-7
  42. ^ Belvedere, E., Foulkes, D. (1971). Telepathy and Dreams: A Failure to Replicate. Perceptual and Motor Skills 33: 783–789.
  43. ^ Hansel, C. E. M. (1989). The Search for Psychic Power: ESP and Parapsychology Revisited. Prometheus Books. pp. 141–152. ISBN 0-87975-516-4
  44. ^ Sherwood, Simon; Roe, C.A. (1 January 2003). "A Review of Dream ESP Studies Conducted Since the Maimonides Dream ESP Programme". Journal of Consciousness Studies. 10 (6–7): 85–109.
  45. ^ Alcock, James. (2003). Give the Null Hypothesis a Chance: Reasons to Remain Doubtful about the Existence of Psi. Journal of Consciousness Studies 10: 29–50. "In their article, Sherwood and Roe examine attempts to replicate the well-known Maimonides dream studies that began in the 1960s. They provide a good review of these studies of dream telepathy and clairvoyance, but if one thing emerges for me from their review, it is the extreme messiness of the data adduced. Lack of replication is rampant. While one would normally expect that continuing scientific scrutiny of a phenomenon should lead to stronger effect sizes as one learns more about the subject matter and refines the methodology, this is apparently not the case with this research."
  46. ^ Storm, Lance; Sherwood, Simon; Roe, Chris; Rock, Adam; Di Risio, Lorenzo (2017). "On the correspondence between dream content and target material under laboratory conditions: A meta-analysis of dream-ESP studies, 1966-2016". International Journal of Dream Research. 10 (2): 133. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  47. ^ Gardner, Martin. (1983). Science: Good, Bad and Bogus. Oxford University Press. p. 244. ISBN 0-19-286037-2
  48. ^ Krippner, Stanley. (1980). Human Possibilities: Mind Exploration in the U. S. S. R. and Eastern Europe. Anchor Press/Doubleday. p. 33
  49. ^ Kravitz, Jerome; Hillabrant, Walter. (1977). The Future is Now: Readings in Introductory Psychology. F. E. Peacock Publishers. p. 301
  50. ^ Gardner, Martin. (1986). Magicians in the Psi Lab: Many Misconceptions. In Kendrick Frazier. Science Confronts the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. pp. 170–175. ISBN 978-1-61592-619-0
  51. ^ Kurtz, Paul. (1978). Review of Future Science: Life Energies and the Physics of Paranormal Phenomena. Skeptical Inquirer 2: 90–94.
  52. ^ Henry Gordon. (1988). Extrasensory Deception : ESP, Psychics, Shirley MacLaine, Ghosts, UFOs. Macmillan of Canada. p. 27
  53. ^ Rich, Grant Jewell (March 2001). "Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence: Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence". American Anthropologist. 103 (1): 266–267. doi:10.1525/aa.2001.103.1.266.
  54. ^ MacHovec, Frank. (2002). Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence (Review). Cultic Studies Review. Vol. 1, No. 2.
  55. ^ Ullman, Montague; Krippner, Stanley; Vaughan, Alan (2023) [1973]. Dream Telepathy: The Landmark ESP Experiments (50th Anniversary ed.). Afterworlds Press. ISBN 978-1786772343. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
  56. ^ Krippner, Stanley (1976). "Hypnosis as Verbal Programming in Educational Therapy". In Dengrove, Edward (ed.). Hypnosis and Behavior Therapy. Charles C Thomas. pp. 235–243. ISBN 978-0398033361.
  57. ^ Feinstein, David; Krippner, Stanley (2006). The Mythic Path: Discovering the Guiding Stories of Your Past. Energy Psychology Press. ISBN 978-1600700163.
  58. ^ Feinstein, David; Krippner, Stanley (1988). Personal Mythology: Using Ritual, Dreams and Imagination to Discover Your Inner Story. Energy Psychology Press. ISBN 0874774837.
  59. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Powers, Susan (1997). Broken Images, Broken Selves: Dissociative Narratives in Clinical Practice. Brunner/Mazel. ISBN 978-0876308516.
  60. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Cardeña, Etzel; Lynn, Steven Jay (2000). Varieties of Anomalous Experience: Examining the Scientific Evidence. American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1557986252.
  61. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Bogzaran, Fariba; de Carvalho, Andre Percia (2002). Extraordinary Dreams and How to Work with Them. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0791452585. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
  62. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2004). "Psychology of Shamanism". In Walter, M.N.; Fridman, E.J.N. (eds.). Shamanism: An Encyclopedia of World Beliefs, Practices, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. pp. 204–211.
  63. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Friedman, Harris L. (2010). Mysterious Minds: The Neurobiology of Psychics, Mediums, and Other Extraordinary People. Praeger. ISBN 978-0313358661. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
  64. ^ Cardeña, Etzel; Krippner, Stanley (2010). "The Cultural Context of Hypnosis". In Lynn, Steven J.; Rhue, Judith W.; Kirsch, Irving (eds.). Handbook of Clinical Hypnosis (2nd ed.). APA Books. pp. 743–771.
  65. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Friedman, Harris L. (2010). Debating Psychic Experience: Human Potential or Human Illusion?. Praeger. ISBN 978-0313392610.
  66. ^ Rock, Adam; Krippner, Stanley (2011). Demystifying Shamans and Their World: A Multidisciplinary Study. Imprint Academic. ISBN 978-1845402228.
  67. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Pitchford, Daniel B.; Davies, Jeanne (2012). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Biographies of Disease. Greenwood/ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0313386688.
  68. ^ Jones, S.M.S.; Krippner, Stanley (2016). The Shamanic Powers of Rolling Thunder. Bear & Co. ISBN 978-1591432272. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
  69. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Rock, Adam J.; Friedman, Harris L.; Zingrone, Nancy L. (2021). Advances in Parapsychological Research, Vol. 10. McFarland. ISBN 978-0786477920. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
  70. ^ Krippner, Stanley; Riebel, Linda; Joffe Ellis, Debbie; Paulson, Daryl S. (2021). Understanding Suicide's Allure: Steps to Save Lives by Healing Psychological Scars. Praeger. ISBN 978-1440862540. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
  71. ^ Krippner, Stanley (2024). A Chaotic Life (Volumes 1-3): The Memoirs of Stanley Krippner, Pioneering Humanistic Psychologist. University Professors Press. ISBN 978-1955737494. Retrieved 2025-03-04.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stanley_Krippner&oldid=1319662762"