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Suðuroyartunnilin

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Suðuroyartunnilin
Map
Overview
LocationSuðuroy, Sandoy and Skúvoy, Faroe Islands
StatusProposed
Operation
Openscirca 2036 [3]
OwnerFaroese government
TrafficAutomotive
TollYes
Vehicles per daybetween 1060 and 1370 in 2030,[1] up to 2000 in 2050[2]
Technical
Lengthca. 24.297 km (15.097 mi)
No. of lanes2
Operating speed80 km/h (50 mph)
Width9.5 m (31 ft)
Grade5‰ (main tube)

Suðuroyartunnilin (the Suðuroy Tunnel) is a planned undersea tunnel in the Faroe Islands, linking the island of Suðuroy to Sandoy. Until there is a fixed link, all vehicles and cargo, and virtually all passenger traffic must use the ferry service.

Current situation

[edit]

As of 2025, a ferry service operates between Krambatangi on central Suðuroy and the capital Tórshavn. The ferry is operated by the national transport company Strandfaraskip Landsins and uses the vessel Smyril (passengers and cargo) taking two hours and five minutes each way. In 2019, on average 1,000 passengers (including the drivers) and 290 vehicles embarked on the ferry per day.[4] The frequency is either twice or three times per day, though the service is frequently cancelled in winter due to adverse weather and heavy seas, since the Suðuroyarfjørður strait is exposed to swell and strong tidal currents (with overfalls in places), and funnels northwesterlies. In addition, annual maintenance requires a replacement charter vessel, which are not readily available for these conditions.

Currently another ferry links Skúvoy and Sandoy multiple trips per day, most of which need to be reserved in advance.[5] If the Suðuroyartunnilin would route via Skúvoy, it would add Skúvoy to the road network and replace this passenger ferry service as well. The Suðuroyartunnilin would form a structural, direct link between Sandoy and Suðuroy - the two southern sýslur (districts) - for the first time in decades. Currently they are only marginally linked via a twice-weekly helicopter service, running the route Tórshavn-Skúvoy-Stóra Dímun-Froðba, which does not call at Sandoy itself.

The Sandoyartunnilin opened in December 2023 and connects Sandoy to Streymoy. This tunnel would act as a stepping stone for Suðuroy. Until a tunnel to Suðuroy be finished, it has been suggested by Strandfaraskip Landsins in 2023 that the ferry from Suðuroy northwards could also start in Hvalba and terminate in Sandur.[6] This route would nearly halve the crossing time down to 1 hour and 15 minutes, thus allowing for increased frequency and daily capacity. However, the ports in Hvalba and Sandur would need to be extended in order to accommodate MS Smyril or comparable vessels.[7]

Project

[edit]

On 8 November 2024 all Faroese political parties in the Løgting approved the ambition to develop the plan for the tunnel.[8] On 11 November 2024, the Faroese government submitted the legislative proposal (Act on the Suðuroyartunnilin) for first round of hearings to the Løgting.[9] It was decided that the project will be a public enterprise, under the direct responsibility of the Løgmaður, using the limited company p/F Suðuroyartunnilin established by the government for the purpose. Public works authority Landsverk oversees and administrates the process. The dimensions of the two-lane, single-tube tunnel were set at 9.5 meters in diameter and a maximum gradient of 5 promille for the main tube.

No decision on the routing was taken, but the government suggested a preferential route from Skarvanes on Sandoy to Sandvík on Suðuroy, bypassing Skúvoy. A total of 4 billion DKK was estimated, with an projected 10 year completion time.[10][11][12]. This does not encompass a branch to Skúvoy, which was estimated at 200-400 million krónur as a separate project. New government negotations and new background studies were initiated.

In June 2025, again no political consensus was reached after three rounds of hearings, which forced Løgmaður Aksel Johannesen to suspend the legislative proposal again and call for further studies into route options and costs.

In October 2025, the government submitted a new legislative proposal (Act on the Suðuroyartunnilin) to the Løgting. The underlying documentation includes two routing scenarios. Scenario 1A is a tunnel between Djúpadalur on Sandoy and Sandvík on Suðuroy, with a branch to Skúvoy.[13] The total length would be 24,297 meters, of which 22,247 meters for the main tube and 1,550 meters for the branch. The cost is now estimated to be 4.875-4.891 billion krónur.[14][15] Construction require 10.1 years to complete after final political approval, including 2 years for detailed project planning and preparations, 5.5 years for the drilling, and 2.6 years for finishing. This give an earliest possible opening in 2036. This scenario includes several new roads on Sandoy, including a new highway from Traðardalur to Sandur, a bypass northeast around the village, and new highways (in tunnels, to circumnavigate the narrow Sandslíð cliff) to Djúpadalur.

Scenario 2A starts north of Sandoy village and crosses Skúvoy on its western flank on its on its way to Suðuroy.[14][15] The total length would be 28,145 meters, of which 26,275 for the main tube and 1,870 for the branch. The cost is estimated to be 5.351-5.369 billion krónur. Construction require 11.0 years to complete, giving an earliest possible opening in 2037.

Both Scenario 1A and 2A include a car parking at Skúvoy, by-pass roads in Sandvík and Hvalba, and a new tunnel between these latter villages. The estimated ridership is between 1240 and 1370 vehicles per day, depending on the chosen routing.[15] In either scenario, the tunnel would be constructed by two drilling parties working simultaneously towards each other from Sandoy and Suðuroy. A third drilling party, starting at Skúvoy, was considered as scenarios 1B and 2B would result in additional cost (800 million krónur) and limited time gain.[13] Part of the extra costs result from the significant port extensions required in order to set up the construction site and drills at the small island.

The legislative proposal to the Løgting is based on Scenario 1A.[16][14]All Løgting party leaders unanimously endorsed the government's routing preference days before the proposal was submitted.[13] The proposal and political endorsement reinvigorated strong societal debate, in which especially inhabitants of Sandur village turned critical towards the suggested route and lack of local and political consultation.[17][18] It is argued that Scenario 2A be preferred from both a societal, environmental and a long-term financial perspective. In a poll in November 2025 among 500 respondents (appr. 9% of the total population) showed a strong majority of Faroese in favour of Scenario 2B.[19]

The Faroese National Bank (Landsbankin) warned against the enterprise arguing the national budget be insufficient to carry the investment and risk, irrespective of the tunnel's routing.[20] The November 2025 poll also showed that the majority (54%) of Faroese only support the project if financially sound, while also a majority (56%) does not believe the project will be realised within 10-15 years.[19]

History

[edit]

The calls for a fixed link to Suðuroy emerged after the success of the two earliest sub-sea tunnels in the Faroe Islands, the Vágatunnilin and Norðoyatunnilin in 2002 and 2006 respectively. The Suðuroyartunnilin was first referred to officially in the National Transport Plan for 2008-2020,[21] stating no concrete ambitions.

The project was given more attention in the National Transport Plan 2012-2024, estimating an investment of 8 billion DKK for a 22.5 km tunnel from Dalur to Sandvík, but again without concrete ambitions.[22] The idea has gained more public attention since the onset of the construction of the Eysturoyartunnilin (opened in December 2020) and Sandoyartunnilin (opened in December 2023).[23][24]

The National Transport Plan for 2018-2030[25] lists the Suðuroyartunnilin again as an opportunity but no concrete plans to construct it. It recommends building the link in two sections, first from Sandoy to Skúvoy as a tunnel, bridge or causeway, and then onward to Suðuroy. It projected a costs range from 2.8 to 3.4 billion DKK, with an opening date of no earlier than 2030. The plan suggests a projected ridership of circa 1,000 vehicles per day in 2030. In 2019, Landsverk estimated ridership to be 800 motor vehicles per direction per day in 2030.[26][27][28][29]

In October 2021, public works authority Landsverk published a preliminary cost–benefit analysis scenario study that calculated the net present value for four tunnel options and two ferry options.[30][31] This report was later published in English as Removing the Island Barrier.[32] The expected ridership was now between 1,050 and 1,300 vehicles per day per direction, depending on the toll levels. The scenario study lists the following options:

Options for the link to Suðuroy
Option Project type Route Net present value Remarks
Status quo Ferry service Tórshavn (Streymoy) - Krambatangi (Suðuroy) Not included Most financially viable option. Lowest ranking in socio-economic benefits. Most CO2 emissions. The trip distance by sea is 59.3 kilometers.[33]
1. Road tunnel Skarvanes (Sandoy) - Sandvík (Suðuroy) -1.678 billion DKK
2. Road tunnel Sandur (Sandoy) - Sandvík (Suðuroy) -1.638 billion DKK
3. Road tunnel Sandur (Sandoy) - Skúvoy - Sandvík (Suðuroy) -1.735 billion DKK Highest-ranking in socio-economic benefits.
4. Car shuttle train tunnel Sandur (Sandoy) - Sandvík (Suðuroy) -4.205 billion DKK Best option for CO2 emissions. Least financially viable option.
5. Ferry service Sandur (Sandoy) - Krambatangi (Suðuroy) +72 million DKK Closely following option 0. as the most financially viable option. The trip distance by sea would be 38.3 kilometres while the added distance by road measures 25 kilometers (using the Sandoyartunnilin to Tórshavn).[33]

The total investment cost of a tunnel, excluding connecting roads would range from 3.6 to 5.4 billion DKK, corresponding roughly to one-quarter of the Faroese gross national income.[34] At most 10% of the total costs could be recovered via tolls. Projected daily ridership for both directions combined ranges from 1,060 (option 5) to 1,370 motor vehicles per day (option 3).[30] Parameters included in the analysis were operational costs, write-off (ferry Smyril), substitution effects, user prices (tolls or ferry tickets), demographic effects, employment effects, inflation and increase of wages, carbon dioxide emissions (during construction and operation) and the volume of debris generated in tunnel construction. As for option 5, the cost-benefit analysis did not consider the move of Suðuroy's ferry terminal northwards to Hvalba, which would further reduce the distance to 29.6 kilometres. It would, however, add 11 kilometers by road from Krambatangi.[35]

In November 2022, the Faroese government agreed to go ahead with the project by establishing a limited company (p/F Suðuroyartunnilin) as a fund for budget deposits and later pay the contractor.[36] The results are to be expected in autumn 2024.[37] Only after this, a final decision for the project can be expected. In the meantime, the government will put up the business plan and the sustainability assessment. In January 2023, the minister of Fisheries and Transport Dennis Holm suggested that drilling could already start within two years.[38] However, public company enterprises are part of the Prime Minister's responsibility, who referred to the coalition agreement, which does not state a start and end date.[37][39]

Landsverk constructed a new Hvalbiartunnil between Trongisvágur and Hvalba. This tunnel replaced the old tunnel from 1963. The old Hvalbiartunnilin was a bottleneck that needed to be solved for before Suðuroyartunnilin could become a reality.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Forkanning av einari nýggjari suðuroyarleið" [Preliminary study of a new southern route] (PDF) (in Faroese).
  2. ^ "Linjuføringar í sambandi við Suðuroyartunnilin" [Line routing in connection with the Suðuroy Tunnel] (PDF) (in Faroese).
  3. ^ https://landsstyri.cdn.fo/savn/5h1hm2vv/20251020_linjefoeringer-for-suduroyartunnilin_beslutningsnotat_version-01.pdf?s=_OJQHfnms_LH5tYIGM4i2l_NEZk. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ^ "Hagtøl". SSL.
  5. ^ "66 Sandur - Skúvoy". SSL.
  6. ^ "Suðuroyarleiðin um Sand heldur enn Havnina". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  7. ^ Løgmansskrivstova (2007). Visjón 2015. Mál og vegir (PDF) (in Faroese). Tórshavn: Faroese government. p. 146.
  8. ^ Prime Minister's Office. "Semjuskjal um Suðuroyartunnil við tilhoyrandi tunnils- og vegakervum" (PDF).
  9. ^ "Uppskot til løgtingslóg um Suðuroyartunnilin við tilhoyrandi tunnilskervum og vegakervum". www.lms.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2024-11-12.
  10. ^ "Landskassin stóran leiklut í Suðuroyartunlinum". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2024-11-12.
  11. ^ Joensen, Rói (2024-11-08). "Suðuroyartunnil fyri fýra milliardir liðugur um tíggju ár". FM1. Retrieved 2024-11-20.
  12. ^ "Skúvoy verður ikki knýtt upp í Suðuroyartunnilin". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2024-11-12.
  13. ^ a b c "Semja millum politiskar flokkar um linjuføring". www.lms.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2025-10-28.
  14. ^ a b c "Uppskotið um at prosjektera og bjóða út Suðuroyartunnil sent í almenna hoyring". www.lms.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2025-11-03.
  15. ^ a b c Landsverk (2025). Kostnað-nyttu greining av Suðuroyartunlinum við fýra møguleikum eftir umbøn frá Løgmansskrivstovuni. Annex to the legislative act "Suðuroyartunnilin við tilhoyrandi tunnilskervum og vegakervum (fyrireiking, prosjektering og útboð)" (Suðuroyartunnil with connected tunnel and road network (preparation, project planning, and tender).
  16. ^ "Uppskot til løgtingslóg um Suðuroyartunnilin við tilhoyrandi tunnilskervum og vegakervum". www.lms.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2025-11-03.
  17. ^ "Suðuroyartunnilin: Rumbul í politisku valfeløgunum í Sandoynni". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2025-11-03.
  18. ^ "Heimasandsfólk misnøgd um ferðsluna úr Suðuroyartunlinum". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2025-11-03.
  19. ^ a b "Nógv flest vilja hava tunnilin upp við Múlan". dagur.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2025-11-07.
  20. ^ "Landsbankastjórin: Ikki ráð til Suðuroyartunnilin". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2025-11-03.
  21. ^ "Samferðsluætlan fyri Føroyar 2008-2020". www.landsverk.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2023-01-23.
  22. ^ Ministry of the Interior (Innlendismálaráðið) (2012). Føroyar sum ein býur. Samferðsluætlan 2012-2024. (Faroe as a City. Transport Plan 2012-2024) (in Faroese). Tórshavn: Faroese government. pp. 96–97, 106.
  23. ^ "Eysturoyartunnilin letur møguliga ikki upp fyrr enn tíðliga í 2021". dagur.fo.
  24. ^ "Sandoyartunnilin". Eystur- og Sandoyatunlar.
  25. ^ "Samferðsluætlanin 2018-2030". www.landsverk.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  26. ^ "Suðuroyartunnil eigur at koma upp í Skúgvoy". http.
  27. ^ "Info" (PDF). www.landsverk.fo. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
  28. ^ "Minister: Suðuroy tunnel ready in 2030". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). 5 February 2020.
  29. ^ Landsverk (2019) [2019]. "Álit um møguleikar, fyrimunir og vansar, at gera ein Suðuroyartunnil" (PDF). Løgmannaskrivstova. Løgmannaskrivstovan. p. 15. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  30. ^ a b Landsverk (21 October 2021). "Forkanning av einari nýggjari Suðuroyarleið. Samfelagsligar, búskaparligar og umhvørvisligar greiningar" (PDF). Landsverk (Full report). Retrieved 22 October 2021.
  31. ^ Landsverk (21 October 2021). "Forkanning av einari nýggjari Suðuroyartleið. Samfelagsligar, búskaparligar og umhvørvisligar greiningar" (PDF). Landsverk (Graphic visualisation). Retrieved 22 October 2021.
  32. ^ "Landsverk lyklaleiklut í altjóða tunnilsráðstevnu". Landsverk (in Faroese). Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  33. ^ a b Kortal. "Føroyakort". kort.foroyakort.fo. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
  34. ^ "Tunnil til Suðuroyar er mettur at kosta 5,4 milliardir krónur". www.landsverk.fo (in Faroese). Retrieved 2021-10-22.
  35. ^ Kortal. "Føroyakort". kort.foroyakort.fo. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
  36. ^ Tyril, Bui (2022-11-15). "Suðuroy Tunnel: The big one is officially underway". Local.fo. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  37. ^ a b Saman eru vit sterk. Samgonguskjal millum Javnaðarflokkin, Tjóðveldi og Framsókn. [Coalition agreement] (in Faroese). Tórshavn: Government of the Faroe Islands. 2022.
  38. ^ "Dennis Holm ætlar at seta borin í innan tvey ár". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  39. ^ "Suðuroyartunnilin er hjá løgmanni". Kringvarp Føroya (in Faroese). Retrieved 2023-01-22.

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